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dbpedia:Doris_Lessing dbpedia-owl:movement dbpedia:Postmodernism .
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dbpedia:Postmodernism foaf:page ns9:Postmodernism ;
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@prefix rdfs: .
dbpedia:Postmodernism rdfs:label "Postmoderne"@de ,
"Postmodernisme"@nl ,
"Postmodernisme"@no ,
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"Postmoderna"@cs ,
"Postmodernismo"@it ,
"\u30DD\u30B9\u30C8\u30E2\u30C0\u30F3"@ja ,
"Postmodernism"@ro ,
"Postmodernismi"@fi ,
"Postmodernitat"@ca ,
"\u041F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0456\u0437\u043C"@uk ,
"Postmodernism"@sv ,
"Postmodernizm (filozofia)"@pl ,
"Posztmodern"@hu ,
"\u540E\u73B0\u4EE3\u4E3B\u4E49"@zh ,
"Postmodernidad"@es ,
"Postmodernism"@en ,
"Postmodernisme"@fr ,
"Postmodernizm"@tr ;
dbpprop:abstract "Der Begriff Postmoderne (von lat. post = hinter, nach) dient zur Bezeichnung des Zustands der abendl\u00E4ndischen Gesellschaft, Kultur und Kunst \u201Enach\u201C der Moderne. Vertreter der Postmoderne kritisieren das Innovationsstreben der Moderne als lediglich habituell und automatisiert. Sie bescheinigen der Moderne ein illegitimes Vorherrschen eines totalit\u00E4ren Prinzips, das auf gesellschaftlicher Ebene Z\u00FCge von Despotismus in sich trage. Ma\u00DFgebliche Ans\u00E4tze der Moderne seien eindimensional und gescheitert. Dem wird die M\u00F6glichkeit einer Vielfalt gleichberechtigt nebeneinander bestehender Perspektiven gegen\u00FCbergestellt. Mit der Forderung nach einer prinzipiellen Offenheit von Kunst wird auch kritisch auf die \u00C4sthetik der Moderne Bezug genommen. Die Diskussion \u00FCber die zeitliche und inhaltliche Bestimmung dessen, was genau postmodern sei, wird etwa seit Anfang der 1980er Jahre gef\u00FChrt. Postmodernes Denken will nicht als blo\u00DFe Zeitdiagnose verstanden werden, sondern als Denkbewegung, die sich gegen Grundannahmen der Moderne wendet und Alternativen aufzeigt."@de ,
"Postmodernism (often abbreviated pomo in adjective form) literally means 'after the modernist movement'. While \"modern\" itself refers to something \"related to the present\", the movement of modernism and the following reaction of postmodernism are defined by a set of perspectives. It is used in critical theory to refer to a point of departure for works of literature, drama, architecture, cinema, journalism and design, as well as in marketing and business and in the interpretation of history, law, culture and religion in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Postmodernism is an aesthetic, literary, political or social philosophy, which was the basis of the attempt to describe a condition, or a state of being, or something concerned with changes to institutions and conditions (as in Giddens, 1990) as postmodernity. In other words, postmodernism is the \"cultural and intellectual phenomenon\", especially since the 1920s' new movements in the arts, while postmodernity focuses on social and political outworkings and innovations globally, especially since the 1960s in the West. The Compact Oxford English Dictionary refers to postmodernism as \"a style and concept in the arts characterized by distrust of theories and ideologies and by the drawing of attention to conventions. \" The term postmodern is described by Merriam-Webster as meaning either \"of, relating to, or being an era after a modern one\" or \"of, relating to, or being any of various movements in reaction to modernism that are typically characterized by a return to traditional materials and forms (as in architecture) or by ironic self-reference and absurdity (as in literature)\", or finally \"of, relating to, or being a theory that involves a radical reappraisal of modern assumptions about culture, identity, history, or language\". The American Heritage Dictionary describes the meaning of the same term as \"Of or relating to art, architecture, or literature that reacts against earlier modernist principles, as by reintroducing traditional or classical elements of style or by carrying modernist styles or practices to extremes: \u201CIt [a roadhouse] is so architecturally interesting \u2026 with its postmodern wooden booths and sculptural clock\u201D."@en ,
