@prefix ns0: .
@prefix dbpedia: .
dbpedia:South_Coast_AVA ns0:growingGrape dbpedia:Symphony .
@prefix dbpedia-owl: .
dbpedia:South_Coast_AVA dbpedia-owl:growingGrape dbpedia:Symphony .
@prefix dbpprop: .
dbpedia:South_Coast_AVA dbpprop:grapes dbpedia:Symphony .
dbpedia:Malcolm_Arnold dbpprop:shortDescription dbpedia:Symphony .
dbpedia:Hawaii_wine ns0:growingGrape dbpedia:Symphony ;
dbpedia-owl:growingGrape dbpedia:Symphony .
dbpedia:Vladimir_Cosma dbpedia-owl:genre dbpedia:Symphony .
@prefix ns4: .
dbpedia:Vladimir_Cosma ns4:genre dbpedia:Symphony ;
dbpprop:genre dbpedia:Symphony .
dbpedia:Maryland_wine ns0:growingGrape dbpedia:Symphony ;
dbpedia-owl:growingGrape dbpedia:Symphony ;
dbpprop:grapes dbpedia:Symphony .
dbpedia:Kathleen_Butler-Hopkins dbpprop:field dbpedia:Symphony .
@prefix rdf: .
@prefix opencyc: .
dbpedia:Symphony rdf:type opencyc:Mx4rwSmVfJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA ,
opencyc:Mx4rvcNktpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA .
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dbpedia:Symphony owl:sameAs opencyc:Mx4rv5FimZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA ,
.
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dbpedia:Symphony owl:sameAs ns8:Mx4rv5FimZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA .
@prefix foaf: .
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dbpedia:Symphony foaf:page ns10:Symphony ;
dbpprop:reference ,
.
@prefix ns11: .
dbpedia:Symphony dbpprop:reference ns11:symphonistes_k-o ,
ns11:symphonistes_a-d ,
ns11:symphonistes_e-j ,
ns11:symphonistes_p-z .
@prefix rdfs: .
dbpedia:Symphony rdfs:label "Senfoni"@tr ,
"Sinfonia"@fi ,
"Symfoni"@no ,
"Sinfonia"@pt ,
"\u4EA4\u97FF\u66F2"@ja ,
"Szimf\u00F3nia"@hu ,
"Sinfonie"@de ,
"\u4EA4\u97FF\u66F2"@zh ,
"Symfonia"@pl ,
"Simfonie"@ro ,
"\u0421\u0438\u043C\u0444\u043E\u043D\u0438\u044F"@ru ,
"Sinfonia"@it ,
"Symphonie"@fr ,
"Symphony"@en ,
"Symfonie"@nl ,
"Symfonie"@cs ,
"\u0421\u0438\u043C\u0444\u043E\u043D\u0456\u044F"@uk ,
"Sinfon\u00EDa"@es ,
"Simfonia"@ca ,
"Symfoni"@sv ;
dbpprop:abstract "\u0421\u0438\u043C\u0444\u043E\u0301\u043D\u0456\u044F (\u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0433\u0440\u0435\u0446. \u03C3\u03C5\u03BC\u03C6\u03BF\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1 \u2014 \u00AB\u0441\u043F\u0456\u0432\u0437\u0432\u0443\u0447\u0447\u044F\u00BB) \u2014 \u0442\u0432\u0456\u0440 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043E\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443, \u0449\u043E \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0437 \u0434\u0435\u043A\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043D. \u0421\u0438\u043C\u0444\u043E\u043D\u0456\u044F \u2014 \u043D\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u0448\u0430 \u043C\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0430 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043E\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0457 \u043C\u0443\u0437\u0438\u043A\u0438."@uk ,
"Sinfonia nykymerkityksess\u00E4\u00E4n on laaja orkesteris\u00E4vellys. Sinfonia-termi\u00E4 k\u00E4ytettiin barokkikautena mist\u00E4 tahansa soittimille s\u00E4velletyst\u00E4 musiikista, mutta nykyinen sinfonia sai alkunsa 1700-luvun alussa. Sinfonia on ollut yksi merkitt\u00E4vimpi\u00E4 taidemusiikin s\u00E4vellysmuotoja wienil\u00E4isklassismin ajoista alkaen. T\u00E4m\u00E4n takia monien barokin j\u00E4lkeen tulleiden huippus\u00E4velt\u00E4jien p\u00E4\u00E4teokset ovatkin juuri sinfonioita."@fi ,
