@prefix dbpedia-owl: . @prefix dbpedia: . dbpedia:Battle_of_Ilipa dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . @prefix ns2: . dbpedia:Battle_of_Ilipa ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . @prefix dbpprop: . dbpedia:Battle_of_Ilipa dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . dbpedia:Battle_of_Cissa dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . dbpedia:Battle_of_Cirta dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . dbpedia:Battle_of_Rhone_Crossing dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . dbpedia:Battle_of_the_Great_Plains dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . dbpedia:Battle_of_the_Upper_Baetis dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . dbpedia:Po_Valley_Raid dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . dbpedia:Battle_of_the_Trebia dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . dbpedia:Battle_of_Ager_Falernus dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:forProperty dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . dbpedia:Battle_of_Ebro_River dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . dbpedia:Battle_of_Grumentum dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . dbpedia:Battle_of_Lilybaeum dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . dbpedia:Battle_of_Zama dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . dbpedia:Battle_of_the_Metaurus dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . dbpedia:First_Macedonian_War dbpprop:casus dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . @prefix ns4: . dbpedia:Hannibal ns4:battles dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpedia-owl:battles dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:battles dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . dbpedia:Battle_of_Dertosa dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . dbpedia:Battle_of_Cannae dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . dbpedia:Battle_of_Lake_Trasimene dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ; dbpprop:partof dbpedia:Second_Punic_War . @prefix rdf: . dbpedia:Second_Punic_War rdf:type dbpedia-owl:Event . @prefix ns6: . dbpedia:Second_Punic_War rdf:type ns6:PunicWars , dbpedia-owl:MilitaryConflict . @prefix owl: . dbpedia:Second_Punic_War rdf:type owl:Thing , ns6:Conflict100958896 ; ns2:commander dbpedia:Marcus_Livius_Salinator , dbpedia:Scipio_Africanus , , dbpedia:Gaius_Claudius_Nero , dbpedia:Gaius_Terentius_Varro , dbpedia:Fabius_Maximus , dbpedia:Maharbal , , dbpedia:Minucius , , dbpedia:Masinissa , dbpedia:Hanno_the_Elder , dbpedia:Gnaeus_Cornelius_Scipio_Calvus , , dbpedia:Gaius_Flaminius , dbpedia:Syphax , dbpedia:Hasdrubal_Gisco , dbpedia:Hannibal , dbpedia:Gnaeus_Servilius_Geminus , dbpedia:Publius_Cornelius_Scipio , dbpedia:Marcus_Claudius_Marcellus ; dbpedia-owl:place dbpedia:Sicily , dbpedia:Cisalpine_Gaul , , dbpedia:Transalpine_Gaul , dbpedia:Hispania , dbpedia:Ancient_Greece , ; ns2:place dbpedia:Sicily , dbpedia:Cisalpine_Gaul , , dbpedia:Transalpine_Gaul , dbpedia:Hispania , dbpedia:Ancient_Greece , ; ns2:combatant "Carthage
Syracuse
Macedon" , "Roman Republic
Aetolian League
Pergamon" ; ns2:causalties "up to 500,000 killed or wounded" . @prefix xsd: . dbpedia:Second_Punic_War dbpedia-owl:date "-0218"^^xsd:gYear ; owl:sameAs . @prefix ns9: . dbpedia:Second_Punic_War owl:sameAs ns9:Second_Punic_War . @prefix foaf: . dbpedia:Second_Punic_War foaf:name "Second Punic War" . @prefix ns11: . dbpedia:Second_Punic_War foaf:page ns11:Second_Punic_War ; dbpedia-owl:partOf dbpedia:Punic_Wars ; ns2:partOf dbpedia:Punic_Wars ; dbpedia-owl:result "Decisive Roman victory, Rome gains absolute domination of the western Mediterranean" ; ns2:result "Decisive Roman victory, Rome gains absolute domination of the western Mediterranean" ; dbpprop:reference . @prefix rdfs: . dbpedia:Second_Punic_War rdfs:label "\u0412\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430\u044F \u041F\u0443\u043D\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0430"@ru , "Andra puniska kriget"@sv , "Segona Guerra P\u00FAnica"@ca , "Deuxi\u00E8me Guerre punique"@fr , "II wojna punicka"@pl , "Zweiter Punischer Krieg"@de , "Seconda guerra punica"@it , "Andre punerkrig"@no , "M\u00E1sodik pun h\u00E1bor\u00FA"@hu , "Segunda Guerra P\u00FAnica"@pt , "\u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 \u041F\u0443\u043D\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0430"@uk , "Druh\u00E1 punsk\u00E1 v\u00E1lka"@cs , "\u7B2C\u4E8C\u6B21\u5E03\u533F\u6218\u4E89"@zh , "\u7B2C\u4E8C\u6B21\u30DD\u30A8\u30CB\u6226\u4E89"@ja , "Segunda Guerra P\u00FAnica"@es , "Second Punic War"@en , "Tweede Punische oorlog"@nl , "Toinen puunilaissota"@fi ; dbpedia-owl:thumbnail ; dbpedia-owl:commander dbpedia:Marcus_Claudius_Marcellus , dbpedia:Marcus_Livius_Salinator , dbpedia:Hasdrubal_Gisco , dbpedia:Maharbal , dbpedia:Publius_Cornelius_Scipio , dbpedia:Gnaeus_Cornelius_Scipio_Calvus , dbpedia:Gaius_Terentius_Varro , , dbpedia:Masinissa , dbpedia:Gaius_Claudius_Nero , , dbpedia:Fabius_Maximus , , dbpedia:Hanno_the_Elder , dbpedia:Scipio_Africanus , dbpedia:Minucius , , dbpedia:Syphax , dbpedia:Gnaeus_Servilius_Geminus , dbpedia:Gaius_Flaminius , dbpedia:Hannibal ; dbpedia-owl:combatant "Roman Republic
Aetolian League
Pergamon" , "Carthage
Syracuse
