. . "William David Coolidge (* 23. Oktober 1873 in Hudson (Massachusetts); \u2020 3. Februar 1975 in Schenectady, New York) war ein US-amerikanischer Physiker. Coolidge studierte am Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), wo er bereits 1896 ein R\u00F6ntgenstrahlen erzeugendes Ger\u00E4t konstruierte. Ein Stipendium f\u00FChrte ihn von 1896 bis 1899 nach Leipzig, wo er auch promovierte. Nach seiner R\u00FCckkehr nach Massachusetts lehrte er am MIT, bevor er 1905 in das Forschungslabor von General Electric in Schenectady eintrat. 1932 wurde er Direktor des Forschungsinstitutes, dem er bis zu seinem Ausscheiden 1944 vorstand. William David Coolidge entwickelte verformbare Wolframdr\u00E4hte, die als Gl\u00FChdrahtwendeln in Gl\u00FChlampen Verwendung fanden. Diese spiralf\u00F6rmigen Wolframdr\u00E4hte wurden 1913 von ihm auch in der nach ihm benannten Coolidge-R\u00F6hre, einer Gl\u00FChkathoden-Vakuumr\u00F6hre, durch die R\u00F6ntgenstrahlen freigesetzt wurden, benutzt. Diese R\u00F6hre mit reproduzierbarer Strahlung (Intensit\u00E4t und Strahlungsqualit\u00E4t) wurde der Vorl\u00E4ufer fast aller heute noch verwendeten medizinischen R\u00F6ntgenr\u00F6hren, wenn auch ihre Entwicklung dazu noch bis Mitte der 1940er-Jahre dauerte. Coolidge arbeitete w\u00E4hrend des Ersten Weltkrieges auch an zur U-Boot-Erkennung, konzentrierte seine Arbeit dann jedoch wieder auf die R\u00F6ntgentechnik, wobei er auch auf den Gebieten der Werkstoffpr\u00FCfung und Krebsbehandlung arbeitete."@de . . . . . . "William Coolidge"@cs . . . . "Faraday Medal"@en . . . "United States"@en . . . . . "\u0648\u064A\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0645 \u062F. \u0643\u0648\u0644\u064A\u062F\u063A (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: William D. Coolidge)\u200F \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0627\u0626\u064A \u0648\u0645\u062E\u062A\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0643\u064A\u0645\u064A\u0627\u0626\u064A \u0648\u0623\u0633\u062A\u0627\u0630 \u062C\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064A \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0644\u062F \u0641\u064A 23 \u0623\u0643\u062A\u0648\u0628\u0631 1873 \u0641\u064A \u0647\u0648\u062F\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629\u060C \u0648\u062A\u0648\u0641\u064A \u0641\u064A 3 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064A\u0631 1975 \u0641\u064A \u0633\u0643\u0646\u064A\u0643\u062A\u0627\u062F\u064A \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629."@ar . . "\uC70C\uB9AC\uC5C4 \uB370\uC774\uBE44\uB4DC \uCFE8\uB9AC\uC9C0(William David Coolidge, 1873\uB144 10\uC6D4 23\uC77C ~ 1975\uB144 2\uC6D4 3\uC77C)\uB294 \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC758 \uBB3C\uB9AC\uD559\uC790\uC774\uB2E4. \uB9E4\uC0AC\uCD94\uC138\uCE20\uC8FC\uC758 \uD5C8\uB4DC\uC2A8\uC5D0\uC11C \uCD9C\uC0DD\uD558\uC600\uC73C\uBA70, \uB9E4\uC0AC\uCD94\uC138\uCE20 \uACF5\uACFC\uB300\uD559\uAD50\uC640 \uB77C\uC774\uD504\uCE58\uD788 \uB300\uD559\uAD50\uB97C \uC878\uC5C5\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. 1910\uB144 \uD145\uC2A4\uD150\uC744 \uC5F0\uC131\uC73C\uB85C \uB9CC\uB4DC\uB294 \uB370 \uC131\uACF5\uD558\uC5EC \uBC31\uC5F4 \uC804\uAD6C\u00B7\uC804\uC790\uAD00\uC758 \uBC1C\uC804\uC5D0 \uAE30\uC5EC\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. 