"Postmodernism \u00E4r ett begrepp som syftar p\u00E5 en utveckling inom kritisk teori, filosofi, arkitektur, konst, litteratur och kultur som kan beskrivas som antingen sprungen ur eller en reaktion p\u00E5 modernism och modernitet. Postmodernismen har \u00E4ven definierats som trevandet efter n\u00E5got nytt efter det att luften g\u00E5tt ur modernismen. Men vad postmodernism egentligen inneb\u00E4r \u00E4r inte klart definierat, utan f\u00F6rem\u00E5l f\u00F6r st\u00E4ndig debatt. Utifr\u00E5n ett historiskt perspektiv kan man tyda en kronologisk ordning fr\u00E5n det moderna till det postmoderna. N\u00E4r man beskriver kulturella tillst\u00E5nd \u00E4r det dock viktigt att vara medveten om hur det moderna och det postmodern existerar parallellt mellan olika kulturella och sociala skikt i v\u00E5r samtid. Postmodernismen v\u00E4nde sig ifr\u00E5n tanken p\u00E5 att det fanns fasta v\u00E4rden, absoluta sanningar och jagets existens och kritiserade d\u00E4rmed varje tanke p\u00E5 objektivitet. Ist\u00E4llet \u00E4r allt relationellt och kontextuellt; den postmoderna v\u00E4rldsbilden \u00E4r skeptisk."@sv ,
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"El t\u00E9rmino posmodernismo o posmodernidad designa generalmente un amplio n\u00FAmero de movimientos art\u00EDsticos, culturales, literarios y filos\u00F3ficos del siglo XX, definidos en diverso grado y manera por su oposici\u00F3n o superaci\u00F3n del moderno. En sociolog\u00EDa en cambio, los t\u00E9rminos posmoderno y posmodernizaci\u00F3n se refieren al proceso cultural observado en muchos pa\u00EDses en las \u00FAltimas dos d\u00E9cadas, identificado a principios de los 70, esta otra acepci\u00F3n de la palabra se explica bajo el t\u00E9rmino postmaterialismo. Las diferentes corrientes del movimiento posmoderno aparecieron durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Aunque se aplica a corrientes muy diversas, todas ellas comparten la idea de que el proyecto modernista fracas\u00F3 en su intento de renovaci\u00F3n radical de las formas tradicionales del arte y la cultura, el pensamiento y la vida social. Uno de los mayores problemas a la hora de tratar este tema resulta justamente en llegar a un concepto o definici\u00F3n precisa de lo que es la posmodernidad. La dificultad en esta tarea resulta de diversos factores, entre los cuales los principales inconvenientes son la actualidad, y por lo tanto la escasez e imprecisi\u00F3n de los datos a analizar. Como tambi\u00E9n la falta de un marco te\u00F3rico v\u00E1lido para poder analizar extensivamente todos los hechos que se van dando a lo largo de este complejo proceso que se llama posmodernismo. Pero el principal obst\u00E1culo proviene justamente del mismo proceso que se quiere definir, porque es eso precisamente lo que falta en esta era: un sistema, una totalidad, un orden, una unidad, en definitiva coherencia. Se suele dividir a la posmodernidad en tres sectores, dependiendo de su \u00E1rea de influencia. Como un periodo hist\u00F3rico, como una actitud filos\u00F3fica, o como un movimiento art\u00EDstico. Hist\u00F3rica, ideol\u00F3gica y metodol\u00F3gicamente diversos, comparten sin embargo un parecido de familia centrado en la idea de que la renovaci\u00F3n radical de las formas tradicionales en el arte, la cultura, el pensamiento y la vida social impulsada por el proyecto modernista, fracas\u00F3 en su intento de lograr la emancipaci\u00F3n de la humanidad, y de que un proyecto semejante es imposible o inalcanzable en las condiciones actuales. Frente al compromiso riguroso con la innovaci\u00F3n, el progreso y la cr\u00EDtica de las vanguardias art\u00EDsticas, intelectuales y sociales, al que considera una forma refinada de teolog\u00EDa autoritaria, el posmodernismo defiende la hibridaci\u00F3n, la cultura popular, el descentramiento de la autoridad intelectual y cient\u00EDfica y la desconfianza ante los grandes relatos."@es ,
