@prefix owl:	<http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> .
<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ontology_%28information_science%29>	owl:sameAs	<http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/guid.9202a8c04000641f80000000000618d3> .
@prefix foaf:	<http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ontology_%28information_science%29>	foaf:page	<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontology_%28information_science%29> .
@prefix dbpprop:	<http://dbpedia.org/property/> .
<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ontology_%28information_science%29>	dbpprop:reference	<http://kore-nordmann.de/talks/09_04_standardization_of_ontologies_paper.pdf> ,
		<http://www.metamodel.com/article.php?story=20030115211223271> .
@prefix rdfs:	<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ontology_%28information_science%29>	rdfs:label	"\u30AA\u30F3\u30C8\u30ED\u30B8\u30FC"@ja ,
		"Ontologie (informatique)"@fr ,
		"\u041E\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u044F (\u0456\u043D\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0430)"@uk ,
		"Ontologie (v\u00FDpo\u010Detn\u00ED technika)"@cs ,
		"Ontologie (informatica)"@nl ,
		"\u672C\u4F53 (\u4FE1\u606F\u79D1\u5B66)"@zh ,
		"Ontologie (Informatik)"@de ,
		"Ontol\u00F3gia (mesters\u00E9ges intelligencia)"@hu ,
		"\u041E\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u044F (\u0438\u043D\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0430)"@ru ,
		"Ontologia (tietojenk\u00E4sittelytiede)"@fi ,
		"Ontolog\u00EDa (inform\u00E1tica)"@es ,
		"Ontologia (informatica)"@it ,
		"Ontologia (ci\u00EAncia da computa\u00E7\u00E3o)"@pt ,
		"Ontology (information science)"@en ,
		"Ontologi (informatikk)"@no .
@prefix dbpedia-owl:	<http://dbpedia.org/ontology/> .
<http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ontology_%28information_science%29>	dbpedia-owl:thumbnail	<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Mason-ontology.png/200px-Mason-ontology.png> ;
	dbpprop:abstract	"In informatica, un'ontologia \u00E8 una rappresentazione formale, condivisa ed esplicita di una concettualizzazione di un dominio di interesse. Pi\u00F9 nel dettaglio, si tratta di una teoria assiomatica del primo ordine esprimibile in una logica descrittiva. Il termine ontologia (formale) \u00E8 entrato in uso nel campo dell'intelligenza artificiale e della rappresentazione della conoscenza, per descrivere il modo in cui diversi schemi vengono combinati in una struttura dati contenente tutte le entit\u00E0 rilevanti e le loro relazioni in un dominio. I programmi informatici possono poi usare l'ontologia per una variet\u00E0 di scopi, tra cui il ragionamento induttivo, la classificazione, e svariate tecniche per la risoluzione di problemi."@it ,
		"Em Ci\u00EAncia da Computa\u00E7\u00E3o e Ci\u00EAncia da Informa\u00E7\u00E3o, uma ontologia \u00E9 um modelo de dados que representa um conjunto de conceitos dentro de um dom\u00EDnio e os relacionamentos entre estes. Uma ontologia \u00E9 utilizada para realizar infer\u00EAncia sobre os objetos do dom\u00EDnio. Ontologias s\u00E3o utilizadas em intelig\u00EAncia artificial, web sem\u00E2ntica, engenharia de software e arquitetura da informa\u00E7\u00E3o, como uma forma de representa\u00E7\u00E3o de conhecimento sobre o mundo ou alguma parte deste. Ontologias geralmente descrevem: Indiv\u00EDduos: os objetos b\u00E1sicos; Classes: conjuntos, cole\u00E7\u00F5es ou tipos de objetos; Atributos: propriedades, caracter\u00EDsticas ou par\u00E2metros que os objetos podem ter e compartilhar; Relacionamentos: as formas como os objetos podem se relacionar com outros objetos."@pt ,