1913\uB144 \uCFE8\uB9AC\uC9C0\uAD00\uC744 \uACE0\uC548\uD558\uC5EC X\uC120\uC758 \uC5F0\uAD6C\u00B7\uC751\uC6A9\uC5D0 \uACF5\uD5CC\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. 1932\uB144\uBD80\uD130 12\uB144\uAC04 \uC81C\uB108\uB7F4 \uC77C\uB809\uD2B8\uB9AD\uC758 \uC5F0\uAD6C\uC18C\uC7A5\uC73C\uB85C \uC788\uC5C8\uB2E4."@ko . "William David Coolidge fue un f\u00EDsico estadounidense, nacido el 23 de octubre de 1873 en Hudson (Massachusetts) y fallecido 3 de febrero de 1975 en Schenectady, Nueva York.\u200B"@es . "\u0412\u0456\u043B\u044C\u044F\u043C \u0414\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0434 \u041A\u0443\u043B\u0456\u0434\u0436 ([\u02C8ku\u02D0l\u026Ad\u0292], 23 \u0436\u043E\u0432\u0442\u043D\u044F 1873 \u2014 3 \u043B\u044E\u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E 1975) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0456\u043D\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0440 \u0456 \u0444\u0456\u0437\u0438\u043A, \u044F\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0440\u043E\u0431\u0438\u0432 \u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434 \u0432 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u043E\u043A \u0440\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043C\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043D. \u041A\u0443\u043B\u0456\u0434\u0436 \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043C \u0413\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0435\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0438\u0446\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u043B\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0446\u0435-\u043F\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043C \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043F\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457."@uk . . . . "William David Coolidge (/\u02C8ku\u02D0l\u026Ad\u0292/; October 23, 1873 \u2013 February 3, 1975) was an American physicist and engineer, who made major contributions to X-ray machines. He was the director of the General Electric Research Laboratory and a vice-president of the corporation. He was also famous for the development of \"ductile tungsten\", which is important for the incandescent light bulb."@en . . . "\u0648\u064A\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0645 \u062F. \u0643\u0648\u0644\u064A\u062F\u063A (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: William D. Coolidge)\u200F \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0627\u0626\u064A \u0648\u0645\u062E\u062A\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0643\u064A\u0645\u064A\u0627\u0626\u064A \u0648\u0623\u0633\u062A\u0627\u0630 \u062C\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064A \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064A\u0643\u064A\u060C \u0648\u0644\u062F \u0641\u064A 23 \u0623\u0643\u062A\u0648\u0628\u0631 1873 \u0641\u064A \u0647\u0648\u062F\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629\u060C \u0648\u062A\u0648\u0641\u064A \u0641\u064A 3 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064A\u0631 1975 \u0641\u064A \u0633\u0643\u0646\u064A\u0643\u062A\u0627\u062F\u064A \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064A\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u062D\u062F\u0629."@ar . "William David Coolidge, n\u00E9 le 23 octobre 1873 \u00E0 Hudson dans le Massachusetts et mort le 3 f\u00E9vrier 1975 dans l'\u00C9tat de New York, est un physicien am\u00E9ricain."