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dbpedia:THE_multiprogramming_system rdf:type ns5:OperatingSystems ;
dbpprop:name "THE multiprogramming system"@en .
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dbpedia:THE_multiprogramming_system owl:sameAs .
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dbpedia:THE_multiprogramming_system rdfs:label "THE\u30DE\u30EB\u30C1\u30D7\u30ED\u30B0\u30E9\u30DF\u30F3\u30B0\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0"@ja ,
"THE Operating system"@fr ,
"Sistema Operativo THE"@it ,
"THE multiprogramming system"@en ,
"THE (k\u00E4ytt\u00F6j\u00E4rjestelm\u00E4)"@fi ,
"THE (sistema operacional)"@pt ;
dbpprop:abstract "The THE multiprogramming system was a computer operating system designed by a team led by Edsger W. Dijkstra, described in monographs in 1965-66 and published in 1968. Dijkstra never named the system; \"THE\" is simply the abbreviation of \"Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven\", then the name of the Eindhoven University of Technology of the Netherlands. The THE system was primarily a batch system that supported multitasking; it was not designed as a multi-user operating system. It was much like the SDS 940, but \"the set of processes in the THE system was static. \" The THE system apparently introduced the first forms of software-based memory segmentation, freeing programmers from being forced to use actual physical locations on the drum memory. It did this by using a modified ALGOL compiler (the only programming language supported by Dijkstra's system) to \"automatically generate calls to system routines, which made sure the requested information was in memory, swapping if necessary.\""@en ,
"THE oli Alankomaissa Eindhovenin teknillisess\u00E4 yliopistossa (aikoinaan teknillinen korkeakoulu, Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven, josta nimi THE) oppilaitoksen omaan k\u00E4ytt\u00F6\u00F6n 1960-luvun loppupuolella kehitetty k\u00E4ytt\u00F6j\u00E4rjestelm\u00E4. Se oli ensisijaisesti er\u00E4ajok\u00E4ytt\u00F6j\u00E4rjestelm\u00E4, jonka ominaisuuksiin kuuluivat my\u00F6s moniajo, muistin segmentointi ja j\u00E4rjestelm\u00E4n kerrosrakenne. THE-hanketta veti tunnettu tietojenk\u00E4sittelytieteilij\u00E4 professori Edsger Dijkstra, ja j\u00E4rjestelm\u00E4 toteutettiin alankomaalaiselle Electrologica X8 -tietokoneelle."@fi ,
"Il THE fu il primo sistema operativo progettato a strati e venne realizzato alla Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven nei Paesi Bassi da Edsger Dijkstra e dai suoi studenti. Il sistema THE era un semplice sistema batch per un computer olandese, l'Electrologica X8, che aveva 32 K di parole a 27 bit. Il sistema fu notato principalmente per il suo progetto semplice e lineare, soprattutto per la sua struttura a livelli, e per l\u2019uso di un gruppo di processi concorrenti che impiegavano semafori per la sincronizzazione. Il sistema operativo stesso fu creato come un insieme di processi tra loro cooperanti. Inoltre, furono creati cinque processi utente che servivano come agenti attivi per compilare, eseguire e stampare i programmi utente. Quando un job veniva concluso, il processo ritornava alla coda di input per selezionare un altro job. Questo sistema utilizzava un algoritmo di schedulazione della CPU basato sulle priorit\u00E0, che venivano ricalcolate ogni 2 secondi ed erano inversamente proporzionali al tempo in cui la CPU era stata usata recentemente (negli ultimi 8-10 secondi). Questo schema dava maggiore importanza ai processi I/O bound e a quelli nuovi. La gestione della memoria era limitata dalla mancanza di supporto hardware. Tuttavia, dato che il sistema era limitato e i programmi potevano essere scritti solo in ALGOL, veniva usato un sistema di paginazione software. Il compilatore ALGOL generava automaticamente chiamate alle routine di sistema, che assicuravano la presenza in memoria delle informazioni richieste, usando lo swapping, se necessario. Il dispositivo di immagazzinamento dei dati era una memoria a tamburo di 512 KB parole. Veniva utilizzata una pagina di 512 parole, con una strategia di sostituzione di pagina LRU. Un\u2019altra delle caratteristiche principali del sistema THE era il controllo degli stalli. Per evitare che si verificassero stalli, veniva usato l'algoritmo del banchiere."@it ,