"El terme postmodernitat designa gen\u00E8ricament un ampli nombre de moviments art\u00EDstics, culturals i filos\u00F2fics del segle XX definits en divers grau i manera per la seva oposici\u00F3 a (o superaci\u00F3 al\u00B7legada de) la modernitat (concepte, aquest darrer, similar, per\u00F2 no id\u00E8ntic, al d'Edat Contempor\u00E0nia). En aquesta accepci\u00F3 concreta de 'moviment postmodern' o 'ideologia postmoderna', a voltes la postmodernitat es designa tamb\u00E9 com a \"postmodernisme\", per\u00F2 aquest terme, com a designaci\u00F3 d'aquest concepte, est\u00E0 mal format i \u00E9s confusionari. Tamb\u00E9 s'anomena postmodernitat un determinat per\u00EDode hist\u00F2ric que es postula com a posterior a la modernitat; vegeu l'article Postmodernitat (per\u00EDode). Els diferents corrents del moviment postmodern van apar\u00E8ixer al llarg del ter\u00E7 central del segle XX. Hist\u00F2ricament, ideol\u00F2gicament i metodol\u00F2gicament diversos, comparteixen, per\u00F2, una semblan\u00E7a de fam\u00EDlia centrat en la idea que la renovaci\u00F3 radical de les formes tradicionals en l'art, la cultura, el pensament i la vida social impulsada pel projecte modernista va fracassar en el seu intent d'assolir l'emancipaci\u00F3 de la humanitat, i que un projecte semblant \u00E9s impossible o inassolible en les condicions actuals. Enfront del comprom\u00EDs rigor\u00F3s amb la innovaci\u00F3, el progr\u00E9s i la cr\u00EDtica, que caracteritz\u00E0 les avantguardes art\u00EDstiques, intel\u00B7lectuals i socials, actitud que considera una forma refinada de teologia autorit\u00E0ria, la ideologia postmoderna defensa la hibridaci\u00F3, la cultura popular, el descentrament de l'autoritat intel\u00B7lectual i cient\u00EDfica i la desconfian\u00E7a davant el que defineix com a grans relats."@ca ,
"Postmodernisme er en betegnelse p\u00E5 ulike retninger innenfor humaniora, samfunnsvitenskap og kunst, fra annen halvdel av 1900-tallet til f\u00F8rste del av 2000-tallet. Selve begrepet \u00ABpostmodernisme\u00BB er omstridt, i likhet med de ulike tankeretningene og metodologiene som kan inkluderes i begrepet. Enkelte later til \u00E5 betrakte \u00ABpostmodernismen\u00BB som enda en blant mylderet av \u00ABismer\u00BB innenfor modernismen; andre mener det dreier seg om en helt ny retning i id\u00E9historien."@no ,
"Le postmodernisme est un mouvement artistique, lanc\u00E9 et th\u00E9oris\u00E9 en 1977 par Charles Jencks, qui engage une rupture ironique avec les conventions anhistoriques du modernisme en architecture et en urbanisme, tout particuli\u00E8rement avec les pr\u00E9tentions du style international \u00E0 conclure l'histoire et \u00E0 ignorer la g\u00E9ographie. Dans Le Langage de l'architecture postmoderne, qui est le premier manifeste publi\u00E9 par ce mouvement, Charles Jencks r\u00E9inscrit l'architecture dans le fil d'une histoire g\u00E9n\u00E9rale des mouvements artistiques, incite \u00E0 un retour aux compositions et aux motifs emprunt\u00E9s au pass\u00E9, \u00E0 un \u00E9clectisme s'appuyant sur un regard nouveau portant aussi bien sur la culture populaire et son expression architecturale (le \u00AB\u00A0vernaculaire commercial\u00A0\u00BB de Robert Venturi), que sur la culture savante (le \u00AB\u00A0n\u00E9oclassique\u00A0\u00BB de Ricardo Bofill). Le postmodernisme est un courant majeur de la pens\u00E9e architecturale de la deuxi\u00E8me moiti\u00E9 du XX si\u00E8cle. Il introduit une distance critique par rapport \u00E0 un discours moderne devenu h\u00E9g\u00E9monique. Consid\u00E9r\u00E9 aux USA comme un terme purement stylistique, le postmodernisme est la r\u00E9introduction de l'\u00E9clectisme en architecture, mais en englobant aussi le Modernisme et le Style international, reconsid\u00E9r\u00E9s comme de simples moments de l'histoire de l'architecture avec lesquels on a pris ses distances. Mais en Europe, ce discours critique porte aussi sur la d\u00E9contextualisation sociale, politique et g\u00E9ographique de l'urbanisme moderne admettant \u00E0 des contre-propositions comme celles de Christopher Alexander ou de Fran\u00E7ois Spoerry. Le terme postmoderne a par ailleurs \u00E9t\u00E9 utilis\u00E9 et popularis\u00E9 par Jean-Fran\u00E7ois Lyotard dans La condition postmoderne - rapport sur le savoir (1979). Bien que les termes postmodernisme, postmoderne et postmodernit\u00E9 soient souvent employ\u00E9s indiff\u00E9remment, il convient donc de distinguer le postmodernisme, compris en tant que mouvement artistique qui fait l'objet de cet article, de la condition postmoderne et de la postmodernit\u00E9, ensemble des caract\u00E9ristiques des soci\u00E9t\u00E9s postindustrielles."@fr ,