"Gatunek muzyczny o nazwie symfonia (w klasycznym kszta\u0142cie) to zazwyczaj trzy- lub czterocz\u0119\u015Bciowy utw\u00F3r muzyczny na orkiestr\u0119, popularny w XVIII, XIX i w pierwszej po\u0142owie XX wieku. Symfonia jest orkiestrowym odpowiednikiem sonaty. Uk\u0142ad cz\u0119\u015Bci symfonii klasycznej: pierwsza: szybka - allegro sonatowe; druga: wolna - w formie wariacji lub pie\u015Bni; trzecia: taneczna lub bardzo szybka - menuet, lub scherzo; czwarta: szybka - rondo, wariacje lub allegro sonatowe. Jednak w XIX wieku form\u0119 zacz\u0119to traktowa\u0107 bardziej swobodnie i wielu kompozytor\u00F3w modyfikowa\u0142o podany schemat (np. Franz Schubert w dwucz\u0119\u015Bciowej VII symfonii, Hector Berlioz w Symfonii fantastycznej, Gustav Mahler w wi\u0119kszo\u015Bci swoich dzie\u0142). Form\u0105 pokrewn\u0105 symfonii jest sonata i koncert. Najwi\u0119kszy wp\u0142yw na rozw\u00F3j gatunku mieli: Franz Joseph Haydn - ponad 104 symfonie Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart - 41 symfonii (napisa\u0142 68 - jednak wiele ocala\u0142o tylko we fragmentach) Ludwig van Beethoven - 9 symfonii Franz Schubert - 8 symfonii (VII Niedoko\u0144czona, VIII Wielka) Robert Schumann - 4 symfonie (I Wiosenna, III Re\u0144ska) Feliks Mendelssohn - 5 symfonii oraz 10 symfonii kameralnych Hector Berlioz - kilka utwor\u00F3w o charakterze symfonii programowych, w tym Symfonia fantastyczna i Harold w Italii (z solow\u0105 parti\u0105 alt\u00F3wki) Antonin Dworzak - 9 symfonii (IX Z Nowego \u015Awiata) Johannes Brahms - 4 symfonie Piotr Czajkowski - 6 symfonii (I Zimowe Marzenia, II Polska, III Ma\u0142orosyjska, V Wielka, VI Patetyczna) Anton Bruckner - 11 symfonii (symfonia \"0\" - nullte - niedoko\u0144czona, symfonia \"00\" - szkice) Gustav Mahler - 11 symfonii (I Tytan, VIII Symfonia Tysi\u0105ca, Pie\u015B\u0144 o ziemi) Karol Szymanowski - 4 symfonie Jean Sibelius - 7 symfonii Siergiej Rachmaninow - 3 symfonie (oraz symfonia m\u0142odzie\u0144cza) Carl Nielsen - 6 symfonii Igor Strawi\u0144ski - 5 symfonii Sergiusz Prokofiew - 7 symfonii Dymitr Szostakowicz - 15 symfonii (oraz kilka symfonii kameralnych - aran\u017Cacji kwartet\u00F3w smyczkowych na orkiestr\u0119 smyczkow\u0105) Ralph Vaughan Williams - 9 symfonii Charles Ives - 4 symfonie Witold Lutos\u0142awski - 4 symfonie Krzysztof Penderecki - 7 symfonii Boles\u0142aw Szabelski - 5 symfonii Henryk Miko\u0142aj G\u00F3recki - 3 symfonie Eduard Tubin - 10 symfonii (XI - niedoko\u0144czona) Ponadto sw\u00F3j wk\u0142ad w rozw\u00F3j gatunku pojedynczymi utworami w\u0142o\u017Cyli: Georges Bizet, Camille Saint-Sa\u00EBns, Aleksandr Borodin, Niko\u0142aj Rimski-Korsakow, C\u00E9sar Franck, Ernest Chausson, Vincent d'Indy, Edward Elgar, Benjamin Britten, William Walton, Aram Chaczaturian i inni. Symfonia jest to reprezentatywny gatunek muzyki orkiestrowej. Mo\u017Cna j\u0105 te\u017C uzna\u0107 za sonat\u0119 na orkiestr\u0119. Ukszta\u0142towanie si\u0119 symfonii mia\u0142o miejsce w po\u0142owie XVIII w."@pl ,
"En symfoni \u00E4r vanligtvis ett stort upplagt verk f\u00F6r symfoniorkester. Begreppet b\u00F6rjade anv\u00E4ndas i denna betydelse p\u00E5 1700-talet. Fram till 1900-talet bestod symfonin oftast av fyra satser i ordningsf\u00F6ljden snabb sats, l\u00E5ngsam sats, menuett eller scherzo och sist en snabb final. Sonatform kallas den form som f\u00F6rsta satsen av en traditionell symfoni alltid \u00E4r byggd p\u00E5. \u00C4ven andra satsen och finalen kan ha sonatform. Nutida symfonier styrs inte av n\u00E5gra formella regler utan kan ha valfritt antal satser, vanligast \u00E4r en till fyra. M\u00E5nga symfonier saknar namn och heter enbart t ex \"Symfoni nr 2\", men p\u00E5 1900-talet blev det vanligt att ge symfonier beskrivande titlar, n\u00E5got som dock f\u00F6rekom sparsamt \u00E4ven tidigare (bl a Beethovens \"Pastoralsymfoni\"). En symfoni med korta satser kallas f\u00F6r sinfonietta, 'liten symfoni'."@sv ,
"\u4EA4\u97FF\u66F2\u662F\u5305\u542B\u591A\u500B\u4E50\u7AE0\u7684\u5927\u578B\u7BA1\u5F26\u4E50\u66F2\u3002"@zh ,
"A symphony is a musical composition, often extended and usually for orchestra. \"Symphony\" does not imply a specific form. Many symphonies are tonal works in four movements with the first in sonata form, and this is often described by music theorists as the structure of a \"classical\" symphony, although many symphonies by the acknowledged classical masters of the form, Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven, do not conform to this model."@en ,
