About: Licence to crenellate

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In medieval England, Wales and the Channel Islands a licence to crenellate (or licence to fortify) granted the holder permission to fortify his property. Such licences were granted by the king, and by the rulers of the counties palatine within their jurisdictions, i.e. by the Bishops of Durham, the Earls of Chester, and after 1351 by the Dukes of Lancaster.

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rdfs:label	Licence to crenellate (en)
rdfs:comment	In medieval England, Wales and the Channel Islands a licence to crenellate (or licence to fortify) granted the holder permission to fortify his property. Such licences were granted by the king, and by the rulers of the counties palatine within their jurisdictions, i.e. by the Bishops of Durham, the Earls of Chester, and after 1351 by the Dukes of Lancaster. (en)
foaf:depiction
dcterms:subject	Middle Ages-related lists Medieval defences Fortification (architectural elements) Regulation in the United Kingdom Medieval English law
Wikipage page ID	6202264 (xsd:integer)
Wikipage revision ID	1070274378 (xsd:integer)
Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage	England in the Middle Ages Duke of Lancaster Letters patent List of licences to crenellate Cooling Castle Closed-circuit television Middle Ages-related lists John Goodall (author) Earl of Chester County palatine Medieval defences Adulterine castle Fortification (architectural elements) Regulation in the United Kingdom Channel Islands Bishop of Durham Medieval English law Mark (money) Patent Rolls Wales in the Middle Ages
Link from a Wikipage to an external page	http://www.castlestudiesgroup.org.uk/Licences%20to%20Crenellate%20-%20Philip%20Davis.pdf https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archiveDS/archiveDownload%3Ft=arch-769-1/dissemination/pdf/vol26/26_069_100.pdf https://www.academia.edu/9004913/Ecclesiastical_Licences_to_Crenellate_Urban_Disputes_and_Rivalries_in_Thirteenth_and_Fourteenth_Century_England
sameAs	Licence to crenellate Licence to crenellate Licence to crenellate Licence to crenellate
dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate	dbt:Citation dbt:ISBN dbt:Open_access dbt:Reflist dbt:Short_description dbt:Scholia
thumbnail	wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Cooling_Castle,_2011.jpg?width=300
has abstract	In medieval England, Wales and the Channel Islands a licence to crenellate (or licence to fortify) granted the holder permission to fortify his property. Such licences were granted by the king, and by the rulers of the counties palatine within their jurisdictions, i.e. by the Bishops of Durham, the Earls of Chester, and after 1351 by the Dukes of Lancaster. Licences to crenellate were issued in the 12th to 16th centuries. The earliest licences present a point of contention, for instance though authorities such as John Goodall in his book The English Castle considers a charter of 1127 to be one such licence, it was rejected as such by Philip Davis. In 1199 the administration of the country began to be systematically recorded, and the majority of licences survive in the Patent Rolls. Letters patent were distributed and were a public declaration that the person named within had been granted permission by the king to build a fortification. During periods of conflict, the number of licences granted usually increased. Only in a small number of cases did the Crown levy fees against those applying for licences to crenellate, and then it was only a small amount, a mark or half a mark. Of those given permission to build fortifications, most were knights rather than the upper members of the aristocracy. Most applicants were individuals; however, towns could also apply and 28 licences relate to town defences. While most people who secured licences were secular, ecclesiastic institutions were also eligible: 44 licences relate to churches, abbeys, and cathedrals. While licences were mostly granted to men, eleven women are mentioned in the surviving licences and four licences were granted directly to women. (en)
prov:wasDerivedFrom	wikipedia-en:Licence_to_crenellate?oldid=1070274378&ns=0
page length (characters) of wiki page	8044 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger)
foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf	wikipedia-en:Licence_to_crenellate
is Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage of	Caludon Castle Baynard Castle, Cottingham Baron Cobham Basset family Battle of Crogen Beaumys Castle Belvoir Castle Beverston Castle Bishopton Castle Blackdown Hills Bletsoe Castle Bridgwater Castle Hubert de Burgh, Earl of Kent Umberleigh William de Greystoke, 2nd Baron Greystoke Robert de Ogle Weycroft, Axminster William Greville 1340s in England Coxton Tower Melbourne Castle Rye House, Hertfordshire Eshott Hall Ogle Castle Wells St Andrew William de Aldeburgh, 1st Baron Aldeburgh Claxton Castle Cliffe, Selby Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham Musgrave family Cromarty Castle Thomas Hungerford (speaker) Apley Castle Macclesfield Macclesfield Castle Stokesay Castle Sudeley Castle Halden, Rolvenden Hemyock Manor of Gittisham Aydon

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