Macedon" ; dbpedia-owl:causalties "up to 500,000 killed or wounded" . @prefix ns13: . dbpedia:Second_Punic_War ns13:date "-0218"^^xsd:gYear ; dbpprop:abstract "Toinen puunilaissota k\u00E4ytiin Rooman tasavallan ja Karthagon v\u00E4lill\u00E4 vuosina 218 eaa. \u2013202 eaa. Menetetty\u00E4\u00E4n Sisilian Karthago valloitti maita Iberian niemimaalta. Vuonna 218 eaa. karthagolainen kenraali Hannibal johti armeijan Alppien yli Italiaan. Yli 40 000 sotilaan vahvuisesta armeijasta selvisi perille vain 26 000. Hannibalin elefanteista selvisi t\u00E4st\u00E4 matkasta vain yksi. Roomalaiset l\u00E4hettiv\u00E4t joukkoja tuhoamaan Hannibalin armeijaa, mutta heid\u00E4t ly\u00F6tiin takaisin. Hannibal sai my\u00F6s apua gallialaisilta heimoilta. Roomalainen konsuli Gaius Flaminius yritti v\u00E4ijytt\u00E4\u00E4 Hannibalin, mutta Hannibal sai vihi\u00E4 juonesta, yll\u00E4tti roomalaiset itse ja l\u00F6i heid\u00E4t Trasimenusj\u00E4rven taistelussa. Hannibalin kenraalit olisivat halunneet vallata Rooman, mutta t\u00E4h\u00E4n ei pystytty ilman piiritysv\u00E4lineit\u00E4, joita heill\u00E4 ei ollut. Hannibalin armeija jatkoi matkaansa etel\u00E4-Italiaan. T\u00E4ll\u00E4 v\u00E4lin Roomassa valittiin Fabius Maximus diktaattoriksi. H\u00E4n yritti v\u00E4ltt\u00E4\u00E4 taisteluita Hannibalin kanssa, mutta seuraavana vuonna h\u00E4nen sijalleen valittiin kaksi uutta konsulia, Aemilius Paullus ja Terentius Varro. He kokosivat ylivoimaiset sotajoukot ja kohtasivat Hannibalin vuonna 216 eaa. Cannaen kaupungin l\u00E4hell\u00E4. Cannaen taistelussa roomalaiset ly\u00F6tiin t\u00E4ydellisesti. T\u00E4m\u00E4n j\u00E4lkeen Hannibal sai puolelleen Syrakusan ja Makedonian kuninkaan Filippos V:n. T\u00E4ll\u00E4 v\u00E4lin Rooma oli my\u00F6s aloittanut sotatoimet Iberiassa ja estiv\u00E4t t\u00E4ten Hasdrubalia l\u00E4hett\u00E4m\u00E4st\u00E4 apujoukkoja veljelleen. He valloittivat my\u00F6s takaisin Syrakusan, jonka valtauksessa kuoli my\u00F6s Arkhimedes. Seuraavana vuonna he l\u00E4hettiv\u00E4t Scipio Africanus Majorin Iberiaan, jossa h\u00E4n valtasi Carthago Novan vuonna 209 eaa. Hasdrubal yritti siirt\u00E4\u00E4 joukkojaan Italiaan, mutta h\u00E4net ly\u00F6tiin vuonna 206 eaa. Scipio palasi Roomaan sankarina ja h\u00E4net valittiin konsuliksi vuonna 205 eaa. H\u00E4n p\u00E4\u00E4tti hy\u00F6k\u00E4t\u00E4 suoraan Karthagoa vastaan. Hannibal palasi Italiasta ja Scipio l\u00F6i h\u00E4net Zaman taistelussa vuonna 202 eaa. T\u00E4st\u00E4 hyv\u00E4st\u00E4 Scipio sai lis\u00E4nimen Africanus. Sodan seurauksena Karthago menetti Iberian, joka joutui Rooman vallan alle. Hannibal selvisi hengiss\u00E4 ja p\u00E4\u00E4tyi Antiokhos III:n hoviin. Roomalaiset pelk\u00E4siv\u00E4t h\u00E4nen palaavan h\u00E4nen kuolemaansa asti."@fi , "Druga wojna punicka toczy\u0142a si\u0119 w latach 218-201 p.n.e. mi\u0119dzy Kartagin\u0105 i Rzymem. Prowadzona by\u0142a na P\u00F3\u0142wyspie Apeni\u0144skim, Iberyjskim, na Sycylii i w Afryce P\u00F3\u0142nocnej. Jej g\u0142\u00F3wn\u0105 postaci\u0105 by\u0142 Hannibal, kartagi\u0144ski w\u00F3dz z rodu Barkid\u00F3w. Pretekstem do wojny by\u0142o zaatakowanie przez Hannibala Saguntu, sprzymierzonego z Rzymem miasta-pa\u0144stwa na obecnym wybrze\u017Cu katalo\u0144skim. Hannibal przeprawiwszy si\u0119 ze swoj\u0105 armi\u0105 z Hiszpanii przez Alpy do Italii postanowi\u0142 zaskoczy\u0107 Rzymian od p\u00F3\u0142nocy. Mimo wyczerpuj\u0105cej przeprawy przez g\u00F3ry (armia straci\u0142a m. in. wi\u0119kszo\u015B\u0107 s\u0142oni bojowych) odni\u00F3s\u0142 szereg imponuj\u0105cych zwyci\u0119stw, jednak\u017Ce z uwagi na ograniczone mo\u017Cliwo\u015Bci logistyczne i rekrutacyjne nie m\u00F3g\u0142 wykorzysta\u0107 swoich zwyci\u0119stw. W tym czasie Rzymianie najpierw przyst\u0105pili do podboju kartagi\u0144skich posiad\u0142o\u015Bci w Hiszpanii, a potem za rad\u0105 Scypiona Starszego zaatakowali afryka\u0144skie centrum kartagi\u0144skiego imperium, co spowodowa\u0142o odwo\u0142anie armii Hannibala z Italii. W 201 p.n.e. Scypion Afryka\u0144ski pokona\u0142 Hannibala w bitwie pod Zam\u0105. Po wojnie Rzym zagarn\u0105\u0142 posiad\u0142o\u015Bci Kartaginy w Hiszpanii. Opr\u00F3cz tego Kartagina musia\u0142a zniszczy\u0107 swoj\u0105 flot\u0119, przekaza\u0107 cz\u0119\u015B\u0107 posiad\u0142o\u015Bci afryka\u0144skich numidyjskim sprzymierze\u0144com Rzymu i zap\u0142aci\u0107 ogromn\u0105 kontrybucj\u0119."@pl , "Druh\u00E1 punsk\u00E1 v\u00E1lka byla vybojov\u00E1na mezi \u0158\u00EDmany a Kartaginci v letech 218 a\u017E 201 p\u0159. n. l. Kartaginsk\u00FD vojev\u016Fdce Hannibal z rodu Barkas\u016F v n\u00ED nejprve \u0158\u00EDmu u\u0161t\u011Bd\u0159il \u0159adu por\u00E1\u017Eek v takticky geni\u00E1ln\u011B veden\u00FDch bitv\u00E1ch, kter\u00E9 jsou dodnes uv\u00E1d\u011Bny ve vojensk\u00FDch u\u010Debnic\u00EDch. \u0158\u00EDman\u00E9 n\u00E1sledn\u011B p\u0159e\u0161li do n\u011Bkolik let trvaj\u00EDc\u00ED opot\u0159ebov\u00E1vac\u00ED v\u00E1lky, postupn\u011B zlikvidovali nebo neutralizovali spojence a hlavn\u00ED kolonie Kart\u00E1ga a nakonec pod veden\u00EDm Publia Cornelia Scipiona Africana zv\u00EDt\u011Bzili v bitv\u011B u Zamy. Tato v\u00E1lka definitivn\u011B rozhodla boj obou m\u011Bst o dominanci ve St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00ED ve prosp\u011Bch \u0158\u00EDma. Z d\u016Fvodu \u00FApln\u00E9ho zni\u010Den\u00ED Kart\u00E1ga ve t\u0159et\u00ED punsk\u00E9 v\u00E1lce v roce 146 p\u0159. n. l. a dlouhodob\u00E9 hegemonie \u0159\u00EDmsk\u00E9 \u0159\u00ED\u0161e ve St\u0159edomo\u0159\u00ED se nedochovaly \u017E\u00E1dn\u00E9 historick\u00E9 prameny, kter\u00E9 by popisovaly pr\u016Fb\u011Bh v\u00E1lky a jej\u00ED pozad\u00ED z kartaginsk\u00E9ho nebo skute\u010Dn\u011B neutr\u00E1ln\u00EDho pohledu. Historikov\u00E9 se proto mohou op\u00EDrat pouze o d\u00EDla \u0159eck\u00FDch a \u0159\u00EDmsk\u00FDch antick\u00FDch autor\u016F \u2013 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm Polybia a Livia \u2013 a musej\u00ED je tud\u00ED\u017E interpretovat velmi opatrn\u011B. Velk\u00E9 por\u00E1\u017Eky, kter\u00E9 \u0158\u00EDman\u00E9 utrp\u011Bli b\u011Bhem t\u00E9to v\u00E1lky, byly jimi v\u017Edy vykl\u00E1d\u00E1ny tak, aby nijak nezpochyb\u0148ovaly politick\u00E9 a soci\u00E1ln\u00ED uspo\u0159\u00E1d\u00E1n\u00ED \u0159\u00EDmsk\u00E9ho st\u00E1tu. I p\u0159i popisov\u00E1n\u00ED katastrof\u00E1ln\u00EDch proher na bitevn\u00EDm poli musela b\u00FDt velikost \u0158\u00EDma v\u017Edy zachov\u00E1na t\u00EDm, \u017Ee byl nalezen ur\u010Dit\u00FD ob\u011Btn\u00ED ber\u00E1nek, jemu\u017E byla vina za dan\u00FD ne\u00FAsp\u011Bch p\u0159ips\u00E1na. Obzvl\u00E1\u0161t\u011B to plat\u00ED pro ni\u010Divou \u0159\u00EDmskou por\u00E1\u017Eku v bitv\u011B u Kann."