"\u0421\u0438\u043C\u0444\u043E\u0301\u043D\u0438\u044F (\u043E\u0442 \u0433\u0440\u0435\u0447. \u03C3\u03C5\u03BC\u03C6\u03C9\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1 \u2014 \u00AB\u0441\u043E\u0437\u0432\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0435\u00BB) \u2014 \u0436\u0430\u043D\u0440 \u0441\u0438\u043C\u0444\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043C\u0443\u0437\u044B\u043A\u0438 \u043C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043A\u0430\u043D\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u044B \u0444\u0443\u043D\u0434\u0430\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0437\u0437\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F."@ru ,
"Una sinfon\u00EDa es una obra para orquesta, de ordinario dividida en cuatro movimientos, cada uno con un tiempo y estructura diferente. La forma de la sinfon\u00EDa ha variado con el tiempo. El tama\u00F1o de la orquesta necesaria para interpretar una sinfon\u00EDa, en general, ha crecido con el tiempo: mientras una orquesta de c\u00E1mara con un par de docenas de instrumentos es suficiente para interpretar una sinfon\u00EDa de Joseph Haydn, una de Gustav Mahler puede requerir varios centenares de int\u00E9rpretes. La sinfon\u00EDa probablemente alcanz\u00F3 su madurez con Ludwig van Beethoven. Sus sinfon\u00EDas sol\u00EDan tener un primer movimiento Allegro de forma sonata, un movimiento lento (a veces en forma de tema y variaciones), un movimiento con ritmo ternario, para finalizar con otro movimiento r\u00E1pido. Existen sinfon\u00EDas con un \u00FAltimo movimiento escrito como forma sonata). A pesar de que hasta ese momento las sinfon\u00EDas eran obras puramente orquestales, la \u00FAltima sinfon\u00EDa de Beethoven, su Novena Sinfon\u00EDa concluye con un movimiento para orquesta, coro y solistas. Gustav Mahler incluir\u00EDa frecuentemente coros y solistas en sus sinfon\u00EDas."@es ,
"\u4EA4\u97FF\u66F2\uFF08\u3053\u3046\u304D\u3087\u3046\u304D\u3087\u304F\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u4E3B\u306B\u7BA1\u5F26\u697D\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6F14\u594F\u3055\u308C\u308B\u591A\u697D\u7AE0\u304B\u3089\u306A\u308B\u5927\u898F\u6A21\u306A\u697D\u66F2\u3002\u30B7\u30F3\u30D5\u30A9\u30CB\u30FC\uFF08\u82F1\uFF1Asymphony\u3001\u72EC\uFF1ASinfonie, Symphonie\uFF09\u3001\u30B7\u30F3\u30D5\u30A9\u30CB\u30A2\uFF08\u4F0A\uFF1Asinfonia\uFF09\u3068\u3082\u547C\u3070\u308C\u300C\u7BA1\u5F26\u697D\u306E\u305F\u3081\u306E\u30BD\u30CA\u30BF\u300D\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u539F\u5247\u3068\u3057\u30664\u3064\u7A0B\u5EA6\u306E\u697D\u7AE0\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u69CB\u6210\u3055\u308C\u3001\u305D\u306E\u3046\u3061\u306E\u5C11\u306A\u304F\u3068\u30821\u3064\u306E\u697D\u7AE0\u304C\u30BD\u30CA\u30BF\u5F62\u5F0F\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u5B9A\u7FA9\u3067\u3042\u308B\u304C\u3001\u7279\u306B\u8FD1\u73FE\u4EE3\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u306F\u3001\u4F8B\u5916\u3082\u591A\u3044\u3002 \u306A\u304A\u3001\u300E\u4EA4\u97FF\u66F2\u300F\u306F\u300E\u4EA4\u97FF\u697D\u300F\u3068\u3082\u3044\u3046\u304C\u3001\u3069\u3061\u3089\u3082\u30C9\u30A4\u30C4\u7559\u5B66\u7D4C\u9A13\u306E\u3042\u308B\u68EE\u9D0E\u5916\u306B\u3088\u308B\u8A33\u8A9E\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja ,
"Una simfonia \u00E9s \u2013en el seu sentit m\u00E9s habitual i extens- una pe\u00E7a musical, m\u00E9s aviat extensa, normalment composta per a ser interpretada per una orquestra i que compr\u00E8n diversos moviments. Simfonia no es refereix a una forma musical espec\u00EDfica (tot i que no s\u00F3n pas pocs els autors que encara la consideren una forma musical) sin\u00F3 un g\u00E8nere de la m\u00FAsica orquestral per a ser escoltada preferentment a la sala de concerts. En aquest sentit, la simfonia \u00E9s un invent de la societat de la segona meitat del segle XVIII, en ple classicisme musical, que respon a un pla tonal preestablerts que admet una certa flexibilitat controlada, en