The 405-line monochrome analogue television broadcasting system was the first fully electronic television system to be used in regular broadcasting. It was introduced with the BBC Television Service in 1936, suspended for the duration of World War II, and remained in operation in the UK until 1985, and was also used between 1961 and 1982 in Ireland as well as from 1957 to 1973 for the Rediffusion Television cable service in Hong Kong.

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  • The 405-line monochrome analogue television broadcasting system was the first fully electronic television system to be used in regular broadcasting. It was introduced with the BBC Television Service in 1936, suspended for the duration of World War II, and remained in operation in the UK until 1985, and was also used between 1961 and 1982 in Ireland as well as from 1957 to 1973 for the Rediffusion Television cable service in Hong Kong. Sometimes called the Marconi-EMI system, it was developed in 1934 by the EMI Research Team led by Sir Isaac Shoenberg. The figure of 405 lines had been chosen following discussions over Sunday lunch at the home of Alan Blumlein. The system was the first broadcast system in Britain to use interlacing, though EMI had been experimenting with a 243 line all-electronic interlaced system since 1933. In the 405 system the scanning lines were broadcast in two complementary fields, 50 times per second, creating 25 frames per second. Of the 405 lines, 377 were used for the image. By today's DVB nomenclature standards, it could be called 377i except that 405 line has never been broadcast or recorded digitally. Though at the time of its introduction the 405-line system was referred to as "high definition", that was in relation to the crude mechanical television systems that preceded it; this should not be confused with modern-day high-definition television.
  • Il sistema di trasmissione televisiva analogica a 405 linee è stato il primo sistema utilizzato per trasmissioni regolari e non a carattere sperimentale. Fu introdotto dalla BBC nel 1936 e, sospeso durante la seconda guerra mondiale, rimase in uso nel Regno Unito fino al 1985. Fu utilizzato anche in Irlanda, Hong Kong e Nuova Zelanda. A volte chiamato sistema Marconi-EMI, fu inventato nel 1934 da Alan Dower Blumlein del centro ricerche EMI. Il sistema a 405 linee, monocromatico, è stato il primo a utilizzare la tecnica dell'interlacciamento: le 405 linee di scansione venivano trasmesse in due semiquadri complementari, dando origine così a una cadenza di ripresa di 25 fotogrammi al secondo. Delle 405 linee, 377 erano usate per l'immagine. All'epoca della sua introduzione, il sistema fu denominato ad "alta definizione", in relazioni ai primitivi sistemi di televisione meccanica, ma non c'è alcuna relazione con la moderna alta definizione.
  • 405 line er navnet på et analogt, svart-hvitt kringkastingssystem for TV, som ble brukt i Storbritannia i perioden 1936–1985 og også brukt i en periode i Irland og Hong Kong. Systemet ble oppfunnet i 1934 av Alan Dower Blumlein, et medlem av EMIs forskningsteam ledet av Isaac Shoenberg. Systemet var det første som brukte delbilder. De 405 linjene ble kringkastet i to delbilder med 50 delbilder per sekund slik at man fikk en bildefrekvens på 25 bpilder per sekund. 377 av linjene ble brukt til bilde.
  • Le 405 lignes est un standard de télévision qui fut officiellement adopté par la BBC en février 1937 à l'issue en 1936 du rapprochement entre les compagnies EMI et Marconi. Après la guerre de 1939-1945, alors que d'autres pays, tels la France ou l'Allemagne s'orientaient vers des définitions plus élevées, le 405 lignes britannique fut reconduit définitivement et ne fut abandonné qu'en 1983 après l'achèvement complet des nouveaux réseaux de BBC1 et ITV en 625 lignes UHF en couleurs PAL, initiés dès 1969. Peu gourmand en bande de fréquences, ce standard permit la diffusion de deux réseaux nationaux dans la bande VHF là où les autres pays, en 625 lignes ou en 819 lignes ne pouvaient en exploiter qu'un seul. La République d'Irlande adopta également ce standard pour le lancement de sa première chaîne, RTE au début des années 1950.
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  • The 405-line monochrome analogue television broadcasting system was the first fully electronic television system to be used in regular broadcasting. It was introduced with the BBC Television Service in 1936, suspended for the duration of World War II, and remained in operation in the UK until 1985, and was also used between 1961 and 1982 in Ireland as well as from 1957 to 1973 for the Rediffusion Television cable service in Hong Kong.
  • Il sistema di trasmissione televisiva analogica a 405 linee è stato il primo sistema utilizzato per trasmissioni regolari e non a carattere sperimentale. Fu introdotto dalla BBC nel 1936 e, sospeso durante la seconda guerra mondiale, rimase in uso nel Regno Unito fino al 1985. Fu utilizzato anche in Irlanda, Hong Kong e Nuova Zelanda. A volte chiamato sistema Marconi-EMI, fu inventato nel 1934 da Alan Dower Blumlein del centro ricerche EMI.
  • 405 line er navnet på et analogt, svart-hvitt kringkastingssystem for TV, som ble brukt i Storbritannia i perioden 1936–1985 og også brukt i en periode i Irland og Hong Kong. Systemet ble oppfunnet i 1934 av Alan Dower Blumlein, et medlem av EMIs forskningsteam ledet av Isaac Shoenberg. Systemet var det første som brukte delbilder. De 405 linjene ble kringkastet i to delbilder med 50 delbilder per sekund slik at man fikk en bildefrekvens på 25 bpilder per sekund.
  • Le 405 lignes est un standard de télévision qui fut officiellement adopté par la BBC en février 1937 à l'issue en 1936 du rapprochement entre les compagnies EMI et Marconi.
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  • 405 lignes
  • 405 linee
  • 405-line television system
  • 405-line
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