"Postmodernizm, modernizmin sonras\u0131 ya da \u00F6tesi anlam\u0131nda bir tan\u0131mlama olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r ve modern d\u00FC\u015F\u00FCnceye ve k\u00FClt\u00FCre ait temel kavram ve perspektiflerin sorunsalla\u015Ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla ve hatta bunlar\u0131n yads\u0131nmas\u0131yla birlikte y\u00FCr\u00FCt\u00FClmektedir. Teori alan\u0131nda modernist sanat bi\u00E7imleri ve uygulamalar\u0131ndan koptu\u011Fu iddia edilen bir dizi k\u00FClt\u00FCrel yap\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 tan\u0131mlayan mimarl\u0131k, felsefe, edebiyat, g\u00FCzel sanatlar gibi alanlarda yeni k\u00FClt\u00FCr bi\u00E7imlerin i\u015Faretleri olarak ba\u015Flam\u0131\u015Ft\u0131r. Bu tart\u0131\u015Fmalar zamanla di\u011Fer bir\u00E7ok alanlara ve disiplinlere de yans\u0131m\u0131\u015Ft\u0131r. Sonunda bir b\u00FCt\u00FCn olarak modernitenin sorgulanmas\u0131na ve a\u015F\u0131lmas\u0131 aray\u0131\u015F\u0131na d\u00F6n\u00FC\u015Fm\u00FC\u015Ft\u00FCr. Bununla birlikte, postmodernizmi yeni bir tarihsel evre olarak anlamaktansa modernizmin kendi i\u00E7inde bir a\u015Fama ya da \u00F6zg\u00FCl bir d\u00F6nem olarak anlama \u00E7abalar\u0131 da s\u00F6z konusudur. Postmodernizm, bu anlamda kendine y\u00F6nelik itiraz ve ele\u015Ftirileri de i\u00E7ine alacak \u015Fekilde s\u00FCre gelen bir modernizm/modernite/modernlik soru\u015Fturmas\u0131 ve tart\u0131\u015Fmas\u0131 olarak g\u00F6r\u00FClmektedir."@tr ,
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\u0442\u044F\u0433\u043E\u0442\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043B\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044B \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043A\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0441\u043E\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043F\u043E\u0434 \u0432\u043B\u0438\u044F\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0438\u0437\u043C\u0430, \u043A \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438."@ru ,
"Postmodernisme is een stroming in de filosofie en de kunst die gezien wordt als een reactie op en een radicale afscheuring van het modernisme. Echter, postmodernisme heeft ook veel elementen van het existentialisme van de jaren '40 en '50 meegenomen in haar ontwikkeling."@nl ,
"\u0424\u0430\u0439\u043B:Guggenheim-bilbao-jan05. jpg \u041C\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439 \u0413\u0443\u0433\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0445\u0435\u0439\u043C\u0430 \u0432 \u0411\u0456\u043B\u044C\u0431\u0430\u043E \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0456\u0442\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0456\u0437\u043C\u0443. \u041F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0456\u0301\u0437\u043C \u2014 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043E\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434\u043D\u043E-\u043C\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0446\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u044F\u043C, \u0449\u043E \u0432 \u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0456 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044F\u0442\u0438\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0442\u044F 20 \u0441\u0442\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0442\u044F \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044C \u043D\u0430 \u0437\u043C\u0456\u043D\u0443 \u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0456\u0437\u043C\u043E\u0432\u0456. \u0426\u0435\u0439 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u044F\u043C \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0434\u0443\u043A\u0442 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456\u043D\u0434\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0435\u043F\u043E\u0445\u0438, \u0435\u043F\u043E\u0445\u0438 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u043F\u0430\u0434\u0443 \u0446\u0456\u043B\u0456\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434\u0443 \u043D\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442, \u0440\u0443\u0439\u043D\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C \u2014 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043E\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434\u043D\u043E-\u0444\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445, \u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0445, \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0445."@uk ,