		"\u041E\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0301\u0433\u0438\u044F (\u0432 \u0438\u043D\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0435) \u2014 \u044D\u0442\u043E \u043F\u043E\u043F\u044B\u0442\u043A\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043E\u0431\u044A\u0435\u043C\u043B\u044E\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043D\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u043F\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0449\u044C\u044E \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043F\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043C\u044B. \u041E\u0431\u044B\u0447\u043D\u043E \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u0441\u043E\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044B \u0434\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044B\u0445, \u0441\u043E\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u043A\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044B \u043E\u0431\u044A\u0435\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0432, \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0432\u044F\u0437\u0438 \u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B\u0430, \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u044F\u0442\u044B\u0435 \u0432 \u044D\u0442\u043E\u0439 \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u042D\u0442\u043E\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0438\u043D \u0432 \u0438\u043D\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0435 \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u0434\u043D\u044B\u043C \u043E\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043D\u0435\u0433\u043E \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043E\u043D\u044F\u0442\u0438\u044F \u00AB\u043E\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u044F\u00BB. \u041E\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u044F\u044E\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u043A\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u043C \u0438\u043D\u0442\u0435\u043B\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0435, \u0441\u0435\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u0430\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043D\u0435 (Semantic Web) \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043D\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043C\u043C\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043E \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u043C \u043C\u0438\u0440\u0435 \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043E \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438."@ru ,
		"Ontologiat ovat tietojenk\u00E4sittelyss\u00E4 luokitteluja, joita on k\u00E4ytetty erityisesti automaattisen tietojenk\u00E4sittelyn yhteydess\u00E4. Internetin semanttinen verkko (semantic web) k\u00E4ytt\u00E4\u00E4 ontologioita olennaisena osana, joiden avulla tietokoneohjelmat (robotit, botit) pystyv\u00E4t tehokkaammin paikantamaan tai tunnistamaan oikeaan ryhm\u00E4\u00E4n kuuluvaa sis\u00E4lt\u00F6\u00E4. Ontologioilla m\u00E4\u00E4ritell\u00E4\u00E4n tietyn aihealueen k\u00E4sitteist\u00F6j\u00E4. Usein ne muodostetaan olemassa olevien sanastojen avulla. Ontologioilla m\u00E4\u00E4ritell\u00E4\u00E4n k\u00E4sitteet ja niiden suhteet. Ontologioiden kuvaamiseen on kehitetty omia standardeja ja kieli\u00E4 (englanniksi) OWL Web Ontology Language OIL Ontology Inference Layer Ontology Languages for the Semantic Web, Asunci\u00F3n G\u00F3mez-P\u00E9rez and Oscar Corcho, (PDF) Ontologia hakukone SWOOGLE"@fi ,
		"En philosophie, l'ontologie (du grec \u1F44\u03BD, \u1F44\u03BD\u03C4\u03BF\u03C2, participe pr\u00E9sent du verbe \u00EAtre) est l'\u00E9tude de l'\u00EAtre en tant qu'\u00EAtre, c'est-\u00E0-dire l'\u00E9tude des propri\u00E9t\u00E9s g\u00E9n\u00E9rales de ce qui existe Par analogie, le terme est repris en informatique et en science de l'information, o\u00F9 une ontologie est l'ensemble structur\u00E9 des termes et concepts repr\u00E9sentant le sens d'un champ d'informations, que ce soit par les m\u00E9tadonn\u00E9es d'un espace de noms, ou les \u00E9l\u00E9ments d'un domaine de connaissances L'ontologie constitue en soi un mod\u00E8le de donn\u00E9es repr\u00E9sentatif d'un ensemble de concepts dans un domaine, ainsi que les relations entre ces concepts Elle est employ\u00E9e pour raisonner \u00E0 propos des objets du domaine concern\u00E9 Les concepts sont organis\u00E9s dans un graphe dont les relations peuvent \u00EAtre : des relations s\u00E9mantiques, des relations de subsomption (inclusion) L'objectif premier d'une ontologie est de mod\u00E9liser un ensemble de connaissances dans un domaine donn\u00E9, qui peut \u00EAtre