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Summus Senator is a medieval title of Rome for the head of the civil government in the city. The ancient Senate continued to function after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, but it became increasingly irrelevant and seems to have disappeared in the seventh century. It is last attested in 603, when it acclaimed new statues of Emperor Phocas and Empress Leontia in 603, and in 630 the Senate House was transformed into a church by Pope Honorius I.

Attributes	Values
rdf:type	yago:Abstraction100002137 yago:FundamentalQuantity113575869 yago:Measure100033615 yago:MiddleAge115153472 yago:WikicatHighMiddleAges yago:TimeOfLife115144371 yago:TimePeriod115113229
rdfs:label	Summus Senator (en)
rdfs:comment	Summus Senator is a medieval title of Rome for the head of the civil government in the city. The ancient Senate continued to function after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, but it became increasingly irrelevant and seems to have disappeared in the seventh century. It is last attested in 603, when it acclaimed new statues of Emperor Phocas and Empress Leontia in 603, and in 630 the Senate House was transformed into a church by Pope Honorius I. (en)
dcterms:subject	Medieval Rome 12th century in the Papal States
Wikipage page ID	42352556 (xsd:integer)
Wikipage revision ID	1110446537 (xsd:integer)
Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage	Roman Republic Roman Senate Rome 14 regions of Medieval Rome Medieval Rome Consul Crescentius the Younger Marozia 12th century in the Papal States Commune of Rome Frangipani family Leontia Patrician (post-Roman Europe) Western Roman Empire Giordano Pierleoni Curia Early Middle Ages Henry of Castile the Senator Holy Roman Emperor Phocas Diocese of Rome Pope Clement IV Pope Honorius I Pier Leoni Charles I of Anjou
Link from a Wikipage to an external page	https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=7VDcmDeLuV4C&pg=PA1047%7Cyear=2002%7Cpublisher=Psychology https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=tlNlFZ_7UhoC&pg=PA196%7Cdate=27
sameAs	Summus Senator Summus Senator Summus Senator Summus Senator
dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate	dbt:Citation_needed dbt:Cite_book dbt:Fact dbt:Italy-hist-stub dbt:Redirect dbt:Refimprove dbt:Reflist dbt:Short_description dbt:Italy-gov-stub
has abstract	Summus Senator is a medieval title of Rome for the head of the civil government in the city. The ancient Senate continued to function after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, but it became increasingly irrelevant and seems to have disappeared in the seventh century. It is last attested in 603, when it acclaimed new statues of Emperor Phocas and Empress Leontia in 603, and in 630 the Senate House was transformed into a church by Pope Honorius I. The title senator did continue to be used in the Early Middle Ages (it was held by Crescentius the Younger (d.998) and in its feminine form senatrix by Marozia (d.937), to give two prominent examples) but it appears to have been regarded as a vague title of nobility and no longer indicated membership of an organized governing body. In 1144, the Commune of Rome attempted to establish a government modeled on the old Roman Republic in opposition to the temporal power of the higher nobles (in particular the Frangipani family) and the pope. This included setting up a senate along the lines of the ancient one. Most of our sources state that there were 56 senators in this revived senate, and modern historians have therefore interpreted this to indicate that there were four senators for each of the fourteen regiones of Rome. These senators, the first real senators since the 7th century, elected as their leader Giordano Pierleoni, son of the Roman consul Pier Leoni, with the title patrician, since the term consul had been deprecated as a noble styling. This new form of civil government was constantly under pressure from the papacy and the Holy Roman Emperor. From 1192 onwards the popes succeeded in reducing the 56-strong senate down to a single individual, styled Summus Senator, who subsequently became the head of the civil government of Rome under the pope's aegis. In the post-Commune period, the title senator again became a purely honorific one. For example, Pope Clement IV bestowed it on Henry of Castile in 1267 to reward him for his support of Charles I of Naples. (en)
gold:hypernym	Style (form of address)
prov:wasDerivedFrom	wikipedia-en:Summus_Senator?oldid=1110446537&ns=0
page length (characters) of wiki page	4098 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger)
foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf	wikipedia-en:Summus_Senator
is Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage of	Roman Senate Administrative subdivisions of the Papal States from 1816 to 1870 Gabriele Capodilista Giovanni Conti (died 1332) Fall of Outremer Charles I of Anjou War of the Keys Papal nobility Treaty of San Germano Summus senator Senator of Rome
is Wikipage redirect of	Summus senator Senator of Rome
is title of	Charles I of Anjou
is foaf:primaryTopic of	wikipedia-en:Summus_Senator

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