"Postmodernismul este termenul de referin\u0163\u0103 aplicat unei vaste game de evolu\u0163ii \u00EEn domeniile de teorie critic\u0103, filozofie, arhitectur\u0103, art\u0103, literatur\u0103 \u015Fi cultur\u0103. Diversele expresii ale postmodernismului provin, dep\u0103\u015Fesc sau s\u00E2nt o reac\u0163ie a modernismului. Dac\u0103 modernismul se consider\u0103 pe sine o culminare a c\u0103ut\u0103rii unei estetici a iluminismului, o etic\u0103, postmodernismul se ocup\u0103 de modul \u00EEn care autoritatea unor entit\u0103\u0163i ideale (numite metanara\u0163iuni) este sl\u0103bit\u0103 prin procesul de fragmentare, consumerism, \u015Fi deconstruc\u0163ie. Jean-Fran\u00E7ois Lyotard a descris acest curent drept o \u201Emefien\u0163\u0103 \u00EEn metanara\u0163iuni\u201D (Lyotard, 1984). \u00CEn viziunea lui Jean-Fran\u00E7ois Lyotard, postmodernismul atac\u0103 ideea unor universalii monolitice \u015Fi \u00EEn schimb \u00EEncurajeaz\u0103 perspectivele fracturate, fluide \u015Fi pe cele multiple. Un termen \u00EEnrudit este postmodernitatea, care se refer\u0103 la toate fenomenele care au succedat modernit\u0103\u0163ii. Postmodernitatea include un accent pe condi\u0163ia sociologic\u0103, tehnologic\u0103 sau celelalte condi\u0163ii care disting Epoca Modern\u0103 de tot ce a urmat dup\u0103 ea. Postmodernismul, pe de alt\u0103 parte reprezint\u0103 un set de r\u0103spunsuri, de ordin intelectual, cultural, artistic, academic, sau filosofic la condi\u0163ia postmodernit\u0103\u0163ii. Un alt termen conex este adjectivul postmodern (deseori folosit incorect sub forma \u201Epostmodernist\u201D), utilizat pentru a descrie condi\u0163ia sau r\u0103spunsul la postmodernitate. De exemplu, se poate face referin\u0163\u0103 la arhitectur\u0103 postmodern\u0103, literatur\u0103 postmodern\u0103, cultur\u0103 postmodern\u0103, filosofie postmodern\u0103."@ro ,
"Postmoderna (tak\u00E9 postmodernismus) je evropsk\u00FD my\u0161lenkov\u00FD sm\u011Br konce 20. stolet\u00ED. Tento pojem vznikl na z\u00E1klad\u011B kr\u00E1tk\u00E9, ale vlivn\u00E9 knihy Jeana-Fran\u00E7oise Lyotarda O postmodernismu (La condition postmoderne, 1979, \u010D. 1993)."@cs ,
"A posztmodern a modernizmus ut\u00E1ni korszak megnevez\u00E9se, nagyj\u00E1b\u00F3l az 1960-as \u00E9vek v\u00E9g\u00E9t\u0151l. Lyotard a posztmodern meghat\u00E1roz\u00E1sak\u00E9nt a k\u00F6vetkez\u0151ket mondja: \u201EV\u00E9gs\u0151kig leegyszer\u0171s\u00EDtve, a \u201Eposztmodernt\u201D a nagy elbesz\u00E9l\u00E9sekkel szembeni bizalmatlans\u00E1gban hat\u00E1rozom meg. \u201D Mit is \u00E9rt\u00FCnk nagy narrat\u00EDv\u00E1k \u2013 vagy m\u00E1s hely\u00FCtt meta-elbesz\u00E9l\u00E9sek \u2013 alatt? Lyotard a k\u00F6vetkez\u0151ket nevezi meg: \u201Eaz \u00E9sz \u00E9s a szabads\u00E1g progressz\u00EDv emancip\u00E1ci\u00F3ja, a munka (az elidegenedett \u00E9rt\u00E9k forr\u00E1sa a kapitalizmusban) halad\u00F3 vagy puszt\u00EDt\u00F3 emancip\u00E1ci\u00F3ja, az eg\u00E9sz emberis\u00E9g gazdagod\u00E1sa a t\u0151k\u00E9s techno-tudom\u00E1ny r\u00E9v\u00E9n, s\u0151t, ha mag\u00E1t a kereszty\u00E9ns\u00E9get is a modernhez sz\u00E1m\u00EDtjuk, akkor a teremtm\u00E9nyek \u00FCdv\u00F6z\u00FCl\u00E9se a l\u00E9lek megt\u00E9r\u00E9s\u00E9vel a v\u00E9rtan\u00FAi szeretett\u0151l a krisztusi elbesz\u00E9l\u00E9shez. \u201D A posztmodern gondolkod\u00E1s szerint a meta-narrat\u00EDv\u00E1k a fenn\u00E1ll\u00F3 t\u00E1rsadalmi rendszer int\u00E9zm\u00E9nyeinek a fenntart\u00E1s\u00E1ra szolg\u00E1ltak. Tulajdonk\u00E9ppen a vil\u00E1g ideol\u00F3giai h\u00E1tter\u00E9t adt\u00E1k. Helyesen jegyzi meg P\u00E1sztor J\u00E1nos, hogy Auschwitz t\u00E9nye \u00F6nmag\u00E1\u00E9rt besz\u00E9l, puszta t\u00E9nye c\u00E1folata a modern halad\u00E1seszm\u00E9nynek. Ennek hely\u00E9be l\u00E9p a posztmodern, aminek jellemz\u0151je a bizalmatlans\u00E1g \u00E9s a bizonytalans\u00E1g . A meta-narrat\u00EDv\u00E1k legitim\u00E1ci\u00F3k\u00E9nt szolg\u00E1lt\u00E1k a t\u00E1rsadalmat, megadva annak metafizikai megalapoz\u00E1s\u00E1t."@hu ,