r\u00E9el ou imaginaire Les ontologies sont employ\u00E9es dans l'intelligence artificielle, le Web s\u00E9mantique, le g\u00E9nie logiciel, l'informatique biom\u00E9dicale et l'architecture de l'information comme une forme de repr\u00E9sentation de la connaissance au sujet d'un monde ou d'une certaine partie de ce monde Les ontologies d\u00E9crivent g\u00E9n\u00E9ralement : Individus : les objets de base, Classes : ensembles, collections, ou types d'objets, Attributs : propri\u00E9t\u00E9s, fonctionnalit\u00E9s, caract\u00E9ristiques ou param\u00E8tres que les objets peuvent poss\u00E9der et partager, Relations : les liens que les objets peuvent avoir entre eux, \u00C9v\u00E9nements : changements subis par des attributs ou des relations"@fr ,
		"\u5728\u8BA1\u7B97\u673A\u79D1\u5B66\u4E0E\u4FE1\u606F\u79D1\u5B66\u9886\u57DF\uFF0C\u7406\u8BBA\u4E0A\uFF0C\u672C\u4F53\u662F\u6307\u4E00\u79CD\u201C\u5F62\u5F0F\u5316\u7684\uFF0C\u5BF9\u4E8E\u5171\u4EAB\u6982\u5FF5\u4F53\u7CFB\u7684\u660E\u786E\u800C\u53C8\u8BE6\u7EC6\u7684\u8BF4\u660E\u201D\u3002\u672C\u4F53\u63D0\u4F9B\u7684\u662F\u4E00\u79CD\u5171\u4EAB\u8BCD\u8868\uFF0C\u4E5F\u5C31\u662F\u7279\u5B9A\u9886\u57DF\u4E4B\u4E2D\u90A3\u4E9B\u5B58\u5728\u7740\u7684\u5BF9\u8C61\u7C7B\u578B\u6216\u6982\u5FF5\u53CA\u5176\u5C5E\u6027\u548C\u76F8\u4E92\u5173\u7CFB\uFF1B\u6216\u8005\u8BF4\uFF0C\u672C\u4F53\u5C31\u662F\u4E00\u79CD\u7279\u6B8A\u7C7B\u578B\u7684\u672F\u8BED\u96C6\uFF0C\u5177\u6709\u7ED3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u7279\u70B9\uFF0C\u4E14\u66F4\u52A0\u9002\u5408\u4E8E\u5728\u8BA1\u7B97\u673A\u7CFB\u7EDF\u4E4B\u4E2D\u4F7F\u7528\uFF1B\u6216\u8005\u8BF4\uFF0C\u672C\u4F53\u5B9E\u9645\u4E0A\u5C31\u662F\u5BF9\u7279\u5B9A\u9886\u57DF\u4E4B\u4E2D\u67D0\u5957\u6982\u5FF5\u53CA\u5176\u76F8\u4E92\u4E4B\u95F4\u5173\u7CFB\u7684\u5F62\u5F0F\u5316\u8868\u8FBE\uFF08formal representation\uFF09\u3002\u672C\u4F53\u662F\u4EBA\u4EEC\u4EE5\u81EA\u5DF1\u5174\u8DA3\u9886\u57DF\u7684\u77E5\u8BC6\u4E3A\u7D20\u6750\uFF0C\u8FD0\u7528\u4FE1\u606F\u79D1\u5B66\u7684\u672C\u4F53\u8BBA\u539F\u7406\u800C\u7F16\u5199\u51FA\u6765\u7684\u4F5C\u54C1\uFF08artifacts\uFF09\u3002\u672C\u4F53\u4E00\u822C\u53EF\u4EE5\u7528\u6765\u9488\u5BF9\u8BE5\u9886\u57DF\u7684\u5C5E\u6027\u8FDB\u884C\u63A8\u7406\uFF0C\u4EA6\u53EF\u7528\u4E8E\u5B9A\u4E49\u8BE5\u9886\u57DF\uFF08\u4E5F\u5C31\u662F\u5BF9\u8BE5\u9886\u57DF\u8FDB\u884C\u5EFA\u6A21\uFF09\u3002\u6B64\u5916\uFF0C\u6709\u65F6\u4EBA\u4EEC\u4E5F\u4F1A\u5C06\u201C\u672C\u4F53\u201D\u79F0\u4E3A\u201C\u672C\u4F53\u8BBA\u201D\u3002 \u4F5C\u4E3A\u4E00\u79CD\u5173\u4E8E\u73B0\u5B9E\u4E16\u754C\u6216\u5176\u4E2D\u67D0\u4E2A\u7EC4\u6210\u90E8\u5206\u7684\u77E5\u8BC6\u8868\u8FBE\u5F62\u5F0F\uFF0C\u672C\u4F53\u76EE\u524D\u7684\u5E94\u7528\u9886\u57DF\u5305\u62EC\uFF08\u4F46\u4E0D\u4EC5\u9650\u4E8E\uFF09\uFF1A\u4EBA\u5DE5\u667A\u80FD\u3001\u8BED\u4E49\u7F51\u3001\u8F6F\u4EF6\u5DE5\u7A0B\u3001 \u751F\u7269\u533B\u5B66\u4FE1\u606F\u5B66\u3001\u56FE\u4E66\u9986\u5B66\u4EE5\u53CA\u4FE1\u606F\u67B6\u6784\u3002"@zh ,
		"Ontologie obecn\u011B Ontologie je v\u00FDslovn\u00FD (explicitn\u00ED) popis ur\u010Dit\u00E9 problematiky. Je to form\u00E1ln\u00ED a deklarativn\u00ED reprezentace, kter\u00E1 obsahuje glos\u00E1\u0159 (definici pojm\u016F) a tezaurus (definici vztah\u016F mezi jednotliv\u00FDmi pojmy). Ontologie je slovn\u00EDkem, kter\u00FD slou\u017E\u00ED k uchov\u00E1v\u00E1n\u00ED a p\u0159ed\u00E1v\u00E1n\u00ED znalosti t\u00FDkaj\u00EDc\u00ED se ur\u010Dit\u00E9 problematiky. Ontologie jako datov\u00FD model Ontologie se pou\u017E\u00EDvaj\u00ED v um\u011Bl\u00E9 inteligenci, s\u00E9mantick\u00E9m webu, softwarov\u00E9m in\u017Een\u00FDrstv\u00ED a syst\u00E9mov\u00E9m in\u017Een\u00FDrstv\u00ED jako datov\u00FD model reprezentuj\u00EDc\u00ED ur\u010Ditou znalost nebo jej\u00ED \u010D\u00E1st. Datov\u00FD model ontologie obecn\u011B obsahuje \u010Dty\u0159i typy prvk\u016F: jedince, t\u0159\u00EDdy, atributy a vazby. Jedinec je z\u00E1kladn\u00ED stavebn\u00ED objekt datov\u00E9ho modelu ontologie. Jedincem m\u016F\u017Ee b\u00FDt konkr\u00E9tn\u00ED \u017Eiv\u00FD i ne\u017Eiv\u00FD objekt (\u010Dlov\u011Bk, tabulka, molekula) nebo abstraktn\u00ED objekt (\u010D\u00EDslo, pojem, ud\u00E1lost). T\u0159\u00EDda