@fr . . . "William David Coolidge (Hudson, 23 de outubro de 1873 \u2014 Schenectady, 3 de fevereiro de 1975) foi um f\u00EDsico estadunidense respons\u00E1vel por diversos aprimoramentos no campo dos raios X e tamb\u00E9m pelo registro de muitas patentes na mesma \u00E1rea. Em 1913, enquanto trabalhava para a companhia General Electric em Schenectady, Nova Iorque, ele desenvolveu um tubo de raio X, dotado de um v\u00E1cuo em seu interior, com um \u00E2nodo de Tungst\u00EAnio que produzia raios X mais concentrados e de maior intensidade. Posteriormente \u00E0 Primeira Guerra Mundial os Tubos de Coolidge se tornaram dispon\u00EDveis nos continentes europeu e americano, promovendo uma melhoria significativa na qualidade e alcance da Radiografia. A maioria dos tubos de raio X atuais ainda s\u00E3o baseados no design desenvolvido por Coolidge."@pt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "William D. Coolidge"@en . . "William David Coolidge"@fr . "American"@en . . "William David Coolidge (23. \u0159\u00EDjna 1873 \u2013 3. \u00FAnora 1975) byl americk\u00FD fyzik a in\u017Een\u00FDr, jeho\u017E specializac\u00ED bylo rentgenov\u00E9 z\u00E1\u0159en\u00ED a rentgenov\u00E9 p\u0159\u00EDstroje. Byl \u0159editelem v\u00FDzkumn\u00FDch laborato\u0159\u00ED General Electric. Je tak\u00E9 zn\u00E1m\u00FD pro v\u00FDvoj kujn\u00E9ho wolframu co\u017E bylo d\u016Fle\u017Eit\u00E9 pro v\u00FDrobu \u017E\u00E1rovek."@cs . . . . "William Coolidge"@es . "his contributions to the incandescent electric lighting and the X-rays art"@en . . . "William David Coolidge, n\u00E9 le 23 octobre 1873 \u00E0 Hudson dans le Massachusetts et mort le 3 f\u00E9vrier 1975 dans l'\u00C9tat de New York, est un physicien am\u00E9ricain."@fr . . . "William David Coolidge was een Amerikaans natuurkundige die belangrijke bijdragen heeft geleverd in de ontwikkeling van r\u00F6ntgenbuis. Hij staat ook bekend als de uitvinder van \"buigbaar wolfraam\" als filament in gloeilampen."@nl . . . . . "Hughes Medal"@en . "William David Coolidge"@de . . "\u0412\u0456\u043B\u044C\u044F\u043C \u0414\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0434 \u041A\u0443\u043B\u0456\u0434\u0436 ([\u02C8ku\u02D0l\u026Ad\u0292], 23 \u0436\u043E\u0432\u0442\u043D\u044F 1873 \u2014 3 \u043B\u044E\u0442\u043E\u0433\u043E 1975) \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0456\u043D\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0440 \u0456 \u0444\u0456\u0437\u0438\u043A, \u044F\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0440\u043E\u0431\u0438\u0432 \u0432\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434 \u0432 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u043E\u043A \u0440\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043C\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043D. \u041A\u0443\u043B\u0456\u0434\u0436 \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043C \u0413\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0435\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0438\u0446\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u043B\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0446\u0435-\u043F\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043C \u043A\u043E\u0440\u043F\u043E\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457."