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Knights of Labor (K of L), officially Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor, was an American labor federation active in the late 19th century, especially the 1880s. It operated in the United States as well in Canada, and had chapters also in Great Britain and Australia. Its most important leader was Terence V. Powderly. The Knights promoted the social and cultural uplift of the worker, and demanded the eight-hour day. In some cases it acted as a labor union, negotiating with employers, but it was never well organized or funded. It was notable in its ambition to organize across lines of gender and race and in the inclusion of both skilled and unskilled labor. After a rapid expansion in the mid-1880s, it suddenly lost its new members and became a small operation again. The Knights of

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rdf:type
rdfs:label
  • Knights of Labor (en)
  • Knights of Labor (de)
  • Ιππότες της Εργασίας (el)
  • Chevaliers du travail (fr)
  • Knights of Labor (it)
  • 노동기사단 (ko)
  • Rycerze Pracy (pl)
  • Орден рыцарей труда (ru)
  • Knights of Labor (sv)
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  • Με την ονομασία Ιππότες της Εργασίας, (Knights (of) Labor) (1869-1939) φέρονταν τα μέλη οργάνωσης με αρχικό επίσημο όνομά Ευγενές και Άγιο Τάγμα των Ιπποτών της Εργασίας, που υπήρξε η μεγαλύτερη και μία από τις σημαντικότερες αμερικανικές εργατικές οργανώσεις της δεκαετίας του 1880. Ξεκίνησε ως μυστική οργάνωση χειραγώγησης των εργατικών δικαιωμάτων και προώθησης της κοινωνικής θέσης των εργατών απορρίπτοντας παράλληλα τον σοσιαλισμό και τον ριζοσπαστισμό καταλήγοντας σ' ένα κυρίαρχο εργατικό κίνημα της εποχής με δημοκρατικό μανδύα. (el)
  • Le Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor (« Noble et saint ordre des chevaliers du travail ») est une organisation de défense ouvrière pré-syndicale qui exista de 1869 à 1949 aux États-Unis. Elle s'inspirait du modèle maçonnique et des compagnonnages. Elle opéra de manière secrète jusqu'en 1878, puis connut un développement important jusqu'en 1886. Elle déclina les années suivantes victime de la concurrence de la Fédération américaine du travail (AFL) et de la répression patronale. Ses dernières loges disparurent après la Seconde Guerre mondiale, mais elle était marginale dès le début du XXe siècle. (fr)
  • 고귀 신성 노동기사단(Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor), 약칭 노동기사단(Knights of Labor; KOL)은 1880년대 미국에서 가장 크고 가장 중요했던 노동자 단체다. 주요 지도자는 다. KOL은 사회주의나 무정부주의를 거부하면서 노동자의 사회문화적 복지 향상을 꾀했다. 8시간 노동제를 요구하고, 생산자 윤리를 옹호했다. 몇몇 경우 기업주와 교섭을 하며 노동조합의 역할을 하기도 했지만, 제대로 조직화된 적은 한 번도 없었기에 노조라고 부르기는 어폐가 있다. 1869년 12월 28일 가 설립했다. 1880년 단원 수는 2만 8,000 명이었는데, 1884년에는 10만 명으로 훌쩍 뛰었고, 1886년에는 거의 80만 명에 가까울 정도로 팽창했다. 하지만 제대로 조직화되지 않은 조직의 특성상 헤이마켓 사건에 관련되어 욕을 먹는 것에 제대로 대처하지 못했고, 1886년에서 1887년 사이에 단원 대다수가 탈퇴하여 1890년에는 10만 명으로 다시 쪼그라들었다. 1893년 공황으로 KOL의 기능은 완전히 끝장났다. KOL의 잔여 세력은 1949년까지 존재했지만, 해체 당시 조합원 수는 50여 명에 불과했다. (ko)
  • Szlachetny i Święty Zakon Rycerzy Pracy (ang. Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor) - największa XIX-wieczna amerykańska organizacja związkowa założona w 1869 roku przez . Około 1900 została wyparta przez American Federation of Labor. (pl)
  • «Орден рыцарей труда», «Благородный и святой орден рыцарей труда» (англ. The Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor) — название распространённого, главным образом в США, общественного союза (ордена), имевшего целью улучшение положения всех категорий рабочего класса. Также Рыцарями Труда называли членов этого союза. Последними могли быть все сочувствующие целям ордена без различия пола, национальности, расы, религии, подданства, местожительства, профессии, классового положения, принадлежности к другому общественному союзу, к той или иной политической партии. Союз существовал с 1869 года по 1949 год, когда последние 50 членов союза прекратили приём в организацию. (ru)
  • Die Knights of Labor (deutsch: Ritter der Arbeit), am 1. Januar 1869 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania gegründet, war eine der bedeutendsten amerikanischen Arbeiterorganisationen des 19. Jahrhunderts. Als eine Art geheime Bruderschaft, The Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor genannt, wurde die Knights of Labor von sieben Mitgliedern des Schneiderhandwerks 1869 in Philadelphia, USA gegründet. Zwischen 1878 und 1881 wurde sie schrittweise für Menschen aller produzierenden Berufe geöffnet, nur Fabrikarbeiter sowie Geschäftsinhaber, Banker, Rechtsanwälte, Spekulanten, Börsenhändler und Schnapshändler blieben ausgeschlossen. Dadurch und durch den Verzicht auf frühere Geheimhaltungsrituale wuchsen die Größe und der Einfluss der Organisation von 1878 rapide an. In ihrer erfolgreichsten Zeit (de)
  • Knights of Labor (K of L), officially Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor, was an American labor federation active in the late 19th century, especially the 1880s. It operated in the United States as well in Canada, and had chapters also in Great Britain and Australia. Its most important leader was Terence V. Powderly. The Knights promoted the social and cultural uplift of the worker, and demanded the eight-hour day. In some cases it acted as a labor union, negotiating with employers, but it was never well organized or funded. It was notable in its ambition to organize across lines of gender and race and in the inclusion of both skilled and unskilled labor. After a rapid expansion in the mid-1880s, it suddenly lost its new members and became a small operation again. The Knights of (en)
  • Il Nobile e Sacro Ordine dei Cavalieri del Lavoro (inglese "Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor") è stata la più grande e una delle più importanti organizzazioni dei lavoratori americani degli anni ottanta del XIX secolo. Il principale leader fu . I Cavalieri promuovevano lo sviluppo sociale e culturale dei lavoratori, rifiutando socialismo e radicalismo, rivendicando la giornata lavorativa di otto ore e promuovendo l'ideologia repubblicana degli Stati Uniti. In alcuni casi agì come un sindacato, negoziando coi datori di lavoro ma non fu mai strutturalmente organizzata, e dopo una rapida espansione intorno alla metà degli anni ottanta, perse rapidamente i suoi nuovi membri e tornò a più modeste dimensioni. (it)
  • The Knights of Labor (K of L), officiellt Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor, var ett arbetarförbund som stiftades i Philadelphia den 24 november 1869 av Uriah Smith Stephens (1821–1882), till yrket skräddare. Förbundets syfte var att i ett brödraskap samla alla slag av arbetarföreningar och alla arter av arbete. Det skulle undvika de egentliga fackföreningarnas yrkesaristokrati och anta även den olärde (unskilled) grovarbetaren. Kvinnor skulle i allt vara likställda med män. Utan att avstå från sin karaktär av verklig arbetarförening skulle förbundet även vara öppet för icke kroppsarbetare och på så sätt "bygga en bro mellan dem, som arbetar med tanken och med handen". (sv)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Powderly-terence-1890.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sovereign-J-R-1894.jpg
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