je mno\u017Eina jedinc\u016F ur\u010Dit\u00E9ho typu. Podmno\u017Einou t\u0159\u00EDdy je podt\u0159\u00EDda. T\u0159\u00EDda m\u016F\u017Ee obsahovat z\u00E1rove\u0148 jedince i podt\u0159\u00EDdy. Atribut popisuje ur\u010Ditou vlastnost, charakteristiku \u010Di parametr jedince. Ka\u017Ed\u00FD atribut ur\u010Dit\u00E9ho jedince obsahuje p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00EDm n\u00E1zev a hodnotu a je ur\u010Den pro ulo\u017Een\u00ED ur\u010Dit\u00E9 informace vztahuj\u00EDc\u00ED se k dan\u00E9mu jednici. Vazba jednosm\u011Brn\u00E9, nebo obousm\u011Brn\u00E9 propojen\u00ED dvou jedinc\u016F. Je mo\u017En\u00E9 \u0159\u00EDci, \u017Ee vazba je ur\u010Dit\u00FDm typem atributu, jeho\u017E hodnotou je jin\u00FD jedinec v ontologii."@cs ,
		"In de informatica en de logica is een ontologie het product van een poging een uitputtend en strikt conceptueel schema te formuleren over een bepaald domein. Een ontologie is typisch een datastructuur die alle relevante entiteiten en hun onderlinge relaties en regels binnen dat domein bevat, zoals bij een domeinontologie het geval is. Het gebruik van het woord binnen de informatica is afgeleid van het van het woord ontologie binnen de filosofie. Een ontologie verschilt van een databank doordat een ontologie niet alleen feiten bevat maar ook regels, gevat in logische formules. Uit dergelijke regels kan men nieuwe feiten afleiden met een automatisch redeneerprogramma. Een ontologie die niet verbonden is aan een specifiek domein, maar dat algemene entiteiten probeert te beschrijven, wordt een foundation ontology, top level ontology of upper ontology genoemd. Over het algemeen dienen gespecialiseerdere en domeinspecifieke schema's te worden gecre\u00EBerd om de data geschikt te maken voor beslissingen in de werkelijkheid."@nl ,
		"A Mesters\u00E9ges intelligenciamesters\u00E9ges intelligenci\u00E1val kapcsolatban haszn\u00E1lt ontol\u00F3gia sz\u00F3 egy\u00E1ltal\u00E1n nem egy\u00E9rtelm\u0171, hanem nagyon is vitatott kifejez\u00E9s. A filoz\u00F3fiafiloz\u00F3fi\u00E1ban m\u00E1r r\u00E9g\u00F3ta haszn\u00E1lj\u00E1k, ott a l\u00E9tez\u00E9s t\u00E9m\u00E1j\u00E1t jel\u00F6li. (Sokan \u00F6sszekeverik az episztemol\u00F3giaepisztemol\u00F3gi\u00E1val, amely a tud\u00E1sr\u00F3l sz\u00F3l annak f\u0151n\u00E9vi \u00E9s igei \u00E9rtelm\u00E9ben, azaz a tud\u00E1s egyszerre t\u00E9ny, az a cselekv\u00E9s vagy \u00E1llapot, hogy valamit tudunk, \u00E9s a szerzett ismeretek \u00F6sszess\u00E9ge, rendszere, azaz valamilyen reprezent\u00E1ci\u00F3. ) Az ismeret vagy a tud\u00E1s megoszt\u00E1sa kontextusban az ontol\u00F3gia a fogalomalkot\u00E1s, fogalom felt\u00E9rk\u00E9pez\u00E9s (conceptualization) specifik\u00E1ci\u00F3j\u00E1t, vagyis konkr\u00E9t k\u00F6r\u00FCl\u00EDr\u00E1s\u00E1t, megk\u00FCl\u00F6nb\u00F6ztet\u00E9s\u00E9t jelenti. Az ontol\u00F3gia azon fogalmak \u00E9s viszonyok le\u00EDr\u00E1s\u00E1nak fajt\u00E1ja (ak\u00E1rcsak egy program form\u00E1lis specifik\u00E1ci\u00F3ja), amelyek egy \u00E1gens vagy egy sor \u00E1gens vonatkoz\u00E1s\u00E1ban fenn\u00E1llnak vagy l\u00E9teznek. Az ontol\u00F3gia ezen meghat\u00E1roz\u00E1sa azzal az ontol\u00F3gia sz\u00F3haszn\u00E1lattal v\u00E1g egybe, amely szerint az ontol\u00F3gia egy sor fogalom-meghat\u00E1roz\u00E1s, de ann\u00E1l \u00E1ltal\u00E1nosabb. Gyakorlati c\u00E9lb\u00F3l az ontol\u00F3giai egy form\u00E1lis szerkezet\u0171 sz\u00F3t\u00E1rban szerepl\u0151 meghat\u00E1roz\u00E1sok csoportj\u00E1t jelenti. B\u00E1r nemcsak ez az egyetlen m\u00F3dja van a fogalomalkot\u00E1s specifik\u00E1l\u00E1s\u00E1nak, e m\u00F3dszernek van n\u00E9h\u00E1ny olyan tulajdons\u00E1ga, amik miatt az j\u00F3l haszn\u00E1lhat\u00F3 a tud\u00E1smegoszt\u00E1sra a MI-ban (p\u00E9ld\u00E1ul az olvas\u00F3t\u00F3l \u00E9s a kontextust\u00F3l f\u00FCggetlen szemantika). Ontol\u00F3gi\u00E1kat a Mesters\u00E9ges intelligenciaMI ter\u00FClet\u00E9n abb\u00F3l a c\u00E9lb\u00F3l k\u00E9sz\u00EDtenek, hogy lehet\u0151v\u00E9 v\u00E1ljon a tud\u00E1s megoszt\u00E1sa \u00E9s ism\u00E9telt felhaszn\u00E1l\u00E1sa. Ebben az \u00E9rtelemben az ontol\u00F3gia az ontol\u00F3giai elk\u00F6telezetts\u00E9gek, (commitment) vagy \u00E9rtelmez\u00E9si