"\u30DD\u30B9\u30C8\u30E2\u30C0\u30F3\uFF08Postmodern\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u300C\u30E2\u30C0\u30F3\uFF08\u8FD1\u4EE3\uFF09\u306E\u6B21\u300D\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610F\u5473\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001\u30E2\u30C0\u30CB\u30BA\u30E0\uFF08\u8FD1\u4EE3\u4E3B\u7FA9\uFF09\u304C\u305D\u306E\u6210\u7ACB\u306E\u6761\u4EF6\u3092\u5931\u3063\u305F\uFF08\u3068\u601D\u308F\u308C\u305F\uFF09\u6642\u4EE3\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3002\u30DD\u30B9\u30C8\u30E2\u30C0\u30CB\u30BA\u30E0\uFF08Postmodernism\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u305D\u306E\u3088\u3046\u306A\u6642\u4EE3\u3092\u80CC\u666F\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6210\u7ACB\u3057\u305F\u3001\u30E2\u30C0\u30CB\u30BA\u30E0\u3092\u6279\u5224\u3059\u308B\u6587\u5316\u4E0A\u306E\u904B\u52D5\u3067\u3001\u8FD1\u4EE3\u306E\u884C\u8A70\u308A\u3092\u514B\u670D\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308B\u52D5\u304D\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3002 \u4E3B\u306B\u54F2\u5B66\u30FB\u601D\u60F3\u30FB\u6587\u5B66\u30FB\u5EFA\u7BC9\u306E\u5206\u91CE\u3067\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308C\u305F\u8A9E\u3002"@ja ,
"Postmodernismi (my\u00F6s j\u00E4lkimodernismi tai my\u00F6h\u00E4ismodernismi) on taiteellinen, filosofinen ja kulttuurinen liike tai tila, jonka v\u00E4itettiin syntyneen modernismin takia ja sen j\u00E4lkeen. Postmodernismi oli joidenkin ajattelijoiden mielest\u00E4 modernismin kritiikki\u00E4. Postmodernismi n\u00E4htiin my\u00F6s modernin luonnollisena jatkumona tai sit\u00E4 t\u00E4ydent\u00E4v\u00E4n\u00E4 aatesuuntana. Postmoderni on postmodernismin lyhempi ilmaisu ja postmodernisteiksi kutsuttiin aatesuunnan kannattajia. Postmodernismi tarkoitti asioiden tilaa, joka syntyi modernisoitumisen j\u00E4lkeen, tarkemmin sanoen modernisaation kriisin yhteydess\u00E4 1800-luvun lopun Euroopassa, josta eurooppalainen ajattelu ei ole toipunut. Postmodernistit v\u00E4ittiv\u00E4t valistuksen ajasta, teollisesta vallankumouksesta ja marxilaisuudesta alkaneen modernin aikakauden p\u00E4\u00E4ttyneen. Toisaalta on mahdotonta erotella tarkasti tai jyrk\u00E4sti eri aikakausia. Postmodernistit asettivat sanan \"teollinen vallankumous\" suurennuslasin alle. En\u00E4\u00E4 olisi j\u00E4ljell\u00E4 vain \"loputon nykyaika\" t\u00E4ynn\u00E4 vastakkaisia tarkoituksia. Postmoderni kulttuuri rakentui paljolti parodiasta, pastisseista ja kulttuurisista limittymisist\u00E4. Perinteisen historian loppua ja ristiriitaisuuksien tasoittumista kuvasi Francis Fukuyama kirjassaan Historian loppu (1992) tilana, jossa h\u00E4nen v\u00E4itt\u00E4m\u00E4ns\u00E4 mukaan l\u00E4nsimainen liberalismi olisi voittanut ne poliittiset aatteet, jotka aiheuttivat ristiriitoja. Liberaalin demokratian voitto takasi h\u00E4nen mukaansa sen, ett\u00E4 globaalia taistelua maailmanvallasta ei en\u00E4\u00E4 k\u00E4yty. J\u00E4ljelle j\u00E4isi vain paikallisia konflikteja."@fi ,
"Postmodernizm \u2013 pr\u0105d my\u015Blowy odwo\u0142uj\u0105cy si\u0119 do poczucia ko\u0144ca historii i wielkich narracji."@pl ,
"Postmodernismo \u00E8 un termine la cui origine risale agli anni trenta. Il termine \u201Cpostmoderno\u201D fa infatti per la prima volta la sua apparizione nel mondo della cultura occidentale con un saggio del 1934 di Federico de On\u00EDs relativo alla poesia latinoamericana e con il libro dello storico Arnold Toynbee A Study of History, di qualche anno successivo. Entrambi i riferimenti sono tuttavia estemporanei e fondamentalmente privi di seguito. Il termine acquista, invece, il suo attuale significato allorch\u00E9 alcuni studiosi di letteratura americana cominciano ad applicare alla critica letteraria i metodi ed i linguaggi tipici del cosiddetto \u201Cpost-strutturalismo\u201D francese. Le prime definizioni del postmoderno risalgono a questo periodo. Letteralmente, esso contiene il senso di una posteriorit\u00E0 nei confronti del moderno, ma non tanto in senso cronologico: esso indica piuttosto un diverso modo di rapportarsi al moderno, che non \u00E8 n\u00E9 di opposizione (antimoderno) n\u00E9 di superamento (ultramoderno). Viene applicato ad un vasto insieme di sviluppi nella teoria critica, in filosofia, design, architettura, arte, musica, letteratura, religione, psicologia, sociologia e cultura. L'uso del termine \"postmodernismo\" \u00E8 molto controverso. Talvolta \u00E8 utilizzato con un significato molto specifico, per riferirsi a teorie caratterizzate da complessit\u00E0, labirinticit\u00E0, prospettivismo, eclettismo, relativismo, sincretismo, decostruzionismo o decostruttivismo, nichilismo, anti-Illuminismo o antimodernismo. Altre volte il termine \u00E8 utilizzato con significati molto pi\u00F9 generali. Coloro che non ritengono il post-modernismo come una vera nuova era storica lo usano per fare riferimento al \"tardo modernismo\"."@it ;