la creaci\u00F3 del qual va tenir un paper destacat Joseph Haydn De totes maneres, aquest concepte, que \u00E9s el m\u00E9s habitual des de la segona meitat del segle XVIII fins a l'actualitat, no \u00E9s l\u2019\u00FAnic que aquest mot ha tingut. Cal afegir-hi aquests, si m\u00E9s no: A l\u2019antiga Gr\u00E8cia, el mot significava un interval consonant. A l'edat mitjana aquest mateix concepte (amb grafies diverses) de concordan\u00E7a fa que el mot denomini l'un\u00EDson. El mot castell\u00E0 zanfona deriva d'aquest en refer\u00E8ncia a aquest instrument. Tamb\u00E9 a l'edat mitjana el mot d\u00F3na nom a un instrument de la fam\u00EDlia de la viola de roda. Durant els segles XVII i XVIII, la simfonia era la composici\u00F3 instrumental que es col\u00B7locava al comen\u00E7ament d'una \u00F2pera, d'un oratori o d'altres composicions en g\u00E8neres afins. Posteriorment aix\u00F2 rebria el nom d'obertura."@ca ,
"A szimf\u00F3nia a g\u00F6r\u00F6g symphonia (sz\u00FCnfon\u00E9, sz\u00FCnfonia = egy\u00FCtthangz\u00E1s, \u00F6sszhang), ill. olasz sinfonia, ill. n\u00E9met Symphonie szavakb\u00F3l sz\u00E1rmazik."@hu ,
"Een symfonie is een muziekstuk dat door een aantal instrumenten tegelijk wordt gespeeld. Als er \u00E9\u00E9n solo-instrument of een groepje duidelijke solo-instrumenten is, heet het werk een concert of een concerto grosso."@nl ,
"Une symphonie est une composition instrumentale savante, de proportions g\u00E9n\u00E9ralement vastes, comprenant plusieurs mouvements joints ou disjoints, et faisant appel aux ressources de l'orchestre symphonique. Dans l\u2019histoire de la musique occidentale, l\u2019ensemble des \u0153uvres d\u00E9nomm\u00E9es symphonies, qualifi\u00E9es de symphoniques ou qui auraient m\u00E9rit\u00E9 de l\u2019\u00EAtre, repr\u00E9sente un volume de musique plusieurs fois sup\u00E9rieur \u00E0 tout le reste de la production \u00E9crite \u2013 et dont la \u00AB symphonie \u00BB proprement dite, au sens o\u00F9 l\u2019entendent les trait\u00E9s, ne constitue qu\u2019une faible partie. Le mot lui-m\u00EAme, directement emprunt\u00E9 au grec, appara\u00EEt vers le XVI si\u00E8cle dans le vocabulaire musical des principales nations europ\u00E9ennes. \u00C0 l\u2019origine, pris dans son sens \u00E9tymologique, il est presque synonyme de \u00AB musique \u00BB et peut d\u00E9signer indiff\u00E9remment n\u2019importe quelle sorte de composition, \u00E0 l\u2019exception, sans doute, de la monodie pure. Tr\u00E8s t\u00F4t, cependant, l\u2019usage tend \u00E0 limiter son application \u00E0 la musique instrumentale \u2013 par opposition \u00E0 la musique vocale \u2013 et plus sp\u00E9cialement \u00E0 la musique d\u2019ensemble. Puis, peu \u00E0 peu, il en vient \u00E0 d\u00E9signer un certain genre d\u2019\u00E9criture et un certain type de concert, et enfin une forme particuli\u00E8re d\u2019\u0153uvre pour orchestre, assez rigoureusement d\u00E9finie, dont Haydn, Mozart et Beethoven donnent des illustrations magistrales. Mais d\u00E9j\u00E0 prend naissance, d\u00E8s les premi\u00E8res ann\u00E9es du XIX si\u00E8cle, une tradition symphonique qui s\u2019\u00E9loignera de plus en plus du mod\u00E8le classique. C\u2019est \u00E0 peine si l\u2019on peut encore parler de forme \u00E0 propos de la symphonie, qui ne cesse d\u2019\u00E9voluer, enrichissant sa palette et modifiant sa syntaxe au point d\u2019en faire \u00E9clater les structures. Aujourd\u2019hui, la p\u00E2te symphonique, nourriture quotidienne de tous les orchestres du monde entier, d\u00E9passe largement le cadre de la symphonie. Toutefois, \u00E0 travers toutes ces m\u00E9tamorphoses, demeure comme une donn\u00E9e permanente un certain esprit de recherche qui est l\u2019esprit m\u00EAme de la symphonie. Provenant \u00E9tymologiquement du grec syn, signifiant avec et phon\u00E9, signifiant son, le terme fait r\u00E9f\u00E9rence \u00E0 la consonance des sons. Au Moyen \u00C2ge, la chifonie (ou chifoine) d\u00E9signe un instrument, anc\u00EAtre de la vielle \u00E0 roue. Au d\u00E9but du XVI si\u00E8cle, le terme s'\u00E9tend aux \u0153uvres polyphoniques destin\u00E9es aux instruments, puis s'applique \u00E0 toutes compositions instrumentales par opposition \u00E0 la musique vocale. Ce n'est que dans le deuxi\u00E8me tiers du XVIII si\u00E8cle, en pleine p\u00E9riode de classicisme que le genre est fix\u00E9 dans son acception actuelle."@fr ,
