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The four hu (Chinese: 四呼; pinyin: sì hū) are a traditional way of classifying syllable finals of Mandarin dialects, including Standard Chinese, based on different glides before the central vowel of the final. They are * kāikǒu (開口, "open mouth"), finals without a medial * qíchǐ (齊齒, "even teeth"), finals beginning with [i] * hékǒu (合口, "closed mouth"), finals beginning with [u] * cuōkǒu (撮口, "round mouth"), finals beginning with [y] This traditional classification is reflected in the bopomofo notation for the finals, but less directly in the pinyin:

Attributes	Values
rdfs:label	Four hu (en) 四呼 (ja) 四呼 (zh)
rdfs:comment	四呼（しこ）とは中国の伝統的な学問である音韻学の術語。音韻学では明代以降の韻母（母音または母音＋末子音）を韻頭・韻腹の口の形に基づき、開口呼・斉歯呼・合口呼・撮口呼の四つに分類した。 (ja) 四呼是近现代汉语音韵学的概念，用以指称近现代汉语的介音系统。四呼指开口呼、齐齿呼、合口呼和撮口呼。其本质是汉语韵母的四种类型。举现代标准汉语为例，韵母不是 [i]、[u]、[y]，又没有 [i]、[u]、[y] 介音的，称为开口呼；[i]或有[i]介音的韵母称为齐齿呼；[u]或有[u]介音的韵母称为合口呼；[y]或有[y]介音的韵母称为撮口呼。实际上不严格如此，因为考虑了语音系统和历史传承的因素。例如漢語拼音中ong属合口呼，iong属撮口呼，是把它们分别分析为[uŋ]、[yŋ]的变体。而注音符號則依照傳統漢語音韻，忠實反映四呼之分類。 (zh) The four hu (Chinese: 四呼; pinyin: sì hū) are a traditional way of classifying syllable finals of Mandarin dialects, including Standard Chinese, based on different glides before the central vowel of the final. They are * kāikǒu (開口, "open mouth"), finals without a medial * qíchǐ (齊齒, "even teeth"), finals beginning with [i] * hékǒu (合口, "closed mouth"), finals beginning with [u] * cuōkǒu (撮口, "round mouth"), finals beginning with [y] This traditional classification is reflected in the bopomofo notation for the finals, but less directly in the pinyin: (en)
dcterms:subject	History of the Chinese language Traditional Chinese phonology
Wikipage page ID	34004391 (xsd:integer)
Wikipage revision ID	1016933681 (xsd:integer)
Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage	Bopomofo History of the Chinese language Standard Chinese Traditional Chinese phonology International Phonetic Alphabet Pinyin Middle Chinese Pan Lei Rime tables Mandarin dialects Glide (linguistics)
sameAs	Four hu Four hu Four hu Four hu Four hu
dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate	dbt:Cite_book dbt:Cite_journal dbt:Efn dbt:IPA dbt:Notelist dbt:Reflist dbt:Zh dbt:Harvcoltxt dbt:IPA_notice
c	四呼 (en)
p	sì hū (en)
has abstract	The four hu (Chinese: 四呼; pinyin: sì hū) are a traditional way of classifying syllable finals of Mandarin dialects, including Standard Chinese, based on different glides before the central vowel of the final. They are * kāikǒu (開口, "open mouth"), finals without a medial * qíchǐ (齊齒, "even teeth"), finals beginning with [i] * hékǒu (合口, "closed mouth"), finals beginning with [u] * cuōkǒu (撮口, "round mouth"), finals beginning with [y] The terms kāikǒu and hékǒu come from the Song dynasty rime tables describing Middle Chinese.The Qing phonologist Pan Lei divided each of these categories in two based on the absence or presence of palatalization, and named the two new categories. This traditional classification is reflected in the bopomofo notation for the finals, but less directly in the pinyin: (en) 四呼（しこ）とは中国の伝統的な学問である音韻学の術語。音韻学では明代以降の韻母（母音または母音＋末子音）を韻頭・韻腹の口の形に基づき、開口呼・斉歯呼・合口呼・撮口呼の四つに分類した。 (ja) 四呼是近现代汉语音韵学的概念，用以指称近现代汉语的介音系统。四呼指开口呼、齐齿呼、合口呼和撮口呼。其本质是汉语韵母的四种类型。举现代标准汉语为例，韵母不是 [i]、[u]、[y]，又没有 [i]、[u]、[y] 介音的，称为开口呼；[i]或有[i]介音的韵母称为齐齿呼；[u]或有[u]介音的韵母称为合口呼；[y]或有[y]介音的韵母称为撮口呼。实际上不严格如此，因为考虑了语音系统和历史传承的因素。例如漢語拼音中ong属合口呼，iong属撮口呼，是把它们分别分析为[uŋ]、[yŋ]的变体。而注音符號則依照傳統漢語音韻，忠實反映四呼之分類。 (zh)
gold:hypernym	Way
prov:wasDerivedFrom	wikipedia-en:Four_hu?oldid=1016933681&ns=0
page length (characters) of wiki page	4333 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger)
foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf	wikipedia-en:Four_hu
is Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage of	Pu-Xian Min Sanming dialect Beijing Mandarin (division of Mandarin) Zhangzhou dialects Tiantai dialect Jian'ou dialect Old Mandarin Shaxian dialect Yong'an dialect Sihu
is foaf:primaryTopic of	wikipedia-en:Four_hu

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