"THE\u30DE\u30EB\u30C1\u30D7\u30ED\u30B0\u30E9\u30DF\u30F3\u30B0\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0\uFF08THE multiprogramming system\u3001THE\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30A8\u30C9\u30AC\u30FC\u30FB\u30C0\u30A4\u30AF\u30B9\u30C8\u30E9\u3089\u304C\u958B\u767A\u3057\u305F\u521D\u671F\u306E\u30DE\u30EB\u30C1\u30BF\u30B9\u30AF\u30AA\u30DA\u30EC\u30FC\u30C6\u30A3\u30F3\u30B0\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0\uFF08\u30DE\u30EB\u30C1\u30E6\u30FC\u30B6\u30FC\u3067\u306F\u306A\u3044\uFF09\u30021965\u5E74\u304B\u308966\u5E74\u306B\u8A2D\u8A08\u3055\u308C\u30011968\u5E74\u306B\u8AD6\u6587\u3068\u3057\u3066\u767A\u8868\u3055\u308C\u305F\u3002"@ja ,
"Le syst\u00E8me THE, cr\u00E9\u00E9 \u00E0 l'universit\u00E9 d'Eindhoven sous la houlette d'Edsger Dijkstra, a repr\u00E9sent\u00E9 une premi\u00E8re tentative de cr\u00E9er un syst\u00E8me d'exploitation con\u00E7u sur des superpositions de niveaux d'abstraction nettement s\u00E9par\u00E9s. Par exemple le premier niveau d'abstraction consistait \u00E0 masquer les interruptions de l'horloge, afin que les niveaux sup\u00E9rieurs n'aient plus \u00E0 s'en pr\u00E9occuper. Dijkstra explique dans son article que celle-ci \u00E9tait si bien masqu\u00E9e que les programmeurs du syst\u00E8me avaient fini par oublier jusqu'\u00E0 son existence et s'interrogeaient sur la fa\u00E7on de chronom\u00E9trer des op\u00E9rations internes."@fr ,
"THE \u00E9 um sistema operacional desenvolvido por um time liderado por Edsger Dijkstra, descrito em monografia entre 1965 e 1966 e publicado em 1968. Dijkstra nunca nomeou o sistema; \"THE\" \u00E9 simplesmente a abrevia\u00E7\u00E3o de \"Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven\", o nome em neerland\u00EAs da Universidade de Tecnologia de Eindhoven, nos Pa\u00EDses Baixos. O sistema THE \u00E9 basicamente um sistema batch que suporta multitarefa; n\u00E3o foi desenvolvido para se multiusu\u00E1rio. Ele introduziu as primeiras formas de segmenta\u00E7\u00E3o de mem\u00F3ria baseada em software, livrando os programadores de serem for\u00E7ados a usar localiza\u00E7\u00F5es f\u00EDsicas na mem\u00F3ria. Isso foi feito atrav\u00E9s de um compilador ALGOL modificado (a \u00FAnica linguagem suportada no sistema operacional) para gerar automaticamente chamadas \u00E0s rotinas do sistema. A arquitetura do THE \u00E9 significativa devido ao seu uso de estruturas por camadas, no qual as camadas superiores dependem somente das camadas inferiores: A camada 0 \u00E9 respons\u00E1vel pelos aspectos de multiprograma\u00E7\u00E3o do sistema. Ela decide qual processo \u00E9 alocado na CPU, lida com interrup\u00E7\u00F5es e realiza a troca de contexto para a mudan\u00E7a de processos. A camada 1 \u00E9 respons\u00E1vel pela aloca\u00E7\u00E3o de mem\u00F3ria para os processos. A camada 2 \u00E9 respons\u00E1vel pela comunica\u00E7\u00E3o entre processos e pela comunica\u00E7\u00E3o entre o sistema operacional e o interpretador de comandos. O sistema usa sem\u00E1foros para sincroniza\u00E7\u00E3o. A camada 3 gerencia toda a Entrada/Sa\u00EDda entre dispositivos conectados ao computador, o que inclui armazenar temporariamente as informa\u00E7\u00F5es sendo comunicadas. A camada 4 consiste dos programas do usu\u00E1rio. Existem cinco processos que lidam com a compila\u00E7\u00E3o, execu\u00E7\u00E3o e intera\u00E7\u00E3o dos programas. A camada 5 tinha controle geral do sistema, chamada operador de sistema. A divis\u00E3o do kernel em camadas era similar ao que modelo em anel do Multics. V\u00E1rios sistemas operacionais seguintes usaram o conceito de camadas de alguma forma, como o Windows NT e o Mac OS X, ainda que com menos camadas."@pt ;