"Die Sinfonie oder Symphonie ist eine seit Beginn des 17. Jahrhunderts gebr\u00E4uchliche Bezeichnung f\u00FCr Instrumentalwerke von \u00FCber die Jahrhunderte wechselnder Form und Besetzung. Nach klassischem Verst\u00E4ndnis handelt es sich dabei um ein aus mehreren (in der Regel vier) S\u00E4tzen bestehendes St\u00FCck f\u00FCr Orchester ohne Solisten. Seit der 9. Sinfonie von Ludwig van Beethoven ist auch der Einsatz von Gesangstimmen gebr\u00E4uchlich, ohne jedoch die dominierende Funktion des Orchesters aufzugeben."@de ,
"Il termine Sinfonia (dal greco \u03C3\u03CD\u03BD = con, insieme, e \u03C6\u03C9\u03BD\u03AE = suono) ha avuto, nella storia della musica, vari significati; in particolare ha indicato diverse forme musicali. L'accezione pi\u00F9 comune della parola deriva dall'uso tardo settecentesco del classicismo viennese e della scuola di Mannheim, secondo il quale la Sinfonia \u00E8 un brano orchestrale composto di pi\u00F9 movimenti, di proporzioni abbastanza ampie e articolati secondo procedimenti formali ben precisi."@it ,
"Sinfonia \u00E9 uma palavra de origem italiana e tem conota\u00E7\u00F5es que v\u00E3o al\u00E9m do seu significado mais divulgado e conhecido, consolidado a partir do classicismo e que se refere a uma pe\u00E7a para orquestra constru\u00EDda na forma-sonata."@pt ,
"En symfoni er en musikalsk komposisjon for orkester i flere satser. Ordet stammer fra gresk syn (sammen) og fon (lyd)."@no ,
"Senfoni, genellikle orkestralar i\u00E7in bestelenmi\u015F ve uzun olan m\u00FCzik yap\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. \"Senfoni\" belirli bir bi\u00E7imi ifade etmez. Her ne kadar \u00E7o\u011Fu senfoni, ilki sonat bi\u00E7iminde olan d\u00F6rt b\u00F6l\u00FCmden olu\u015Fan titremsel (tonal) \u00E7al\u0131\u015Fmalardan olsa ve m\u00FCzik kuramc\u0131lar\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131kla \"klasik\" senfoninin yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 b\u00F6yle tan\u0131mlasa da, bu bi\u00E7imin klasik ustalar\u0131 kabul edilen Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart ve Ludwig van Beethoven'\u0131n besteledi\u011Fi baz\u0131 senfoniler bile bu kal\u0131ba uymaz. Senfoni, bir klasik d\u00F6nem (1700 - 1850) \u00FCr\u00FCn\u00FCd\u00FCr. Klasik d\u00F6nem \u00F6ncesi baz\u0131 yap\u0131tlara da senfoni ad\u0131 verilse de, ilk ger\u00E7ek senfoniler klasik d\u00F6nemde ortaya \u00E7\u0131km\u0131\u015Ft\u0131r. Barok d\u00F6nem ve \u00F6ncesinde senfoni (sinfonia), koral eserlerin ba\u015F\u0131nda veya aralar\u0131nda \u00E7al\u0131nan, sadece orkestra i\u00E7in yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015F par\u00E7a anlam\u0131na gelmekteydi. Klasik d\u00F6nemde ise \"orkestra i\u00E7in sonat\" h\u00E2lini ald\u0131. \u0130lk \u00F6nemli senfoniler; Johann Sebastian Bach'\u0131n o\u011Fullar\u0131n\u0131n, Joseph Haydn'\u0131n ve Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart'\u0131n senfonileridir. Bu senfonilerin genel kal\u0131b\u0131 \u015F\u00F6yleydi: Allegro (veya Andante-Allegro) Andante (veya Adagio) Menuetto ve Trio Finale (Allegro veya Presto) Klasik d\u00F6nemde yeti\u015Fmi\u015F olmas\u0131na ra\u011Fmen romantik eserler vermi\u015F olan Ludwig van Beethoven'\u0131n ilk senfonisi de bu kal\u0131ba uygundur. Fakat bundan sonraki senfonileri yeni bir ak\u0131m ba\u015Flatt\u0131: Romantizm. Beethoven ve Schubert'in \u00F6zellikle son senfonileri romantik d\u00F6nem (1850 - 1900) senfonileri say\u0131l\u0131r. Romantik d\u00F6nemin \u00FCnl\u00FC senfoni bestecileri Hector Berlioz, Felix Mendelssohn, Robert Schumann, Anton Bruckner, Johannes Brahms, Peter \u0130lyi\u00E7 \u00C7aykovski, Camille Saint-Sa\u00EBns, Anton\u00EDn