rdfs:comment "El terme postmodernitat designa gen\u00E8ricament un ampli nombre de moviments art\u00EDstics, culturals i filos\u00F2fics del segle XX definits en divers grau i manera per la seva oposici\u00F3 a (o superaci\u00F3 al\u00B7legada de) la modernitat (concepte, aquest darrer, similar, per\u00F2 no id\u00E8ntic, al d'Edat Contempor\u00E0nia)."@ca ,
"El t\u00E9rmino posmodernismo o posmodernidad designa generalmente un amplio n\u00FAmero de movimientos art\u00EDsticos, culturales, literarios y filos\u00F3ficos del siglo XX, definidos en diverso grado y manera por su oposici\u00F3n o superaci\u00F3n del moderno."@es ,
"A posztmodern a modernizmus ut\u00E1ni korszak megnevez\u00E9se, nagyj\u00E1b\u00F3l az 1960-as \u00E9vek v\u00E9g\u00E9t\u0151l. Lyotard a posztmodern meghat\u00E1roz\u00E1sak\u00E9nt a k\u00F6vetkez\u0151ket mondja: \u201EV\u00E9gs\u0151kig leegyszer\u0171s\u00EDtve, a \u201Eposztmodernt\u201D a nagy elbesz\u00E9l\u00E9sekkel szembeni bizalmatlans\u00E1gban hat\u00E1rozom meg."@hu ,
"Der Begriff Postmoderne (von lat. post = hinter, nach) dient zur Bezeichnung des Zustands der abendl\u00E4ndischen Gesellschaft, Kultur und Kunst \u201Enach\u201C der Moderne. Vertreter der Postmoderne kritisieren das Innovationsstreben der Moderne als lediglich habituell und automatisiert. Sie bescheinigen der Moderne ein illegitimes Vorherrschen eines totalit\u00E4ren Prinzips, das auf gesellschaftlicher Ebene Z\u00FCge von Despotismus in sich trage."@de ,
"Postmodernismi (my\u00F6s j\u00E4lkimodernismi tai my\u00F6h\u00E4ismodernismi) on taiteellinen, filosofinen ja kulttuurinen liike tai tila, jonka v\u00E4itettiin syntyneen modernismin takia ja sen j\u00E4lkeen. Postmodernismi oli joidenkin ajattelijoiden mielest\u00E4 modernismin kritiikki\u00E4. Postmodernismi n\u00E4htiin my\u00F6s modernin luonnollisena jatkumona tai sit\u00E4 t\u00E4ydent\u00E4v\u00E4n\u00E4 aatesuuntana. Postmoderni on postmodernismin lyhempi ilmaisu ja postmodernisteiksi kutsuttiin aatesuunnan kannattajia."@fi ,
"Postmodernisme is een stroming in de filosofie en de kunst die gezien wordt als een reactie op en een radicale afscheuring van het modernisme. Echter, postmodernisme heeft ook veel elementen van het existentialisme van de jaren '40 en '50 meegenomen in haar ontwikkeling."@nl ,
"Postmodernisme er en betegnelse p\u00E5 ulike retninger innenfor humaniora, samfunnsvitenskap og kunst, fra annen halvdel av 1900-tallet til f\u00F8rste del av 2000-tallet. Selve begrepet \u00ABpostmodernisme\u00BB er omstridt, i likhet med de ulike tankeretningene og metodologiene som kan inkluderes i begrepet. Enkelte later til \u00E5 betrakte \u00ABpostmodernismen\u00BB som enda en blant mylderet av \u00ABismer\u00BB innenfor modernismen; andre mener det dreier seg om en helt ny retning i id\u00E9historien."@no ,
""@zh ,
"Le postmodernisme est un mouvement artistique, lanc\u00E9 et th\u00E9oris\u00E9 en 1977 par Charles Jencks, qui engage une rupture ironique avec les conventions anhistoriques du modernisme en architecture et en urbanisme, tout particuli\u00E8rement avec les pr\u00E9tentions du style international \u00E0 conclure l'histoire et \u00E0 ignorer la g\u00E9ographie."@fr ,
"Postmodernismo \u00E8 un termine la cui origine risale agli anni trenta. Il termine \u201Cpostmoderno\u201D fa infatti per la prima volta la sua apparizione nel mondo della cultura occidentale con un saggio del 1934 di Federico de On\u00EDs relativo alla poesia latinoamericana e con il libro dello storico Arnold Toynbee A Study of History, di qualche anno successivo. Entrambi i riferimenti sono tuttavia estemporanei e fondamentalmente privi di seguito."@it ,