el\u0151\u00EDr\u00E1sok k\u00E9sz\u00EDt\u00E9s\u00E9re haszn\u00E1lt specifik\u00E1ci\u00F3. Az ontol\u00F3giai \u00E9rtelmez\u00E9si \"elk\u00F6telezetts\u00E9g\" form\u00E1lis meghat\u00E1roz\u00E1sa a k\u00F6vetkez\u0151: Gyakorlati szempontb\u00F3l az ontol\u00F3giai elk\u00F6telezetts\u00E9g egy olyan egyezs\u00E9g, hogy egy adott sz\u00F3kincset (sz\u00F3t\u00E1rat) olyan m\u00F3don haszn\u00E1lnak a kutat\u00F3k (azaz k\u00E9rd\u00E9seket tesznek fel, \u00E9s v\u00E1laszolnak meg), amely m\u00F3dszer egy ontol\u00F3gi\u00E1val meghat\u00E1rozott elm\u00E9let tekintet\u00E9ben konzisztens (de nem teljes). Olyan \u00E1genseket \u00E9p\u00EDtenek, amelyek az ontol\u00F3gi\u00E1kra t\u00E1maszkodnak. Az\u00E9rt terveznek ontol\u00F3gi\u00E1kat, hogy az \u00E1gensekkel \u00E9s az \u00E1gensek k\u00F6z\u00F6tt a tud\u00E1s megoszthat\u00F3 legyen. A MI rendszerekn\u00E9l l\u00E9trehozott k\u00F6z\u00F6s sz\u00F3kincs (sz\u00F3t\u00E1r) a k\u00F6z\u00F6s tud\u00E1st k\u00E9pviseli vagy reprezent\u00E1lja. A k\u00F6z\u00F6s diskurzus dom\u00E9n specifik\u00E1ci\u00F3j\u00E1nak tartalm\u00E1t, az oszt\u00E1lyok, rel\u00E1ci\u00F3k, funkci\u00F3k \u00E9s egy\u00E9b objektumok meghat\u00E1roz\u00E1sait nevezik ontol\u00F3gi\u00E1nak. A defin\u00EDci\u00F3kat \u00EDt\u00E9let kalkulus (predicate calculus) form\u00E1ban \u00EDrj\u00E1k le, ezt azut\u00E1n leford\u00EDtj\u00E1k specializ\u00E1lt reprezent\u00E1ci\u00F3kra, k\u00F6zt\u00FCk keret-alap\u00FA rendszerekre \u00E9s rel\u00E1ci\u00F3s nyelvekre"@hu ,
		"In computer science and information science, an ontology is a formal representation of a set of concepts within a domain and the relationships between those concepts. It is used to reason about the properties of that domain, and may be used to define the domain. In theory, an ontology is a \"formal, explicit specification of a shared conceptualisation\". An ontology provides a shared vocabulary, which can be used to model a domain &mdash; that is, the type of objects and/or concepts that exist, and their properties and relations. Ontologies are used in artificial intelligence, the Semantic Web, software engineering, biomedical informatics, library science, enterprise bookmarking, and information architecture as a form of knowledge representation about the world or some part of it."@en ,
		"\u041E\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u044F \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0434\u0435\u044F\u043A\u043E\u044E \u043C\u043E\u0432\u043E\u044E \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u044C \u043F\u0440\u043E \u043F\u0435\u0432\u043D\u0443 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043C\u0435\u0442\u043D\u0443 \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044C (\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0435, \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442). \u041E\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u044E \u043D\u0435\u043E\u0434\u043C\u0456\u043D\u043D\u043E \u0441\u0443\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0436\u0443\u0454 \u0434\u0435\u044F\u043A\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043F\u0446\u0456\u044F \u0446\u0456\u0454\u0457 \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0456\u043D\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0456\u0432. \u041D\u0430\u0439\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0448\u0435 \u0446\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043F\u0446\u0456\u044F \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0433\u043E\u044E \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043E\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043A\u0442\u0456\u0432 (\u0456\u043D\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0443\u0443\u043C\u0456\u0432, \u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0456\u0432) \u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0448\u0435\u043D\u044C \u043C\u0456\u0436 \u043D\u0438\u043C\u0438. \u0412\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0446\u0438\u0445 \u043E\u0431\u2019\u0454\u043A\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0448\u0435\u043D\u044C \u043C\u0456\u0436 \u043D\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0439 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044E\u0442\u044C \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043F\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0454\u044E. \u041D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u043D\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043E\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0457 \u0454 \u0443\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044E\u044E\u0447\u0438\u043C: \u041E\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u044F \u2014 \u0446\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u043F\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043D\u044F\u0442\u0430 \u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u043D\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043F\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044F \u043F\u0435\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u044C (\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0443, \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0430), \u044F\u043A\u0430 \u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044C \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u043B\u044E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0446\u0456\u0454\u0457 \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u044C \u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0442\u043E\u043A\u043E\u043B\u0438 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0454\u043C\u043E\u0434\u0456\u0457 \u043C\u0456\u0436 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u044F\u043A\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0443\u044E\u0442\u044C \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0437 \u0446\u0456\u0454\u0457 \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456, \u0456, \u043D\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0442\u0456, \u0432\u043A\u043B\u044E\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u0434\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043F\u0440\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u044C"@uk ,
		"Unter Ontologie versteht man in der Informatik eine explizite formale Spezifikation einer Konzeptualisierung (Begriffsbildung). Sie ist Teil der Wissensrepr\u00E4sentation im Teilgebiet K\u00FCnstliche Intelligenz. Ontologien enthalten Inferenz- und Integrit\u00E4tsregeln, das sind Regeln der Schlussfolgerung und zur Gew\u00E4hrleistung ihrer G\u00FCltigkeit. Ontologien haben mit der Idee des semantischen Webs in den letzten Jahren einen Aufschwung erfahren."@de ,
		"El t\u00E9rmino ontolog\u00EDa en inform\u00E1tica hace referencia a la formulaci\u00F3n de un exhaustivo y riguroso esquema conceptual dentro de uno o varios dominios dados; con la finalidad de facilitar la comunicaci\u00F3n y la compartici\u00F3n de la informaci\u00F3n entre diferentes sistemas y entidades. Aunque toma su nombre por analog\u00EDa, \u00E9sta es la diferencia con el punto de vista filos\u00F3fico de la palabra ontolog\u00EDa. Un uso com\u00FAn tecnol\u00F3gico actual del concepto de ontolog\u00EDa, en este sentido sem\u00E1ntico, lo encontramos en la inteligencia artificial y la representaci\u00F3n del conocimiento. En algunas aplicaciones, se combinan varios esquemas en una estructura de facto completa de datos, que contiene todas las entidades relevantes y sus relaciones dentro del dominio. Los programas inform\u00E1ticos pueden utilizar as\u00ED este punto de vista de la ontolog\u00EDa para una variedad de prop\u00F3sitos, incluyendo el razonamiento inductivo, la clasificaci\u00F3n, y una variedad de t\u00E9cnicas de resoluci\u00F3n de problemas. T\u00EDpicamente, las ontolog\u00EDas en las computadoras se relacionan estrechamente con vocabularios fijos \u2013una ontolog\u00EDa fundacional\u2013 con cuyos t\u00E9rminos debe ser descrito todo lo dem\u00E1s. Debido a que esto puede ocasionar representaciones pobres para ciertos dominios de problemas, se deben crear esquemas m\u00E1s especializados para convertir en \u00FAtiles los datos a la hora de tomar decisiones en el mundo real. Dichas ontolog\u00EDas son valorables comercialmente, cre\u00E1ndose competencia para