Dvo\u0159\u00E1k, Jean Sibelius, Gustav Mahler, Dimitri \u015Eostakovi\u00E7 olarak s\u0131ralanabilir. Bir senfoninin ortalama s\u00FCresi yar\u0131m saat (30 dk)tir. Fakat ilk senfonilerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 yakla\u015F\u0131k 15 dakikayd\u0131. Romantik d\u00F6nemde senfoninin s\u00FCresi 40-50 dakikaya ula\u015F\u0131rken Mahler'in 3. senfonisi ile doruk noktas\u0131na \u00E7\u0131kt\u0131 (90 dakika). Romantik senfonilerin klasik senfonilerden farklar\u0131 \u015Funlard\u0131r: S\u00FCre k\u0131s\u0131tlamas\u0131 yoktur. Senfoni 4 b\u00F6l\u00FCmden az veya \u00E7ok b\u00F6l\u00FCme sahip olabilir. Senfoni belli bir program izleyebilir (bu program\u0131n etraf\u0131nda d\u00F6nebilir). Senfoni, orkestra ve koro i\u00E7in de yaz\u0131labilir. Beethoven, romantik senfoni bestecileri i\u00E7in ana kal\u0131p, yol g\u00F6stericidir. Beethoven'\u0131n 3. senfonisi (Eroica) ilk uzun senfonisidir. 6. Senfonisi (Pastoral) ilk programl\u0131 senfonidir. 9. Senfoni ise yar\u0131m saatlik son b\u00F6l\u00FCm\u00FC ile se\u00E7kinle\u015Fmi\u015Ftir (bir senfonideki ilk korolu b\u00F6l\u00FCm). \u00D6zellikle Brahms ve Mahler, Beethoven stilini en \u00E7ok \u00F6nemsemi\u015F bestecilerdir."@tr ,
"Symfonie je cyklick\u00FD hudebn\u00ED \u00FAtvar son\u00E1tov\u00E9ho typu, komponovan\u00FD pro velk\u00E9 n\u00E1strojov\u00E9 obsazen\u00ED s mo\u017Enost\u00ED sou\u010Dasn\u00E9ho uplatn\u011Bn\u00ED dal\u0161\u00EDch komponent, nap\u0159. s\u00F3lov\u00E9ho zp\u011Bvu, sbor\u016F, v modern\u00ED klasick\u00E9 hudb\u011B pak nejr\u016Fzn\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDch dal\u0161\u00EDch p\u0159idru\u017Een\u00FDch soubor\u016F, nap\u0159. souboru bic\u00EDch n\u00E1stroj\u016F a dal\u0161\u00EDch ne zcela tradi\u010Dn\u00EDch sou\u010D\u00E1st\u00ED, nap\u0159. elektronick\u00FDch n\u00E1stroj\u016F, p\u016Fvodn\u011B nehudebn\u00EDch, industri\u00E1ln\u00EDch, hlukov\u00FDch a ambientn\u00EDch zdroj\u016F zvuku, digit\u00E1ln\u011B zpracovan\u00FDch zvuk\u016F n\u00E1stroj\u016F z obsazen\u00ED klasick\u00E9ho orchestru, atd.). Symfonick\u00E1 forma pat\u0159\u00ED k nejn\u00E1ro\u010Dn\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDm hudebn\u00EDm \u00FAtvar\u016Fm jak z hlediska kompozi\u010Dn\u00EDho, tak interpreta\u010Dn\u00EDho a je proto pr\u00E1vem perlou a vrcholem skladatelsk\u00E9ho i koncertn\u00EDho um\u011Bn\u00ED."@cs ,
"Fi\u015Fier:Ninth Symphony original. png Pagina cu num\u0103rul 12 din manuscrisul original al Simfoniei a noua a lui Ludwig van Beethoven Simfonia este o compozi\u0163ie muzical\u0103 instrumental\u0103 de propor\u0163ii vaste, alc\u0103tuit\u0103 din mai multe p\u0103r\u0163i (de regul\u0103, patru), fiind executat\u0103 \u00EEn s\u0103lile de concert sau pentru \u00EEnregistr\u0103ri de o ampl\u0103 orchestr\u0103 simfonic\u0103. O simfonie nu are soli\u015Fti instrumentali, excep\u0163ie f\u0103c\u00E2nd a\u015Fa-numita \u201ESimfonie concertant\u0103\u201D . Simfonia a IX-a de Ludwig van Beethoven introduce \u00EEn mi\u015Fcarea final\u0103 vocea omeneasc\u0103 sub form\u0103 de soli\u015Fti \u015Fi cor. Procedeul va fi preluat \u015Fi de al\u0163i compozitori \u00EEn crea\u0163iile lor, f\u0103r\u0103 a impieta \u00EEns\u0103 rolul predominant al orchestrei."@ro ;
rdfs:comment "Senfoni, genellikle orkestralar i\u00E7in bestelenmi\u015F ve uzun olan m\u00FCzik yap\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. \"Senfoni\" belirli bir bi\u00E7imi ifade etmez. Her ne kadar \u00E7o\u011Fu senfoni, ilki sonat bi\u00E7iminde olan d\u00F6rt b\u00F6l\u00FCmden olu\u015Fan titremsel (tonal) \u00E7al\u0131\u015Fmalardan olsa ve m\u00FCzik kuramc\u0131lar\u0131 s\u0131kl\u0131kla \"klasik\" senfoninin yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 b\u00F6yle tan\u0131mlasa da, bu bi\u00E7imin klasik ustalar\u0131 kabul edilen Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart ve Ludwig van Beethoven'\u0131n besteledi\u011Fi baz\u0131 senfoniler bile bu kal\u0131ba uymaz."@tr ,
