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The National Covenant (Scottish Gaelic: An Cùmhnant Nàiseanta) was an agreement signed by many people of Scotland during 1638, opposing the proposed reforms of the Church of Scotland (also known as The Kirk) by King Charles I. The king's efforts to impose changes on the church in the 1630s caused widespread protests across Scotland, leading to the organisation of committees to coordinate opposition to the king. Facing royal opposition to the movement, its leaders arranged the creation of the National Covenant, which was designed to bolster the movement by tapping into patriotic fervour and became widely adopted throughout most of Scotland.

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  • 国民盟約 (ja)
  • National Covenant (en)
  • Национальный ковенант (ru)
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  • 国民盟約(国民契約、国民誓約とも、英語:National Covenant)は、イングランドおよびスコットランドの国王チャールズ1世の施行した国教会祈祷書(ロード祈祷書)に反対して起こった、スコットランドの抵抗運動組織である。スコットランドには元来、何らかの主張をする時に結束して盟約を作る習慣があったが、国民盟約はその代表的なものであり、国教会の監督制に対して長老制の維持を主張した。これがイングランドとの主教戦争、ひいては清教徒革命を引き起こす火種の一つとなった。 (ja)
  • Национа́льный Ковена́нт (англ. National Covenant) — манифест шотландского национального движения в защиту пресвитерианства, изданный в 1638 году и ставший основой для сплочения шотландцев в их борьбе против абсолютистской политики короля Карла I. Движение ковенантеров, сторонников Ковенанта, сыграло важную роль в истории Шотландии, а также Англии и Ирландии в XVII веке. Национальный Ковенант является также одним из краеугольных камней современного пресвитерианства. (ru)
  • The National Covenant (Scottish Gaelic: An Cùmhnant Nàiseanta) was an agreement signed by many people of Scotland during 1638, opposing the proposed reforms of the Church of Scotland (also known as The Kirk) by King Charles I. The king's efforts to impose changes on the church in the 1630s caused widespread protests across Scotland, leading to the organisation of committees to coordinate opposition to the king. Facing royal opposition to the movement, its leaders arranged the creation of the National Covenant, which was designed to bolster the movement by tapping into patriotic fervour and became widely adopted throughout most of Scotland. (en)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/EDI_CITY_CAC_1978_113.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Witnessesfortru00unkngoog_0082JanetGeddes.png
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