definirlas. Peter Murray-Rust se ha quejado de que esto conduce a \"una guerra sem\u00E1ntica y ontol\u00F3gica debido a la competencia entre est\u00E1ndares\". Por consiguiente, cualquier est\u00E1ndar de ontolog\u00EDa fundacional es posible que sea contestado por los agentes pol\u00EDticos o comerciales, cada uno con su propia idea de 'lo que existe' (en el sentido filos\u00F3fico de ontolog\u00EDa). Una variaci\u00F3n ha sido propuesta recientemente, v\u00E9ase el sitio de MathWorld, cuyo autor propugna que el universo se modela mejor en los t\u00E9rminos de los programas inform\u00E1ticos (computacionales) que con los t\u00E9rminos matem\u00E1ticos convencionales."@es ,
		"\u30AA\u30F3\u30C8\u30ED\u30B8\u30FC (Ontology) \u306F\u3001\u54F2\u5B66\u7528\u8A9E\u3067\u5B58\u5728\u8AD6\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3002\u3082\u306E\u306E\u5B58\u5728\u81EA\u8EAB\u306B\u95A2\u3059\u308B\u63A2\u7A76\u3001\u3042\u308B\u3044\u306F\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0\u3084\u7406\u8AD6\u306E\u80CC\u5F8C\u306B\u3042\u308B\u5B58\u5728\u306B\u95A2\u3059\u308B\u4EEE\u5B9A\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610F\u5473\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u3053\u308C\u304B\u3089\u6D3E\u751F\u3057\u3066\u30B3\u30F3\u30D4\u30E5\u30FC\u30BF\u7B49\u3067\u3082\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja ,
		"Ontologi er i datateknologien og informasjonsvitenskap en formell representasjon av et sett av begreper innenfor et domene, samt hvordan disse begrepene relaterer til hverandre. En ontologi brukes til \u00E5 lette smart dataprossesering av dataprogrammer i domenet."@no ;
	rdfs:comment	"\u041E\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0301\u0433\u0438\u044F (\u0432 \u0438\u043D\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0435) \u2014 \u044D\u0442\u043E \u043F\u043E\u043F\u044B\u0442\u043A\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043E\u0431\u044A\u0435\u043C\u043B\u044E\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043D\u0435\u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439 \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u043F\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0449\u044C\u044E \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043F\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u0445\u0435\u043C\u044B."@ru ,
		"A Mesters\u00E9ges intelligenciamesters\u00E9ges intelligenci\u00E1val kapcsolatban haszn\u00E1lt ontol\u00F3gia sz\u00F3 egy\u00E1ltal\u00E1n nem egy\u00E9rtelm\u0171, hanem nagyon is vitatott kifejez\u00E9s. A filoz\u00F3fiafiloz\u00F3fi\u00E1ban m\u00E1r r\u00E9g\u00F3ta haszn\u00E1lj\u00E1k, ott a l\u00E9tez\u00E9s t\u00E9m\u00E1j\u00E1t jel\u00F6li."@hu ,
		""@fr ,
		"Unter Ontologie versteht man in der Informatik eine explizite formale Spezifikation einer Konzeptualisierung (Begriffsbildung). Sie ist Teil der Wissensrepr\u00E4sentation im Teilgebiet K\u00FCnstliche Intelligenz. Ontologien enthalten Inferenz- und Integrit\u00E4tsregeln, das sind Regeln der Schlussfolgerung und zur Gew\u00E4hrleistung ihrer G\u00FCltigkeit. Ontologien haben mit der Idee des semantischen Webs in den letzten Jahren einen Aufschwung erfahren."@de ,
		"Ontologi er i datateknologien og informasjonsvitenskap en formell representasjon av et sett av begreper innenfor et domene, samt hvordan disse begrepene relaterer til hverandre. En ontologi brukes til \u00E5 lette smart dataprossesering av dataprogrammer i domenet."@no ,
		"In informatica, un'ontologia \u00E8 una rappresentazione formale, condivisa ed esplicita di una concettualizzazione di un dominio di interesse. Pi\u00F9 nel dettaglio, si tratta di una teoria assiomatica del primo ordine esprimibile in una logica descrittiva."@it ,
		"Ontologie obecn\u011B Ontologie je v\u00FDslovn\u00FD (explicitn\u00ED) popis ur\u010Dit\u00E9 problematiky. Je to form\u00E1ln\u00ED a deklarativn\u00ED reprezentace, kter\u00E1 obsahuje glos\u00E1\u0159 (definici pojm\u016F) a tezaurus (definici vztah\u016F mezi jednotliv\u00FDmi pojmy). Ontologie je slovn\u00EDkem, kter\u00FD slou\u017E\u00ED k uchov\u00E1v\u00E1n\u00ED a p\u0159ed\u00E1v\u00E1n\u00ED znalosti t\u00FDkaj\u00EDc\u00ED se ur\u010Dit\u00E9 problematiky."@cs ,
