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Agriculture in the Russian Empire throughout the 19th-20th centuries Russia represented a major world force, yet it lagged technologically behind other developed countries. Imperial Russia (officially founded in 1721 and abolished in 1917) was amongst the largest exporters of agricultural produce, especially wheat. The Free Economic Society of 1765 to 1919 made continuing efforts to improve farming techniques.

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  • Agriculture in the Russian Empire (en)
  • Agricultura en el Imperio ruso (es)
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  • Agriculture in the Russian Empire throughout the 19th-20th centuries Russia represented a major world force, yet it lagged technologically behind other developed countries. Imperial Russia (officially founded in 1721 and abolished in 1917) was amongst the largest exporters of agricultural produce, especially wheat. The Free Economic Society of 1765 to 1919 made continuing efforts to improve farming techniques. (en)
  • La agricultura en el Imperio Ruso a lo largo de los siglos XIX y XX, Rusia representaba una fuerza mundial importante, aunque estaba tecnológicamente atrasada con respecto a otros países desarrollados. Rusia Imperial (fundada oficialmente en 1721 y abolida en 1917) se encontraba entre los mayores exportadores de productos agrícolas, especialmente de trigo. La de 1765 a 1919 realizó continuos esfuerzos para mejorar las técnicas agrícolas. (es)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Radov_by_Repin.jpg
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  • Agriculture in the Russian Empire throughout the 19th-20th centuries Russia represented a major world force, yet it lagged technologically behind other developed countries. Imperial Russia (officially founded in 1721 and abolished in 1917) was amongst the largest exporters of agricultural produce, especially wheat. The Free Economic Society of 1765 to 1919 made continuing efforts to improve farming techniques. The Russian peasant (male) was colloquially called a krestyanin (Russian: крестьянин), the female form of this word is krestyanka (Russian: крестьянка), plural - krestyane (Russian: крестьяне). Some arrogate this meaning to the word muzhik, moujik (Russian: мужи́к, IPA: [mʊˈʐɨk]) (man), and this word was calqued into Western languages through translations of Russian literature of 19th century, that described Russian rural life of that times, and where really the word muzhik referred to the most common rural dweller - a peasant, but that was only a narrow contextual meaning of the word. Muzhik is plain traditional word that means just "man" (mature male human), and in more civil language it can mean "plain man". In general in Russian the "муж" (muzh — husband; venerable man), "мужчина" (muzhchina — mature male human) and "мужик" (muzhik) are the same root words. The female equivalent word is (Russian: баба). (en)
  • La agricultura en el Imperio Ruso a lo largo de los siglos XIX y XX, Rusia representaba una fuerza mundial importante, aunque estaba tecnológicamente atrasada con respecto a otros países desarrollados. Rusia Imperial (fundada oficialmente en 1721 y abolida en 1917) se encontraba entre los mayores exportadores de productos agrícolas, especialmente de trigo. La de 1765 a 1919 realizó continuos esfuerzos para mejorar las técnicas agrícolas. El campesino ruso (varón) era llamado coloquialmente un krestyanin (en ruso: крестьянин), la forma femenina de esta palabra es krestyanka (en ruso: крестьянка), plural - krestyane (en ruso: крестьяне). Algunos aplican este significado a la palabra , moujik (en ruso: мужи́к|p=mʊˈʐɨk)​ (hombre), y esta palabra fue copiado en las lenguas occidentales a través de las traducciones de la literatura rusa del siglo XIX,​ que describía la vida rural rusa de aquella época, y en la que realmente la palabra muzhik se refería al habitante rural más común: un campesino, pero ese era sólo un estrecho significado contextual de la palabra. es una palabra tradicional llana que significa simplemente "hombre" (humano masculino maduro), y en un lenguaje más civilizado puede significar "hombre llano". La palabra equivalente femenina es (en ruso:баба. (es)
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