@cs , "\u7B2C\u4E8C\u6B21\u5E03\u533F\u6230\u722D\u662F\u53E4\u7F85\u99AC\u548C\u8FE6\u592A\u57FA\u4E4B\u9593\u4E09\u6B21\u5E03\u533F\u6230\u722D\u4E2D\u6700\u9577\u4E5F\u6700\u6709\u540D\u7684\u4E00\u5834\u6230\u722D\uFF0C\u4F5C\u623016\u5E74\uFF0C\u524D218\u5E74-\u524D202\u5E74\u3002"@zh , "Andra puniska kriget var ett av de puniska krigen som 218\u2013202 f. Kr. utk\u00E4mpades mellan Romerska republiken och Karthago. Andra puniska kriget, som av romarna ben\u00E4mndes som \"kriget mot Hannibal\", var det andra av tre stora krig som utk\u00E4mpades i olika perioder mellan \u00E5r 264 och 146 f. Kr. Konflikterna kallades \"puniska krigen\", beroende p\u00E5 att puner var romarnas namn p\u00E5 fenicier, det vill s\u00E4ga folk fr\u00E5n Karthago, som l\u00E5g i nuvarande Tunisien p\u00E5 Afrikas nordkust."@sv , "La deuxi\u00E8me guerre punique, est le deuxi\u00E8me des trois conflits qui oppos\u00E8rent Rome \u00E0 Carthage. Les grandes figures de cet affrontement sont c\u00E9l\u00E8bres. Du c\u00F4t\u00E9 carthaginois, le g\u00E9n\u00E9ral Hannibal Barca passa avec ses \u00E9l\u00E9phants les Pyr\u00E9n\u00E9es, le Rh\u00F4ne et les Alpes, et remporta une s\u00E9rie de victoires sur les l\u00E9gions romaines. Du c\u00F4t\u00E9 romain, les Scipion men\u00E8rent des contre-attaques d\u00E9cisives en Espagne, puis en Afrique. Hannibal fut finalement battu par Scipion l'Africain \u00E0 la bataille de Zama."@fr , "La Segunda Guerra P\u00FAnica es el m\u00E1s conocido de los enfrentamientos b\u00E9licos acaecidos en el marco de las Guerras P\u00FAnicas entre las dos potencias que entonces dominaban el Mediterr\u00E1neo occidental: Roma y Cartago. La contienda se suele datar desde el a\u00F1o 218 a. C. , fecha de la declaraci\u00F3n de guerra de Roma tras la destrucci\u00F3n de Sagunto, hasta el 201 a. C. en el que An\u00EDbal y Escipi\u00F3n acordaron las condiciones de la rendici\u00F3n de Cartago."@es , "Den andre punerkrigen ble utkjempet mellom Karthago og Roma fra 218 til 201 f. Kr. Den var den andre av tre betydelige kriger mellom den tidligere f\u00F8nikiske kolonien Karthago og den romerske republikk som da fremdeles var begrenset til den italienske halv\u00F8ya. Konfliktene ble kalt \u00ABpunerkriger\u00BB fordi romernes navn for karthagenerne var Punici (eldre Poenici) p\u00E5 grunn av deres f\u00F8nikiske opphav."@no , "La seconda guerra punica fu combattuta tra Roma e Cartagine nel III secolo a.C. , dal 219 a.C. al 202 a.C. , prima in Europa e successivamente in Africa. La guerra cominci\u00F2 per iniziativa dei Cartaginesi, che volevano riscattarsi dalla sconfitta subita nella Prima guerra punica e se non fu certamente la pi\u00F9 importante per durata, lo fu per l'ampiezza delle popolazioni coinvolte, per i suoi costi economici e umani, per le decisive conseguenze sul piano storico, politico e quindi sociale dell'intero mondo mediterraneo. Contrariamente alla prima guerra punica, che fu combattuta e vinta essenzialmente sul mare, la seconda fu un continuo succedersi di battaglie terrestri con movimenti di masse enormi di fanterie, elefanti e cavalieri. Le marine si scontrarono ma furono quasi solamente utilizzate per aiutare gli eserciti nei loro spostamenti, o per far viaggiare i diplomatici da un regno all'altro del Mediterraneo. Anche se la condotta della guerra venne generalmente percepita per lo pi\u00F9 seguendo il cammino di Annibale dalla Spagna al sud Italia, in realt\u00E0 tutto il Mediterraneo fu direttamente e indirettamente coinvolto nella disputa fra Roma e Cartagine. Teatro di scontri terrestri furono Iberia, Gallia, Gallia cisalpina, Italia, Africa, mentre le diplomazie dei due contendenti si attivarono verso la Numidia, la Grecia, la Macedonia, la Siria, i regni dell'Anatolia, l'Egitto."@it , "La Segona Guerra P\u00FAnica fou la guerra m\u00E9s important de les tres lliurades entre Roma i Cartago, que a la fi van comportar la destrucci\u00F3 de la civilitzaci\u00F3 cartaginesa."@ca , "\u0414\u0440\u0443\u0301\u0433\u0430 \u041F\u0443\u043D\u0456\u0301\u0447\u043D\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0430\u0301 (\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u0440\u0438\u043C\u043B\u044F\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u00AB\u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E\u0301\u044E \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0301\u0442\u0438 \u0413\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0456\u0431\u0430\u0301\u043B\u0430\u00BB \u0456 \u0433\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0456\u0431\u0430\u0301\u043B\u043E\u0432\u043E\u044E \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E\u0301\u044E) \u2014 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0430, \u0449\u043E \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0437 218 \u043F\u043E 202 \u0434\u043E \u043D. \u0435. , \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0456\u0439 \u044F\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0431\u0443\u043B\u043E \u0417\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0435 \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0437\u0435\u043C\u043D\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0440'\u044F. \u0426\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u043B\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 \u0437 \u0442\u0440\u044C\u043E\u0445 \u0432\u043E\u0454\u043D \u043C\u0456\u0436 \u043A\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0448\u043D\u044C\u043E\u044E \u0444\u0456\u043D\u0456\u043A\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u044E \u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0454\u044E \u041A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u043E\u043C \u0456 \u0437\u0430\u043B\u0435\u0436\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043D\u044C\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438 \u0420\u0438\u043C\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u043F\u0443\u0431\u043B\u0456\u043A\u0438. \u0407\u0445 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044E\u0442\u044C \u00AB\u041F\u0443\u043D\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438\u00BB, \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0440\u0438\u043C\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438 \u043A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u044F\u043D - punici (\u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u0448 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043D\u0456\u0448\u0435 - poenici, \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0444\u0456\u043D\u0456\u043A\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u044F\u043D). \u0423 \u0441\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0456\u0457 \u0441\u043B\u043E\u0432\u043E \u00AB\u043F\u0443\u043D\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0439\u00BB (punic) \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u043F\u043E \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0448\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044E \u0434\u043E \u041A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0430, \u043D\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043C\u0456\u043D\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \"\u0444\u0456\u043D\u0456\u043A\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439\" (phoenician)."@uk , "\u0412\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430\u044F \u041F\u0443\u043D\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0430 (\u043D\u0430\u0437\u044B\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043C\u0430\u044F \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0438\u043C\u043B\u044F\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u00AB\u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0413\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0431\u0430\u043B\u0430\u00BB \u0438 \u0413\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0431\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u043E\u0439, 218\u2014202 \u0434\u043E \u043D. \u044D. ) \u2014 \u0432\u043E\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0444\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0442 \u043C\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043C\u044F \u043A\u043E\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044F\u043C\u0438, \u0432\u043E \u0433\u043B\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u043B\u0438 \u0420\u0438\u043C \u0438 \u041A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D, \u0437\u0430 \u0433\u0435\u0433\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043D\u0438\u044E \u0432 \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0435\u043C\u043D\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0440\u044C\u0435. \u0412 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043C\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0435 \u0420\u0438\u043C\u0430 \u0432\u043E\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0438 \u0421\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0443\u0437\u044B, \u041D\u0443\u043C\u0438\u0434\u0438\u044F, \u042D\u0442\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043E\u044E\u0437 \u0438 \u041F\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043C, \u043D\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0435 \u041A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0430 \u2014 \u041C\u0430\u043A\u0435\u0434\u043E\u043D\u0438\u044F, \u041D\u0443\u043C\u0438\u0434\u0438\u044F, \u0421\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0443\u0437\u044B \u0438 \u0410\u0445\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043E\u044E\u0437. \u041E\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u043E\u0441\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u0437\u044F\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0433\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u0433\u0443\u043D\u0442\u0430 (\u0441\u043E\u044E\u0437\u043D\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u0420\u0438\u043C\u0430) 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\u0421\u0430\u043C\u043E\u0439 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043F\u043E\u0431\u0435\u0434 \u043A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u044F\u043D \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u041A\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0430\u0445, \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435 \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u0432 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0443 \u043D\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043D\u0435 \u041A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u0438\u043B\u0430 \u041C\u0430\u043A\u0435\u0434\u043E\u043D\u0438\u044F. \u041E\u0434\u043D\u0430\u043A\u043E \u0440\u0438\u043C\u043B\u044F\u043D\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u043C\u043E\u0433\u043B\u0438 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0438\u043D\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0443 \u0438 \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0448\u043B\u0438 \u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435. \u041F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043D\u0438\u043C \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u044B \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u0417\u0430\u043C\u0435, \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435 \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u041A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D \u0437\u0430\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0441\u0438\u043B \u043C\u0438\u0440\u0430. \u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043B\u044C\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u044B \u041A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044F\u043B \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0438 \u0432\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0437\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0410\u0444\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0438."