"Postmodernismul este termenul de referin\u0163\u0103 aplicat unei vaste game de evolu\u0163ii \u00EEn domeniile de teorie critic\u0103, filozofie, arhitectur\u0103, art\u0103, literatur\u0103 \u015Fi cultur\u0103. Diversele expresii ale postmodernismului provin, dep\u0103\u015Fesc sau s\u00E2nt o reac\u0163ie a modernismului."@ro ,
"Postmodernizm \u2013 pr\u0105d my\u015Blowy odwo\u0142uj\u0105cy si\u0119 do poczucia ko\u0144ca historii i wielkich narracji."@pl ,
"Postmodernizm, modernizmin sonras\u0131 ya da \u00F6tesi anlam\u0131nda bir tan\u0131mlama olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r ve modern d\u00FC\u015F\u00FCnceye ve k\u00FClt\u00FCre ait temel kavram ve perspektiflerin sorunsalla\u015Ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla ve hatta bunlar\u0131n yads\u0131nmas\u0131yla birlikte y\u00FCr\u00FCt\u00FClmektedir."@tr ,
"Postmoderna (tak\u00E9 postmodernismus) je evropsk\u00FD my\u0161lenkov\u00FD sm\u011Br konce 20. stolet\u00ED. Tento pojem vznikl na z\u00E1klad\u011B kr\u00E1tk\u00E9, ale vlivn\u00E9 knihy Jeana-Fran\u00E7oise Lyotarda O postmodernismu (La condition postmoderne, 1979, \u010D. 1993)."@cs ,
"\u0424\u0430\u0439\u043B:Guggenheim-bilbao-jan05. jpg \u041C\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439 \u0413\u0443\u0433\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0445\u0435\u0439\u043C\u0430 \u0432 \u0411\u0456\u043B\u044C\u0431\u0430\u043E \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0456\u0442\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0456\u0437\u043C\u0443. \u041F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0456\u0301\u0437\u043C \u2014 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043E\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434\u043D\u043E-\u043C\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0446\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u044F\u043C, \u0449\u043E \u0432 \u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0456 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044F\u0442\u0438\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0442\u044F 20 \u0441\u0442\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0442\u044F \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044C \u043D\u0430 \u0437\u043C\u0456\u043D\u0443 \u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0456\u0437\u043C\u043E\u0432\u0456."@uk ,
"Postmodernism \u00E4r ett begrepp som syftar p\u00E5 en utveckling inom kritisk teori, filosofi, arkitektur, konst, litteratur och kultur som kan beskrivas som antingen sprungen ur eller en reaktion p\u00E5 modernism och modernitet. Postmodernismen har \u00E4ven definierats som trevandet efter n\u00E5got nytt efter det att luften g\u00E5tt ur modernismen. Men vad postmodernism egentligen inneb\u00E4r \u00E4r inte klart definierat, utan f\u00F6rem\u00E5l f\u00F6r st\u00E4ndig debatt."@sv ,
""@ja ,
"\u0424\u0430\u0439\u043B:Guggenheim-bilbao-jan05. jpg \u041C\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439 \u0413\u0443\u0433\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0445\u0430\u0439\u043C\u0430 \u0432 \u0411\u0438\u043B\u044C\u0431\u0430\u043E\u00A0\u2014 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u0440 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044B \u043F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0438\u0437\u043C\u0430. \u041F\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0438\u0437\u043C\u00A0\u2014 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0438\u043D, \u043E\u0431\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043D\u043E \u0441\u0445\u043E\u0434\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u044F\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0432 \u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0439 \u043E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0438 \u0438 \u043A\u0443\u043B\u044C\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0438\u043D\u044B XX \u0432\u0435\u043A\u0430."@ru ,
"Postmodernism (often abbreviated pomo in adjective form) literally means 'after the modernist movement'. While \"modern\" itself refers to something \"related to the present\", the movement of modernism and the following reaction of postmodernism are defined by a set of perspectives."@en .
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