@uk . . . . . "1873-10-23"^^ . . . . . . "William David Coolidge (Hudson, 23 de outubro de 1873 \u2014 Schenectady, 3 de fevereiro de 1975) foi um f\u00EDsico estadunidense respons\u00E1vel por diversos aprimoramentos no campo dos raios X e tamb\u00E9m pelo registro de muitas patentes na mesma \u00E1rea."@pt . . . . "William D. Coolidge"@en . . "William David Coolidge"@nl . . . "William David Coolidge (* 23. Oktober 1873 in Hudson (Massachusetts); \u2020 3. Februar 1975 in Schenectady, New York) war ein US-amerikanischer Physiker. Coolidge studierte am Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), wo er bereits 1896 ein R\u00F6ntgenstrahlen erzeugendes Ger\u00E4t konstruierte. Ein Stipendium f\u00FChrte ihn von 1896 bis 1899 nach Leipzig, wo er auch promovierte. Nach seiner R\u00FCckkehr nach Massachusetts lehrte er am MIT, bevor er 1905 in das Forschungslabor von General Electric in Schenectady eintrat. 1932 wurde er Direktor des Forschungsinstitutes, dem er bis zu seinem Ausscheiden 1944 vorstand."@de . . . "9078"^^ . "1107781609"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "William David Coolidge was een Amerikaans natuurkundige die belangrijke bijdragen heeft geleverd in de ontwikkeling van r\u00F6ntgenbuis. Hij staat ook bekend als de uitvinder van \"buigbaar wolfraam\" als filament in gloeilampen."@nl . . . . . . . . . . "William David Coolidge (/\u02C8ku\u02D0l\u026Ad\u0292/; October 23, 1873 \u2013 February 3, 1975) was an American physicist and engineer, who made major contributions to X-ray machines. He was the director of the General Electric Research Laboratory and a vice-president of the corporation. He was also famous for the development of \"ductile tungsten\", which is important for the incandescent light bulb."@en . . . "1975-02-03"^^ . . . "1975-02-03"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . "William David Coolidge"@pt . . "Duddell Medal and Prize"@en . "\uC70C\uB9AC\uC5C4 \uCFE8\uB9AC\uC9C0"@ko . . . "William David Coolidge (Hudson, 23 ottobre 1873 \u2013 Schenectady, 3 febbraio 1975) \u00E8 stato un fisico, ingegnere e inventore statunitense. Egli diede un contributo determinante alle apparecchiature a raggi X. Fu direttore dei laboratori di ricerca della General Electric e vice-presidente della societ\u00E0 Egli divenne famoso anche per lo sviluppo del \"tungsteno duttile\", che \u00E8 importante per le lampadine a incandescenza"@it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "William David Coolidge"@it . "William David Coolidge (23. \u0159\u00EDjna 1873 \u2013 3. \u00FAnora 1975) byl americk\u00FD fyzik a in\u017Een\u00FDr, jeho\u017E specializac\u00ED bylo rentgenov\u00E9 z\u00E1\u0159en\u00ED a rentgenov\u00E9 p\u0159\u00EDstroje. Byl \u0159editelem v\u00FDzkumn\u00FDch laborato\u0159\u00ED General Electric. Je tak\u00E9 zn\u00E1m\u00FD pro v\u00FDvoj kujn\u00E9ho wolframu co\u017E bylo d\u016Fle\u017Eit\u00E9 pro v\u00FDrobu \u017E\u00E1rovek."@cs . "2107186"^^ . . . . . "William David Coolidge, f\u00F6dd 23 oktober 1873, d\u00F6d 3 februari 1975, var en amerikansk fysiker, kemist och ingenj\u00F6r. Coolidge blev filosofie doktor vid Lehigh University 1897, vid universitetet i Leipzig 1899 samt bitr\u00E4dande professor vid Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1904. Han var fr\u00E5n 1905 anst\u00E4lld vid General Electric Company i Schenectady, och fr\u00E5n 1908 chef f\u00F6r deras f\u00F6rs\u00F6kslaboratorium. Coolidge lyckades uppfinna metoden att framst\u00E4lla b\u00F6jlig volframtr\u00E5d, n\u00E5got som kraftigt befr\u00E4mjade gl\u00F6dlampstekniken. Denna uppfinning ledde 1914 till att han tilldelades Rumfordpriset. Coolidge blev \u00E4ven v\u00E4rldsbekant f\u00F6r sin uppfinning av r\u00F6ntgenr\u00F6ret med gl\u00F6dkatod, det s\u00E5 kallade , som fick en stor anv\u00E4ndning, s\u00E4rskilt inom den medicinska radiologin."