@ru , "Der Zweite Punische Krieg wurde von 218 v. Chr. bis 201 v. Chr. zwischen R\u00F6mern und Karthagern ausgetragen. Der karthagische Feldherr Hannibal aus dem Geschlecht der Barkiden brachte Rom zun\u00E4chst durch eine Reihe taktisch genial gef\u00FChrter Schlachten an den Rand der Niederlage. Die R\u00F6mer gingen daraufhin zu einem langj\u00E4hrigen Abnutzungskrieg \u00FCber und siegten schlie\u00DFlich in der Schlacht von Zama unter ihrem Feldherrn Scipio dem \u00C4lteren. Der Krieg entschied den Kampf der beiden St\u00E4dte um die Vorherrschaft im Mittelmeerraum endg\u00FCltig zugunsten Roms."@de , "A Segunda Guerra P\u00FAnica \u00E9 o mais conhecido dos confrontos b\u00E9licos acontecidos no quadro das Guerras P\u00FAnicas entre as duas pot\u00EAncias que ent\u00E3o dominavam o Mediterr\u00E2neo ocidental: Roma e Cartago. A contenda acostuma datar-se desde 218 a.C. , data da declara\u00E7\u00E3o de guerra de Roma ap\u00F3s a destrui\u00E7\u00E3o de Sagunto, at\u00E9 201 a.C. , em que An\u00EDbal e Cipi\u00E3o acordaram as condi\u00E7\u00F5es da rendi\u00E7\u00E3o de Cartago. Foi atrav\u00E9s da vit\u00F3ria neste conflito que Roma come\u00E7ou sua grande expans\u00E3o. Ao final da guerra, os vitoriosos romanos tomaram o controle do Mediterr\u00E2neo ocidental, come\u00E7aram a anexar a Pen\u00EDnsula Ib\u00E9rica e a completar a subjuga\u00E7\u00E3o da pr\u00F3pria Pen\u00EDnsula It\u00E1lica, firmaram alian\u00E7as no norte da \u00C1frica e come\u00E7aram sua expans\u00E3o em dire\u00E7\u00E3o ao Oriente, para a Il\u00EDria, para a Gr\u00E9cia e para a Anat\u00F3lia. Foi um conflito demorado, que envolveu toda a bacia oeste do Mediterr\u00E2neo, estendendo-se da Pen\u00EDnsula Ib\u00E9rica at\u00E9 a Pen\u00EDnsula It\u00E1lica e desde o sul da G\u00E1lia at\u00E9 o norte da \u00C1frica. Igualmente importante foi a destrui\u00E7\u00E3o do poderio cartagin\u00EAs, decisivo para a equa\u00E7\u00E3o de poder no ocidente por v\u00E1rios s\u00E9culos, assim como as mudan\u00E7as que muito contribu\u00EDram para a definitiva consolida\u00E7\u00E3o da forma do ex\u00E9rcito romano, que passou por importantes transforma\u00E7\u00F5es no per\u00EDodo."@pt , "The Second Punic War, also referred to as The Hannibalic War and (by the Romans) The War Against Hannibal, lasted from 218 to 201 BC and involved combatants in the western and eastern Mediterranean. This was the second major war between Carthage and the Roman Republic, who had three warring conflicts against each other over the courses of their existences. They are called the \"Punic Wars\" because Rome's name for Carthaginians was Punici, due to their Phoenician ancestry. The war is marked by Hannibal's surprising overland journey and his costly crossing of the Alps, followed by his reinforcement by Gaulish allies and crushing victories over Roman armies in the battle of the Trebia and the giant ambush at Trasimene. Against his skill on the battlefield the Romans deployed the Fabian strategy. But because of the increasing unpopularity of this approach, the Romans resorted to a further major field battle. The result was the Roman defeat at Cannae. In consequence many Roman allies went over to Carthage, prolonging the war in Italy for over a decade, during which more Roman armies were destroyed on the battlefield. Despite these setbacks, the Roman forces were more capable in siegecraft than the Carthaginians and recaptured all the major cities that had joined the enemy, as well as defeating a Carthaginian attempt to reinforce Hannibal at the battle of the Metaurus. In the meantime in Iberia, which served as the main source of manpower for the Carthaginian army, a second Roman expedition under Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Major took New Carthage by assault and ended Carthaginian rule over Iberia in the battle of Ilipa. The final showdown was the battle of Zama in Africa between Scipio Africanus and Hannibal, resulting in the latter's defeat and the imposition of harsh peace conditions on Carthage, which ceased to be a major power and became a Roman client-state. A sideshow of this war was the indecisive first Macedonian War in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Ionian Sea. All battles mentioned in the introduction are ranked among the most costly traditional battles of human history; in addition there were a few successful ambushes of armies that also ended in their annihilation."@en , "De Tweede Punische Oorlog tussen Rome en Carthago was de kostbaarste van de drie Punische oorlogen, die Rome aan de rand van de afgrond bracht. Was de eerste Punische oorlog vooral een maritieme, waarin de Romeinen voor het eerst ervaring met zeeslagen opdeden, de tweede werd geheel te land uitgevochten, waarbij veel grotere aantallen strijders betrokken waren en dus ook grotere verliezen geleden konden worden. Er zijn twee verslagen uit de oudheid bewaard gebleven, een van Livius en een van Polybius. Het conflict was een gevolg van de aanhoudende rivaliteit tussen de voormalige Fenicische kolonie Carthago, die zich tot een toonaangevende mogendheid in de westelijke helft van de Middellandse Zee had ontwikkeld, en de Romeinse Republiek, die zich indertijd nog beperkte tot het Italiaanse schiereiland en de eilanden Sicili\u00EB, Sardini\u00EB en Corsica. De rivier de Ebro in Hispania markeerde de grens tussen de Romeinse en de Carthaagse invloedssfeer. Rome verwierf echter de stad Saguntum, ten zuiden van de Ebro, als bondgenoot. Omdat dit een schending van het verdrag was, belegerde en veroverde de Carthaagse generaal Hannibal Barkas de stad, waarop Rome de uitlevering van Hannibal eiste. Toen de Carthaagse senaat dit weigerde, verklaarde Rome de oorlog aan Carthago. In de Eerste Punische oorlog had Carthago zijn oorlogsvloot verloren en Hannibal bedacht een plan om Rome over land aan te vallen. Hij besloot om Itali\u00EB binnen te vallen via de Alpen met een groot leger, dat o.a. over 42 olifanten in beschikte. Na een moeilijke tocht over de Pyrenee\u00EBn, de Rh\u00F4ne en de Alpen, waarbij een groot deel van zijn leger verloren ging, arriveerde hij in de Povlakte in Noord-Itali\u00EB. Aanvankelijk bracht hij de Romeinen verschrikkelijke nederlagen toe, waaronder de slag bij de Trebia, de slag bij het Trasimeense meer en vooral de Slag bij Cannae, waar 8 legioenen werden vernietigd en 48.000 Romeinen sneuvelden. Hannibal was onbetwist een superieur veldheer, maar wat ook bijdroeg aan zijn successen was dat sommige bondgenoten van Rome in Itali\u00EB en de pas veroverde Gallische gebieden in de Povlakte de strenge Romeinse overheersing beu waren en overliepen naar de Carthagers. Hannibal kreeg als boeman een blijvende plaats in het Romeinse bewustzijn. \"Hannibal ad portas!