rdfs:comment "THE\u30DE\u30EB\u30C1\u30D7\u30ED\u30B0\u30E9\u30DF\u30F3\u30B0\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0\uFF08THE multiprogramming system\u3001THE\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30A8\u30C9\u30AC\u30FC\u30FB\u30C0\u30A4\u30AF\u30B9\u30C8\u30E9\u3089\u304C\u958B\u767A\u3057\u305F\u521D\u671F\u306E\u30DE\u30EB\u30C1\u30BF\u30B9\u30AF\u30AA\u30DA\u30EC\u30FC\u30C6\u30A3\u30F3\u30B0\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0\uFF08\u30DE\u30EB\u30C1\u30E6\u30FC\u30B6\u30FC\u3067\u306F\u306A\u3044\uFF09\u30021965\u5E74\u304B\u308966\u5E74\u306B\u8A2D\u8A08\u3055\u308C\u30011968\u5E74\u306B\u8AD6\u6587\u3068\u3057\u3066\u767A\u8868\u3055\u308C\u305F\u3002"@ja ,
"The THE multiprogramming system was a computer operating system designed by a team led by Edsger W. Dijkstra, described in monographs in 1965-66 and published in 1968. Dijkstra never named the system; \"THE\" is simply the abbreviation of \"Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven\", then the name of the Eindhoven University of Technology of the Netherlands. The THE system was primarily a batch system that supported multitasking; it was not designed as a multi-user operating system."@en ,
"Il THE fu il primo sistema operativo progettato a strati e venne realizzato alla Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven nei Paesi Bassi da Edsger Dijkstra e dai suoi studenti. Il sistema THE era un semplice sistema batch per un computer olandese, l'Electrologica X8, che aveva 32 K di parole a 27 bit."@it ,
"Le syst\u00E8me THE, cr\u00E9\u00E9 \u00E0 l'universit\u00E9 d'Eindhoven sous la houlette d'Edsger Dijkstra, a repr\u00E9sent\u00E9 une premi\u00E8re tentative de cr\u00E9er un syst\u00E8me d'exploitation con\u00E7u sur des superpositions de niveaux d'abstraction nettement s\u00E9par\u00E9s. Par exemple le premier niveau d'abstraction consistait \u00E0 masquer les interruptions de l'horloge, afin que les niveaux sup\u00E9rieurs n'aient plus \u00E0 s'en pr\u00E9occuper."@fr ,
"THE oli Alankomaissa Eindhovenin teknillisess\u00E4 yliopistossa (aikoinaan teknillinen korkeakoulu, Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven, josta nimi THE) oppilaitoksen omaan k\u00E4ytt\u00F6\u00F6n 1960-luvun loppupuolella kehitetty k\u00E4ytt\u00F6j\u00E4rjestelm\u00E4. Se oli ensisijaisesti er\u00E4ajok\u00E4ytt\u00F6j\u00E4rjestelm\u00E4, jonka ominaisuuksiin kuuluivat my\u00F6s moniajo, muistin segmentointi ja j\u00E4rjestelm\u00E4n kerrosrakenne."@fi ,
"THE \u00E9 um sistema operacional desenvolvido por um time liderado por Edsger Dijkstra, descrito em monografia entre 1965 e 1966 e publicado em 1968. Dijkstra nunca nomeou o sistema; \"THE\" \u00E9 simplesmente a abrevia\u00E7\u00E3o de \"Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven\", o nome em neerland\u00EAs da Universidade de Tecnologia de Eindhoven, nos Pa\u00EDses Baixos. O sistema THE \u00E9 basicamente um sistema batch que suporta multitarefa; n\u00E3o foi desenvolvido para se multiusu\u00E1rio."@pt .
@prefix skos: .
@prefix ns11: .
dbpedia:THE_multiprogramming_system skos:subject ns11:Discontinued_operating_systems .
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dbpedia:THE_multiprogramming_system dbpprop:wikiPageUsesTemplate ns12:infobox_os ;
dbpprop:developer dbpedia:Edsger_Dijkstra ,
dbpedia:Eindhoven_University_of_Technology ;
dbpprop:workingState "Historic"@en ;
dbpprop:programmedIn dbpedia:Assembly_language ;
dbpprop:progLanguage dbpedia:ALGOL ;
dbpprop:released 1968 ;
dbpprop:supportedPlatforms dbpedia:Electrologica_X8 .
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dbpedia:THE_operating_system dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:THE_multiprogramming_system .
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