		""@zh ,
		"\u30AA\u30F3\u30C8\u30ED\u30B8\u30FC (Ontology) \u306F\u3001\u54F2\u5B66\u7528\u8A9E\u3067\u5B58\u5728\u8AD6\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3002\u3082\u306E\u306E\u5B58\u5728\u81EA\u8EAB\u306B\u95A2\u3059\u308B\u63A2\u7A76\u3001\u3042\u308B\u3044\u306F\u30B7\u30B9\u30C6\u30E0\u3084\u7406\u8AD6\u306E\u80CC\u5F8C\u306B\u3042\u308B\u5B58\u5728\u306B\u95A2\u3059\u308B\u4EEE\u5B9A\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610F\u5473\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u3053\u308C\u304B\u3089\u6D3E\u751F\u3057\u3066\u30B3\u30F3\u30D4\u30E5\u30FC\u30BF\u7B49\u3067\u3082\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja ,
		"El t\u00E9rmino ontolog\u00EDa en inform\u00E1tica hace referencia a la formulaci\u00F3n de un exhaustivo y riguroso esquema conceptual dentro de uno o varios dominios dados; con la finalidad de facilitar la comunicaci\u00F3n y la compartici\u00F3n de la informaci\u00F3n entre diferentes sistemas y entidades. Aunque toma su nombre por analog\u00EDa, \u00E9sta es la diferencia con el punto de vista filos\u00F3fico de la palabra ontolog\u00EDa."@es ,
		"In computer science and information science, an ontology is a formal representation of a set of concepts within a domain and the relationships between those concepts. It is used to reason about the properties of that domain, and may be used to define the domain. In theory, an ontology is a \"formal, explicit specification of a shared conceptualisation\"."@en ,
		"Ontologiat ovat tietojenk\u00E4sittelyss\u00E4 luokitteluja, joita on k\u00E4ytetty erityisesti automaattisen tietojenk\u00E4sittelyn yhteydess\u00E4. Internetin semanttinen verkko (semantic web) k\u00E4ytt\u00E4\u00E4 ontologioita olennaisena osana, joiden avulla tietokoneohjelmat (robotit, botit) pystyv\u00E4t tehokkaammin paikantamaan tai tunnistamaan oikeaan ryhm\u00E4\u00E4n kuuluvaa sis\u00E4lt\u00F6\u00E4. Ontologioilla m\u00E4\u00E4ritell\u00E4\u00E4n tietyn aihealueen k\u00E4sitteist\u00F6j\u00E4. Usein ne muodostetaan olemassa olevien sanastojen avulla."@fi ,
		"\u041E\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u044F \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0434\u0435\u044F\u043A\u043E\u044E \u043C\u043E\u0432\u043E\u044E \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u044C \u043F\u0440\u043E \u043F\u0435\u0432\u043D\u0443 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043C\u0435\u0442\u043D\u0443 \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044C (\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0435, \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442). \u041E\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u044E \u043D\u0435\u043E\u0434\u043C\u0456\u043D\u043D\u043E \u0441\u0443\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0436\u0443\u0454 \u0434\u0435\u044F\u043A\u0430 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043F\u0446\u0456\u044F \u0446\u0456\u0454\u0457 \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0456\u043D\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0456\u0432."@uk ,
		"Em Ci\u00EAncia da Computa\u00E7\u00E3o e Ci\u00EAncia da Informa\u00E7\u00E3o, uma ontologia \u00E9 um modelo de dados que representa um conjunto de conceitos dentro de um dom\u00EDnio e os relacionamentos entre estes. Uma ontologia \u00E9 utilizada para realizar infer\u00EAncia sobre os objetos do dom\u00EDnio. Ontologias s\u00E3o utilizadas em intelig\u00EAncia artificial, web sem\u00E2ntica, engenharia de software e arquitetura da informa\u00E7\u00E3o, como uma forma de representa\u00E7\u00E3o de conhecimento sobre o mundo ou alguma parte deste."@pt ,
		"In de informatica en de logica is een ontologie het product van een poging een uitputtend en strikt conceptueel schema te formuleren over een bepaald domein. Een ontologie is typisch een datastructuur die alle relevante entiteiten en hun onderlinge relaties en regels binnen dat domein bevat, zoals bij een domeinontologie het geval is. Het gebruik van het woord binnen de informatica is afgeleid van het van het woord ontologie binnen de filosofie."@nl ;
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