"Die Sinfonie oder Symphonie ist eine seit Beginn des 17. Jahrhunderts gebr\u00E4uchliche Bezeichnung f\u00FCr Instrumentalwerke von \u00FCber die Jahrhunderte wechselnder Form und Besetzung. Nach klassischem Verst\u00E4ndnis handelt es sich dabei um ein aus mehreren (in der Regel vier) S\u00E4tzen bestehendes St\u00FCck f\u00FCr Orchester ohne Solisten. Seit der 9. Sinfonie von Ludwig van Beethoven ist auch der Einsatz von Gesangstimmen gebr\u00E4uchlich, ohne jedoch die dominierende Funktion des Orchesters aufzugeben."@de ,
"A symphony is a musical composition, often extended and usually for orchestra. \"Symphony\" does not imply a specific form. Many symphonies are tonal works in four movements with the first in sonata form, and this is often described by music theorists as the structure of a \"classical\" symphony, although many symphonies by the acknowledged classical masters of the form, Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven, do not conform to this model."@en ,
"Fi\u015Fier:Ninth Symphony original. png Pagina cu num\u0103rul 12 din manuscrisul original al Simfoniei a noua a lui Ludwig van Beethoven Simfonia este o compozi\u0163ie muzical\u0103 instrumental\u0103 de propor\u0163ii vaste, alc\u0103tuit\u0103 din mai multe p\u0103r\u0163i (de regul\u0103, patru), fiind executat\u0103 \u00EEn s\u0103lile de concert sau pentru \u00EEnregistr\u0103ri de o ampl\u0103 orchestr\u0103 simfonic\u0103. O simfonie nu are soli\u015Fti instrumentali, excep\u0163ie f\u0103c\u00E2nd a\u015Fa-numita \u201ESimfonie concertant\u0103\u201D ."@ro ,
"En symfoni er en musikalsk komposisjon for orkester i flere satser. Ordet stammer fra gresk syn (sammen) og fon (lyd)."@no ,
"Gatunek muzyczny o nazwie symfonia (w klasycznym kszta\u0142cie) to zazwyczaj trzy- lub czterocz\u0119\u015Bciowy utw\u00F3r muzyczny na orkiestr\u0119, popularny w XVIII, XIX i w pierwszej po\u0142owie XX wieku. Symfonia jest orkiestrowym odpowiednikiem sonaty. Uk\u0142ad cz\u0119\u015Bci symfonii klasycznej: pierwsza: szybka - allegro sonatowe; druga: wolna - w formie wariacji lub pie\u015Bni; trzecia: taneczna lub bardzo szybka - menuet, lub scherzo; czwarta: szybka - rondo, wariacje lub allegro sonatowe."@pl ,
"A szimf\u00F3nia a g\u00F6r\u00F6g symphonia (sz\u00FCnfon\u00E9, sz\u00FCnfonia = egy\u00FCtthangz\u00E1s, \u00F6sszhang), ill. olasz sinfonia, ill. n\u00E9met Symphonie szavakb\u00F3l sz\u00E1rmazik."@hu ,
"Une symphonie est une composition instrumentale savante, de proportions g\u00E9n\u00E9ralement vastes, comprenant plusieurs mouvements joints ou disjoints, et faisant appel aux ressources de l'orchestre symphonique."@fr ,
"Il termine Sinfonia (dal greco \u03C3\u03CD\u03BD = con, insieme, e \u03C6\u03C9\u03BD\u03AE = suono) ha avuto, nella storia della musica, vari significati; in particolare ha indicato diverse forme musicali. L'accezione pi\u00F9 comune della parola deriva dall'uso tardo settecentesco del classicismo viennese e della scuola di Mannheim, secondo il quale la Sinfonia \u00E8 un brano orchestrale composto di pi\u00F9 movimenti, di proporzioni abbastanza ampie e articolati secondo procedimenti formali ben precisi."@it ,
"Sinfonia \u00E9 uma palavra de origem italiana e tem conota\u00E7\u00F5es que v\u00E3o al\u00E9m do seu significado mais divulgado e conhecido, consolidado a partir do classicismo e que se refere a uma pe\u00E7a para orquestra constru\u00EDda na forma-sonata."@pt ,
"\u4EA4\u97FF\u66F2\u662F\u5305\u542B\u591A\u500B\u4E50\u7AE0\u7684\u5927\u578B\u7BA1\u5F26\u4E50\u66F2\u3002"@zh ,
"\u0421\u0438\u043C\u0444\u043E\u0301\u043D\u0456\u044F (\u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0433\u0440\u0435\u0446. \u03C3\u03C5\u03BC\u03C6\u03BF\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1 \u2014 \u00AB\u0441\u043F\u0456\u0432\u0437\u0432\u0443\u0447\u0447\u044F\u00BB) \u2014 \u0442\u0432\u0456\u0440 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043E\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443, \u0449\u043E \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0437 \u0434\u0435\u043A\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043D. \u0421\u0438\u043C\u0444\u043E\u043D\u0456\u044F \u2014 \u043D\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u0448\u0430 \u043C\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0430 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043E\u0440\u043A\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0457 \u043C\u0443\u0437\u0438\u043A\u0438."@uk ,