@sv . . "William David Coolidge (Hudson, 23 ottobre 1873 \u2013 Schenectady, 3 febbraio 1975) \u00E8 stato un fisico, ingegnere e inventore statunitense. Egli diede un contributo determinante alle apparecchiature a raggi X. Fu direttore dei laboratori di ricerca della General Electric e vice-presidente della societ\u00E0 Egli divenne famoso anche per lo sviluppo del \"tungsteno duttile\", che \u00E8 importante per le lampadine a incandescenza"@it . . . . . . . . . "William D. Coolidge"@en . . "\u0648\u064A\u0644\u064A\u0627\u0645 \u062F. \u0643\u0648\u0644\u064A\u062F\u063A"@ar . "William David Coolidge, f\u00F6dd 23 oktober 1873, d\u00F6d 3 februari 1975, var en amerikansk fysiker, kemist och ingenj\u00F6r. Coolidge blev filosofie doktor vid Lehigh University 1897, vid universitetet i Leipzig 1899 samt bitr\u00E4dande professor vid Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1904. Han var fr\u00E5n 1905 anst\u00E4lld vid General Electric Company i Schenectady, och fr\u00E5n 1908 chef f\u00F6r deras f\u00F6rs\u00F6kslaboratorium. Coolidge lyckades uppfinna metoden att framst\u00E4lla b\u00F6jlig volframtr\u00E5d, n\u00E5got som kraftigt befr\u00E4mjade gl\u00F6dlampstekniken. Denna uppfinning ledde 1914 till att han tilldelades Rumfordpriset. Coolidge blev \u00E4ven v\u00E4rldsbekant f\u00F6r sin uppfinning av r\u00F6ntgenr\u00F6ret med gl\u00F6dkatod, det s\u00E5 kallade , som fick en stor anv\u00E4ndning, s\u00E4rskilt inom den medicinska radiologin."@sv . . . "William David Coolidge fue un f\u00EDsico estadounidense, nacido el 23 de octubre de 1873 en Hudson (Massachusetts) y fallecido 3 de febrero de 1975 en Schenectady, Nueva York.\u200B"@es . "1873-10-23"^^ . "Schenectady, New York, U.S."@en . . . . . . . "IEEE Edison Medal"@en . "\u0412\u0456\u043B\u044C\u044F\u043C \u0414\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0434 \u041A\u0443\u043B\u0456\u0434\u0436"@uk . "\uC70C\uB9AC\uC5C4 \uB370\uC774\uBE44\uB4DC \uCFE8\uB9AC\uC9C0(William David Coolidge, 1873\uB144 10\uC6D4 23\uC77C ~ 1975\uB144 2\uC6D4 3\uC77C)\uB294 \uBBF8\uAD6D\uC758 \uBB3C\uB9AC\uD559\uC790\uC774\uB2E4. \uB9E4\uC0AC\uCD94\uC138\uCE20\uC8FC\uC758 \uD5C8\uB4DC\uC2A8\uC5D0\uC11C \uCD9C\uC0DD\uD558\uC600\uC73C\uBA70, \uB9E4\uC0AC\uCD94\uC138\uCE20 \uACF5\uACFC\uB300\uD559\uAD50\uC640 \uB77C\uC774\uD504\uCE58\uD788 \uB300\uD559\uAD50\uB97C \uC878\uC5C5\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. 1910\uB144 \uD145\uC2A4\uD150\uC744 \uC5F0\uC131\uC73C\uB85C \uB9CC\uB4DC\uB294 \uB370 \uC131\uACF5\uD558\uC5EC \uBC31\uC5F4 \uC804\uAD6C\u00B7\uC804\uC790\uAD00\uC758 \uBC1C\uC804\uC5D0 \uAE30\uC5EC\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. 1913\uB144 \uCFE8\uB9AC\uC9C0\uAD00\uC744 \uACE0\uC548\uD558\uC5EC X\uC120\uC758 \uC5F0\uAD6C\u00B7\uC751\uC6A9\uC5D0 \uACF5\uD5CC\uD558\uC600\uB2E4. 1932\uB144\uBD80\uD130 12\uB144\uAC04 \uC81C\uB108\uB7F4 \uC77C\uB809\uD2B8\uB9AD\uC758 \uC5F0\uAD6C\uC18C\uC7A5\uC73C\uB85C \uC788\uC5C8\uB2E4."@ko . "Hudson, Massachusetts, U.S."@en . . . . "William David Coolidge"@sv . .