\" werd een staande uitdrukking voor het signaleren van een dodelijk gevaar. Rome stond na de ramp bij Cannae in 216 v. Chr. aan de rand van de afgrond. Volgens Titus Livius zou Hannibals commandant van de ruiterij hem toen geadviseerd hebben om onmiddellijk naar Rome op te rukken. Omwille van het hoge aantal gewonden en doden in het Carthaagse leger, koos Hannibal voor een andere strategie. Met uitzondering van Capua en Tarente kozen weinig belangrijke Italiaanse steden de kant van Hannibal. De meeste bleven Rome trouw. Het eiland Sardini\u00EB kwam wel in opstand tegen Rome. De Romeinen besloten toen, op advies van de veteraan uit de Eerste Punische oorlog Quintus Fabius Maximus Cunctator (zijn bijnaam Cunctator, betekent de Aarzelende), die door de senaat tot dictator werd gekozen, en zijn belangrijkste generaal Publius Cornelius Scipio, Hannibal niet meer rechtstreeks aan te pakken maar zijn basis in Hispania te veroveren, waar zijn verse troepen en voorraden vandaan kwamen. Dit laatste werd de taak van Scipio. Na een aanvankelijk aarzelend offensief kwam de verovering hiervan op gang. De Carthaagse bevelhebbers in Hispania waren niet zo briljant als Hannibal Barkas en Scipio wist de onderlinge onenigheden van die bevelhebbers en een opstand bij hun Numidische bondgenoten uit te buiten. Bovendien hadden de Romeinen nogal wat succes met het voor zich winnen van Iberische bondgenoten van de Carthagers. In Itali\u00EB begonnen de Romeinen ondertussen een uitputtingsoorlog; ze vermeden rechtstreekse confrontaties en legden zware straffen op aan 'verraderlijke' steden en bondgenoten en verleenden steun aan steden die veelal tevergeefs belegerd werden door Hannibal. Aan het belegeren van de stad Rome is hij nooit toegekomen. In de loop van 15 jaar drongen de Romeinen Hannibal uiteindelijk in het defensief, vooral toen hij afgesneden raakte van Hispania en Carthago. Na de beslissende Romeinse overwinning in de Slag bij Ilipa in Hispania, in 206 v. Chr. , staken de Romeinen over naar Africa, versloegen een Carthaags leger in de slag bij de Bagradas en omsingelden de stad Carthago. De Carthaagse elite besloot om te onderhandelen met de Romeinen en riep ondertussen Hannibal terug naar Afrika. Hij werd echter dichtbij zijn vaderstad verslagen in de Slag bij Zama Regia. Carthago besloot toen echte vredesonderhandelingen te beginnen. Hannibal was gedwongen te vluchten naar Syri\u00EB. Hij werd de rest van zijn leven achtervolgd door de Romeinen, totdat hij in Bithyni\u00EB, ver van zijn vaderstad in 183 v. Chr. zelfmoord pleegde om gevangenneming door de Romeinen te voorkomen. Carthago's invloed werd door het vredesverdrag beperkt tot de Noord-Tunesi\u00EB en moest zich onder het bewind van de Romeinen schikken, hetgeen betekende dat zij zich niet eens mochten bewapenen tegen hun voormalige Numidische bondgenoten, die waren overgelopen naar de Romeinen. De Romeinse senator Cato vond het gevaar van Carthago, ondanks deze nederlaag, nog steeds zo groot dat hij elke redevoering voor de Romeinse senaat eindigde met de zin: \"En overigens blijf ik van mening dat Carthago vernietigd moet worden\". Cato kreeg uiteindelijk zijn zin in de Derde Punische oorlog, waarbij Carthago verwoest werd, al heeft hij het einde van die oorlog niet mogen meemaken."@nl , "F\u00E1jl:Rome carthage 218. jpg R\u00F3ma (r\u00F3zsasz\u00EDn), illetve Karth\u00E1g\u00F3 (s\u00F6t\u00E9tk\u00E9k) befoly\u00E1si z\u00F3n\u00E1i Kr. e. 218-ban, k\u00F6zvetlen\u00FCl a m\u00E1sodik pun h\u00E1bor\u00FAt megel\u0151z\u0151en. F\u00E1jl:Battles second punic war. png A m\u00E1sodik pun h\u00E1bor\u00FA csat\u00E1i A m\u00E1sodik pun h\u00E1bor\u00FA, vagy ahogy a r\u00F3maiak nevezt\u00E9k, Hannibal elleni h\u00E1bor\u00FA a F\u00F6ldk\u00F6zi-tenger medenc\u00E9j\u00E9ben v\u00EDvott h\u00E1bor\u00FA volt a R\u00F3mai K\u00F6zt\u00E1rsas\u00E1g \u00E9s a Hannibal vezette karth\u00E1g\u00F3i seregek k\u00F6z\u00F6tt, Kr. e. 218 \u00E9s 201 k\u00F6z\u00F6tt. (A r\u00F3maiak a karth\u00E1g\u00F3iakat nevezt\u00E9k punoknak - punici, kor\u00E1bban poenici, a f\u00F6n\u00EDciaiakra utalva. ) Egyike volt a R\u00F3ma \u00E9s Karth\u00E1g\u00F3 k\u00F6zt v\u00EDvott h\u00E1rom h\u00E1bor\u00FAnak. A h\u00E1bor\u00FA Hannibal sorozatos diadalai ellen\u00E9re a r\u00F3maiak gy\u0151zelm\u00E9vel z\u00E1rult. A m\u00E1sodik pun h\u00E1bor\u00FAban kelt \u00E1t Hannibal sereg\u00E9vel az Alpokon. It\u00E1li\u00E1ban v\u00E9res csat\u00E1kban sorra t\u00F6nkreverte az ellene t\u00E1mad\u00F3 r\u00F3mai seregeket, m\u00EDg v\u00E9g\u00FCl Karth\u00E1g\u00F3 v\u00E9delm\u00E9re vissza kellett t\u00E9rnie Afrik\u00E1ba, ahol veres\u00E9get szenvedett Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Maiort\u00F3l. R\u00F3ma a m\u00E1sodik pun h\u00E1bor\u00FAval egyid\u0151ben v\u00EDvta az els\u0151 maked\u00F3n h\u00E1bor\u00FAt V. Philipposz maked\u00F3n kir\u00E1ly ellen."