"En symfoni \u00E4r vanligtvis ett stort upplagt verk f\u00F6r symfoniorkester. Begreppet b\u00F6rjade anv\u00E4ndas i denna betydelse p\u00E5 1700-talet. Fram till 1900-talet bestod symfonin oftast av fyra satser i ordningsf\u00F6ljden snabb sats, l\u00E5ngsam sats, menuett eller scherzo och sist en snabb final. Sonatform kallas den form som f\u00F6rsta satsen av en traditionell symfoni alltid \u00E4r byggd p\u00E5. \u00C4ven andra satsen och finalen kan ha sonatform."@sv ,
"Symfonie je cyklick\u00FD hudebn\u00ED \u00FAtvar son\u00E1tov\u00E9ho typu, komponovan\u00FD pro velk\u00E9 n\u00E1strojov\u00E9 obsazen\u00ED s mo\u017Enost\u00ED sou\u010Dasn\u00E9ho uplatn\u011Bn\u00ED dal\u0161\u00EDch komponent, nap\u0159. s\u00F3lov\u00E9ho zp\u011Bvu, sbor\u016F, v modern\u00ED klasick\u00E9 hudb\u011B pak nejr\u016Fzn\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDch dal\u0161\u00EDch p\u0159idru\u017Een\u00FDch soubor\u016F, nap\u0159. souboru bic\u00EDch n\u00E1stroj\u016F a dal\u0161\u00EDch ne zcela tradi\u010Dn\u00EDch sou\u010D\u00E1st\u00ED, nap\u0159."@cs ,
"\u0421\u0438\u043C\u0444\u043E\u0301\u043D\u0438\u044F (\u043E\u0442 \u0433\u0440\u0435\u0447. \u03C3\u03C5\u03BC\u03C6\u03C9\u03BD\u03AF\u03B1 \u2014 \u00AB\u0441\u043E\u0437\u0432\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0435\u00BB) \u2014 \u0436\u0430\u043D\u0440 \u0441\u0438\u043C\u0444\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043C\u0443\u0437\u044B\u043A\u0438 \u043C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043A\u0430\u043D\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u044B \u0444\u0443\u043D\u0434\u0430\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0437\u0437\u0440\u0435\u043D\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F."@ru ,
""@ja ,
"Una sinfon\u00EDa es una obra para orquesta, de ordinario dividida en cuatro movimientos, cada uno con un tiempo y estructura diferente. La forma de la sinfon\u00EDa ha variado con el tiempo. El tama\u00F1o de la orquesta necesaria para interpretar una sinfon\u00EDa, en general, ha crecido con el tiempo: mientras una orquesta de c\u00E1mara con un par de docenas de instrumentos es suficiente para interpretar una sinfon\u00EDa de Joseph Haydn, una de Gustav Mahler puede requerir varios centenares de int\u00E9rpretes."@es ,
"Sinfonia nykymerkityksess\u00E4\u00E4n on laaja orkesteris\u00E4vellys. Sinfonia-termi\u00E4 k\u00E4ytettiin barokkikautena mist\u00E4 tahansa soittimille s\u00E4velletyst\u00E4 musiikista, mutta nykyinen sinfonia sai alkunsa 1700-luvun alussa. Sinfonia on ollut yksi merkitt\u00E4vimpi\u00E4 taidemusiikin s\u00E4vellysmuotoja wienil\u00E4isklassismin ajoista alkaen. T\u00E4m\u00E4n takia monien barokin j\u00E4lkeen tulleiden huippus\u00E4velt\u00E4jien p\u00E4\u00E4teokset ovatkin juuri sinfonioita."@fi ,
"Una simfonia \u00E9s \u2013en el seu sentit m\u00E9s habitual i extens- una pe\u00E7a musical, m\u00E9s aviat extensa, normalment composta per a ser interpretada per una orquestra i que compr\u00E8n diversos moviments. Simfonia no es refereix a una forma musical espec\u00EDfica (tot i que no s\u00F3n pas pocs els autors que encara la consideren una forma musical) sin\u00F3 un g\u00E8nere de la m\u00FAsica orquestral per a ser escoltada preferentment a la sala de concerts."@ca ,
"Een symfonie is een muziekstuk dat door een aantal instrumenten tegelijk wordt gespeeld. Als er \u00E9\u00E9n solo-instrument of een groepje duidelijke solo-instrumenten is, heet het werk een concert of een concerto grosso."@nl .
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