@hu , "\u30D5\u30A1\u30A4\u30EB:Hannibal. jpg \u30CF\u30F3\u30CB\u30D0\u30EB \u7B2C\u4E8C\u6B21\u30DD\u30A8\u30CB\u6226\u4E89\uFF08\u3060\u3044\u306B\u3058\u30DD\u30A8\u30CB\u305B\u3093\u305D\u3046\u3001\u7F85\uFF1ASecundum Bellum Punicum\u3001\u82F1\uFF1ASecond Punic War\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u5171\u548C\u653F\u30ED\u30FC\u30DE\u3068\u30AB\u30EB\u30BF\u30B4\u3068\u306E\u9593\u3067\u7D00\u5143\u524D219\u5E74\u304B\u3089\u7D00\u5143\u524D201\u5E74\u306B\u304B\u3051\u3066\u6226\u308F\u308C\u305F\u6226\u4E89\u3002\u30ED\u30FC\u30DE\u3001\u30AB\u30EB\u30BF\u30B4\u9593\u306E\u6226\u4E89\u306F\u30AB\u30EB\u30BF\u30B4\u306E\u4F4F\u6C11\u3067\u3042\u308B\u30D5\u30A7\u30CB\u30AD\u30A2\u4EBA\u306E\u30ED\u30FC\u30DE\u5074\u306E\u547C\u79F0\u304B\u3089\u30DD\u30A8\u30CB\u6226\u4E89\u3068\u7DCF\u79F0\u3055\u308C\u308B\u304C\u3001\u3053\u306E\u6226\u4E89\u306F\u51683\u56DE\u306E\u30DD\u30A8\u30CB\u6226\u4E89\u306E2\u56DE\u76EE\u306B\u3042\u305F\u308B\u3002 \u307E\u305F\u3053\u306E\u6226\u4E89\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u30AB\u30EB\u30BF\u30B4\u5074\u306E\u5C06\u8ECD\u30CF\u30F3\u30CB\u30D0\u30EB\u30FB\u30D0\u30EB\u30AB\u306F\u30A4\u30BF\u30EA\u30A2\u534A\u5CF6\u3092\u4FB5\u7565\u3057\u3001\u591A\u5927\u306A\u640D\u5BB3\u3068\u6050\u6016\u3092\u30ED\u30FC\u30DE\u5074\u306B\u6B8B\u3057\u305F\u305F\u3081\u3001\u3053\u306E\u6226\u4E89\u306F\u30CF\u30F3\u30CB\u30D0\u30EB\u6226\u4E89\u3068\u3082\u79F0\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja ; rdfs:comment "\u30D5\u30A1\u30A4\u30EB:Hannibal."@ja , "La seconda guerra punica fu combattuta tra Roma e Cartagine nel III secolo a.C. , dal 219 a.C. al 202 a.C. , prima in Europa e successivamente in Africa."@it , "\u0412\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0430\u044F \u041F\u0443\u043D\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u0430 (\u043D\u0430\u0437\u044B\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043C\u0430\u044F \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0438\u043C\u043B\u044F\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u00AB\u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0413\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0431\u0430\u043B\u0430\u00BB \u0438 \u0413\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0438\u0431\u0430\u043B\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u0432\u043E\u0439\u043D\u043E\u0439, 218\u2014202 \u0434\u043E \u043D. \u044D. ) \u2014 \u0432\u043E\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0439 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0444\u043B\u0438\u043A\u0442 \u043C\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043C\u044F \u043A\u043E\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044F\u043C\u0438, \u0432\u043E \u0433\u043B\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u044B\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u043E\u044F\u043B\u0438 \u0420\u0438\u043C \u0438 \u041A\u0430\u0440\u0444\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D, \u0437\u0430 \u0433\u0435\u0433\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043D\u0438\u044E \u0432 \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0435\u043C\u043D\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0440\u044C\u0435."@ru , "F\u00E1jl:Rome carthage 218. jpg R\u00F3ma (r\u00F3zsasz\u00EDn), illetve Karth\u00E1g\u00F3 (s\u00F6t\u00E9tk\u00E9k) befoly\u00E1si z\u00F3n\u00E1i Kr. e. 218-ban, k\u00F6zvetlen\u00FCl a m\u00E1sodik pun h\u00E1bor\u00FAt megel\u0151z\u0151en. F\u00E1jl:Battles second punic war. png A m\u00E1sodik pun h\u00E1bor\u00FA csat\u00E1i A m\u00E1sodik pun h\u00E1bor\u00FA, vagy ahogy a r\u00F3maiak nevezt\u00E9k, Hannibal elleni h\u00E1bor\u00FA a F\u00F6ldk\u00F6zi-tenger medenc\u00E9j\u00E9ben v\u00EDvott h\u00E1bor\u00FA volt a R\u00F3mai K\u00F6zt\u00E1rsas\u00E1g \u00E9s a Hannibal vezette karth\u00E1g\u00F3i seregek k\u00F6z\u00F6tt, Kr. e. 218 \u00E9s 201 k\u00F6z\u00F6tt."@hu , "Andra puniska kriget var ett av de puniska krigen som 218\u2013202 f. Kr. utk\u00E4mpades mellan Romerska republiken och Karthago. Andra puniska kriget, som av romarna ben\u00E4mndes som \"kriget mot Hannibal\", var det andra av tre stora krig som utk\u00E4mpades i olika perioder mellan \u00E5r 264 och 146 f. Kr. Konflikterna kallades \"puniska krigen\", beroende p\u00E5 att puner var romarnas namn p\u00E5 fenicier, det vill s\u00E4ga folk fr\u00E5n Karthago, som l\u00E5g i nuvarande Tunisien p\u00E5 Afrikas nordkust."@sv , "A Segunda Guerra P\u00FAnica \u00E9 o mais conhecido dos confrontos b\u00E9licos acontecidos no quadro das Guerras P\u00FAnicas entre as duas pot\u00EAncias que ent\u00E3o dominavam o Mediterr\u00E2neo ocidental: Roma e Cartago. A contenda acostuma datar-se desde 218 a.C. , data da declara\u00E7\u00E3o de guerra de Roma ap\u00F3s a destrui\u00E7\u00E3o de Sagunto, at\u00E9 201 a.C. , em que An\u00EDbal e Cipi\u00E3o acordaram as condi\u00E7\u00F5es da rendi\u00E7\u00E3o de Cartago. Foi atrav\u00E9s da vit\u00F3ria neste conflito que Roma come\u00E7ou sua grande expans\u00E3o."@pt , "Toinen puunilaissota k\u00E4ytiin Rooman tasavallan ja Karthagon v\u00E4lill\u00E4 vuosina 218 eaa. \u2013202 eaa. Menetetty\u00E4\u00E4n Sisilian Karthago valloitti maita Iberian niemimaalta. Vuonna 218 eaa. karthagolainen kenraali Hannibal johti armeijan Alppien yli Italiaan. Yli 40 000 sotilaan vahvuisesta armeijasta selvisi perille vain 26 000. Hannibalin elefanteista selvisi t\u00E4st\u00E4 matkasta vain yksi. Roomalaiset l\u00E4hettiv\u00E4t joukkoja tuhoamaan Hannibalin armeijaa, mutta heid\u00E4t ly\u00F6tiin takaisin."@fi , "La Segona Guerra P\u00FAnica fou la guerra m\u00E9s important de les tres lliurades entre Roma i Cartago, que a la fi van comportar la destrucci\u00F3 de la civilitzaci\u00F3 cartaginesa."@ca , "Druga wojna punicka toczy\u0142a si\u0119 w latach 218-201 p.n.e. mi\u0119dzy Kartagin\u0105 i Rzymem. Prowadzona by\u0142a na P\u00F3\u0142wyspie Apeni\u0144skim, Iberyjskim, na Sycylii i w Afryce P\u00F3\u0142nocnej. Jej g\u0142\u00F3wn\u0105 postaci\u0105 by\u0142 Hannibal, kartagi\u0144ski w\u00F3dz z rodu Barkid\u00F3w. Pretekstem do wojny by\u0142o zaatakowanie przez Hannibala Saguntu, sprzymierzonego z Rzymem miasta-pa\u0144stwa na obecnym wybrze\u017Cu katalo\u0144skim."@pl , "Der Zweite Punische Krieg wurde von 218 v. Chr. bis 201 v. Chr. zwischen R\u00F6mern und Karthagern ausgetragen. Der karthagische Feldherr Hannibal aus dem Geschlecht der Barkiden brachte Rom zun\u00E4chst durch eine Reihe taktisch genial gef\u00FChrter Schlachten an den Rand der Niederlage. Die R\u00F6mer gingen daraufhin zu einem langj\u00E4hrigen Abnutzungskrieg \u00FCber und siegten schlie\u00DFlich in der Schlacht von Zama unter ihrem Feldherrn Scipio dem \u00C4lteren."@de , "La deuxi\u00E8me guerre punique, est le deuxi\u00E8me des trois conflits qui oppos\u00E8rent Rome \u00E0 Carthage. Les grandes figures de cet affrontement sont c\u00E9l\u00E8bres. Du c\u00F4t\u00E9 carthaginois, le g\u00E9n\u00E9ral Hannibal Barca passa avec ses \u00E9l\u00E9phants les Pyr\u00E9n\u00E9es, le Rh\u00F4ne et les Alpes, et remporta une s\u00E9rie de victoires sur les l\u00E9gions romaines. Du c\u00F4t\u00E9 romain, les Scipion men\u00E8rent des contre-attaques d\u00E9cisives en Espagne, puis en Afrique."@fr , "The Second Punic War, also referred to as The Hannibalic War and (by the Romans) The War Against Hannibal, lasted from 218 to 201 BC and involved combatants in the western and eastern Mediterranean. This was the second major war between Carthage and the Roman Republic, who had three warring conflicts against each other over the courses of their existences. They are called the \"Punic Wars\" because Rome's name for Carthaginians was Punici, due to their Phoenician ancestry."@en , "\u0414\u0440\u0443\u0301\u0433\u0430 \u041F\u0443\u043D\u0456\u0301\u0447\u043D\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0430\u0301 (\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u043E\u0436 \u0440\u0438\u043C\u043B\u044F\u043D\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u00AB\u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E\u0301\u044E \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0301\u0442\u0438 \u0413\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0456\u0431\u0430\u0301\u043B\u0430\u00BB \u0456 \u0433\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0456\u0431\u0430\u0301\u043B\u043E\u0432\u043E\u044E \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E\u0301\u044E) \u2014 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0430, \u0449\u043E \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043B\u0430 \u0437 218 \u043F\u043E 202 \u0434\u043E \u043D. \u0435. , \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0456\u0439 \u044F\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0431\u0443\u043B\u043E \u0417\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043D\u0435 \u0421\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0437\u0435\u043C\u043D\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0440'\u044F."@uk , "Den andre punerkrigen ble utkjempet mellom Karthago og Roma fra 218 til 201 f. Kr. Den var den andre av tre betydelige kriger mellom den tidligere f\u00F8nikiske kolonien Karthago og den romerske republikk som da fremdeles var begrenset til den italienske halv\u00F8ya. Konfliktene ble kalt \u00ABpunerkriger\u00BB fordi romernes navn for karthagenerne var Punici (eldre Poenici) p\u00E5 grunn av deres f\u00F8nikiske opphav."@no , "Druh\u00E1 punsk\u00E1 v\u00E1lka byla vybojov\u00E1na mezi \u0158\u00EDmany a Kartaginci v letech 218 a\u017E 201 p\u0159. n. l. Kartaginsk\u00FD vojev\u016Fdce Hannibal z rodu Barkas\u016F v n\u00ED nejprve \u0158\u00EDmu u\u0161t\u011Bd\u0159il \u0159adu por\u00E1\u017Eek v takticky geni\u00E1ln\u011B veden\u00FDch bitv\u00E1ch, kter\u00E9 jsou dodnes uv\u00E1d\u011Bny ve vojensk\u00FDch u\u010Debnic\u00EDch."@cs , "La Segunda Guerra P\u00FAnica es el m\u00E1s conocido de los enfrentamientos b\u00E9licos acaecidos en el marco de las Guerras P\u00FAnicas entre las dos potencias que entonces dominaban el Mediterr\u00E1neo occidental: Roma y Cartago. La contienda se suele datar desde el a\u00F1o 218 a. C. , fecha de la declaraci\u00F3n de guerra de Roma tras la destrucci\u00F3n de Sagunto, hasta el 201 a. C. en el que An\u00EDbal y Escipi\u00F3n acordaron las condiciones de la rendici\u00F3n de Cartago."@es , "De Tweede Punische Oorlog tussen Rome en Carthago was de kostbaarste van de drie Punische oorlogen, die Rome aan de rand van de afgrond bracht. Was de eerste Punische oorlog vooral een maritieme, waarin de Romeinen voor het eerst ervaring met zeeslagen opdeden, de tweede werd geheel te land uitgevochten, waarbij veel grotere aantallen strijders betrokken waren en dus ook grotere verliezen geleden konden worden."@nl , "\u7B2C\u4E8C\u6B21\u5E03\u533F\u6230\u722D\u662F\u53E4\u7F85\u99AC\u548C\u8FE6\u592A\u57FA\u4E4B\u9593\u4E09\u6B21\u5E03\u533F\u6230\u722D\u4E2D\u6700\u9577\u4E5F\u6700\u6709\u540D\u7684\u4E00\u5834\u6230\u722D\uFF0C\u4F5C\u623016\u5E74\uFF0C\u524D218\u5E74-\u524D202\u5E74\u3002"@zh ; foaf:depiction . @prefix skos: . @prefix ns15: . dbpedia:Second_Punic_War skos:subject ns15:Second_Punic_War . @prefix ns16: . dbpedia:Second_Punic_War dbpprop:wikiPageUsesTemplate ns16:infobox_military_conflict , ns16:externalimage , ns16:convert ; dbpprop:date "218 BC|218 to 201 BC"@en ; dbpprop:place , dbpedia:Ancient_Greece , dbpedia:Sicily , dbpedia:Hispania , dbpedia:Cisalpine_Gaul , , dbpedia:Transalpine_Gaul ; dbpprop:convertProperty 5 , "km"@en , "mi"@en ; dbpprop:width "300px"@en ; dbpprop:image ; dbpprop:commander , dbpedia:Hasdrubal_Gisco , dbpedia:Syphax , , dbpedia:Gnaeus_Cornelius_Scipio_Calvus , dbpedia:Masinissa , , dbpedia:Gnaeus_Servilius_Geminus , dbpedia:Gaius_Claudius_Nero , dbpedia:Gaius_Terentius_Varro , dbpedia:Gaius_Flaminius , dbpedia:Marcus_Claudius_Marcellus , dbpedia:Marcus_Livius_Salinator , dbpedia:Maharbal , dbpedia:Publius_Cornelius_Scipio , dbpedia:Hanno_the_Elder , dbpedia:Scipio_Africanus , , dbpedia:Hannibal , dbpedia:Minucius , dbpedia:Fabius_Maximus ; dbpprop:align "right"@en ; dbpprop:casualties "over 250,000 killed, wounded, or taken prisoner"@en , "up to 500,000 killed or wounded"@en ; dbpprop:territory "Rome gets foothold in Iberia and the Balearic Islands, Punic Africa becomes client of Rome, Numidia becomes united"@en ; dbpprop:combatant dbpedia:Pergamon , , dbpedia:Macedon , dbpedia:Aetolian_League , dbpedia:Carthaginian_Republic , dbpedia:Roman_Republic ; dbpprop:casus "Official Roman version: Hannibal's attack on Saguntum\nAccording to chronology: further annexation of territory on the Iberian peninsula"@en . @prefix ns17: . dbpedia:Second_Punic_War dbpprop:relatedInstance ns17:legend3 , ns17:legend4 , ns17:legend1 , ns17:legend2 ; 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