@prefix ns0: . @prefix dbpedia: . dbpedia:Adam_Smith ns0:influenced dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . @prefix dbpedia-owl: . dbpedia:Adam_Smith dbpedia-owl:influenced dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . @prefix dbpprop: . dbpedia:Adam_Smith dbpprop:influenced dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Gary_Becker dbpprop:influences dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Karl_Popper ns0:influenced dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; dbpedia-owl:influenced dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; dbpprop:influenced dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Simon_Kuznets dbpprop:influenced dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Johan_Norberg dbpedia-owl:influencedBy dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; ns0:influencedBy dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; dbpprop:influences dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Arguments_for_and_against_drug_prohibition dbpprop:_percent_22Property dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . @prefix ns4: . ns4:doctoralAdvisor dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; dbpedia-owl:doctoralAdvisor dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; dbpprop:doctoralAdvisor dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Abraham_Wald dbpedia-owl:influencedBy dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; ns0:influencedBy dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; dbpprop:influences dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Henry_Calvert_Simons dbpprop:influenced dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia-owl:influencedBy dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; ns0:influencedBy dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; dbpprop:influences dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; dbpprop:opposed dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Friedrich_Hayek ns0:influenced dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; dbpedia-owl:influenced dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; dbpprop:col dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; dbpprop:influenced dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Harry_Markowitz dbpprop:influences dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Myron_Scholes dbpprop:influences dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpprop:influences dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Capitalism_and_Freedom dbpedia-owl:author dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . @prefix ns5: . dbpedia:Capitalism_and_Freedom ns5:author dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; dbpprop:author dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Joseph_Schumpeter dbpprop:influenced dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpprop:influences dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Rose_Friedman dbpedia-owl:spouse dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; ns0:spouse dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; dbpprop:spouse dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Ludwig_von_Mises ns0:influenced dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; dbpedia-owl:influenced dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; dbpprop:influenced dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . @prefix rdf: . @prefix ns7: . dbpedia:Milton_Friedman rdf:type ns7:AmericanAgnostics , ns7:RahwayHighSchoolAlumni , ns7:NobelLaureatesInEconomics , ns7:Scientist110560637 , ns7:PeopleFromNewYorkCity , ns7:AmericanEconomists , ns7:LibertarianEconomists . @prefix foaf: . dbpedia:Milton_Friedman rdf:type foaf:Person , ns7:LibertarianTheorists , ns7:Person100007846 , ns7:Economists , ns7:Monetarists , ns7:ColumbiaUniversityAlumni , ns7:JewishAmericanWriters , ns7:JewishAmericanScientists , , ns7:FellowsOfTheEconometricSociety , ns7:ClassicalLiberals , ns7:RutgersUniversityAlumni , , ns7:AmericanLibertarians , ns7:Macroeconomists , ns7:MonetaryEconomists , ns7:AmericanEconomicsWriters ; dbpprop:name "Friedman, Milton"@en , "Milton Friedman"@en . @prefix owl: . @prefix ns10: . dbpedia:Milton_Friedman owl:sameAs ns10:Mx4rvbnkJpwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA , . @prefix ns11: . dbpedia:Milton_Friedman owl:sameAs ns11:Milton_Friedman ; foaf:name "Milton Friedman"@de ; foaf:surname "Friedman"@de . @prefix ns12: . dbpedia:Milton_Friedman foaf:page ns12:Milton_Friedman ; dbpprop:reference , . @prefix ns13: . dbpedia:Milton_Friedman dbpprop:reference ns13:the_case_for_free_trade , , , , , , , . @prefix ns14: . dbpedia:Milton_Friedman dbpprop:reference ns14:c_NIR_1360-016_footnote_nt1046 , ns13:business_social_responsibility . @prefix rdfs: . dbpedia:Milton_Friedman rdfs:label "\u0424\u0440\u0438\u0434\u043C\u0430\u043D, \u041C\u0438\u043B\u0442\u043E\u043D"@ru , "Milton Friedman"@no , "Milton Friedman"@tr , "Milton Friedman"@sv , "\u7C73\u723E\u9813\u00B7\u4F5B\u5229\u6C11"@zh , "Milton Friedman"@fr , "Milton Friedman"@fi , "Milton Friedman"@es , "Milton Friedman"@cs , "Milton Friedman"@nl , "Milton Friedman"@it , "Milton Friedman"@hu , "\u30DF\u30EB\u30C8\u30F3\u30FB\u30D5\u30EA\u30FC\u30C9\u30DE\u30F3"@ja , "Milton Friedman"@ca , "Milton Friedman"@de , "Milton Friedman"@en , "Milton Friedman"@ro , "Milton Friedman"@pt , "\u041C\u0456\u043B\u0442\u043E\u043D \u0424\u0440\u0456\u0434\u043C\u0430\u043D"@uk , "Milton Friedman"@pl ; dbpedia-owl:thumbnail ; dbpprop:abstract "Milton Friedman fue un destacado economista e intelectual estadounidense. Defensor del libre mercado y exponente del monetarismo neocl\u00E1sico de la Escuela de Econom\u00EDa de Chicago, Friedman realiz\u00F3 contribuciones importantes en los campos de macroeconom\u00EDa, microeconom\u00EDa, historia econ\u00F3mica y estad\u00EDstica. En 1976, fue galardonado con un Premio Nobel de Econom\u00EDa por sus logros en los campos de an\u00E1lisis de consumo, historia y teor\u00EDa monetaria y por su demostraci\u00F3n de la complejidad de la pol\u00EDtica de estabilizaci\u00F3n. Con respecto a sus ideas pol\u00EDticas, Milton afirmaba: Soy un libertario con una \"l\" min\u00FAscula y un Republicano con una \"R\" may\u00FAscula. Y soy un Republicano por cuestiones de conveniencia, no de principios."@es , "Milton Friedman pai do te\u00F3rico anarco-capitalista David Friedman, foi um dos mais destacados economistas do s\u00E9culo XX e um dos mais influentes te\u00F3ricos do liberalismo econ\u00F3mico e defensor do capitalismo laissez-faire e do livre mercado."@pt , "Milton Friedman var en amerikansk \u00F8konom. Han fikk i 1976 Sveriges Riksbanks \u00F8konomipris til minne om Alfred Nobel for sine bidrag p\u00E5 omr\u00E5der som forbruksanalyse, valutahistorie og -teori, samt for \u00E5 demonstrere kompleksiteten i stabiliseringspolitikk . Friedman er kjent for \u00E5 v\u00E6re en sterk tilhenger av en fri markeds\u00F8konomi, og skrev mange popul\u00E6rvitenskapelige debattb\u00F8ker i tillegg til sin akademiske forskning. I alle debattb\u00F8kene tar Friedman til orde for st\u00F8rre frihet for enkeltmenneskene. Han mente at myndighetene i alle vestlige land, ogs\u00E5 USA, dominerer det \u00F8konomiske livet for mye."@no , "\u30D5\u30A1\u30A4\u30EB:MiltonFriedman. jpg \u30DF\u30EB\u30C8\u30F3\u30FB\u30D5\u30EA\u30FC\u30C9\u30DE\u30F3 \u30DF\u30EB\u30C8\u30F3\u30FB\u30D5\u30EA\u30FC\u30C9\u30DE\u30F3\uFF08Milton Friedman, 1912\u5E747\u670831\u65E5 - 2006\u5E7411\u670816\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u5408\u8846\u56FD\u30CB\u30E5\u30FC\u30E8\u30FC\u30AF\u51FA\u8EAB\u306E\u65B0\u81EA\u7531\u4E3B\u7FA9\u306E\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja , "Milton Friedman, f\u00F6dd 31 juli 1912 i Brooklyn av judiska emigranter i New York, d\u00F6d 16 november 2006 i San Francisco i Kalifornien, var en amerikansk nationalekonom och statistiker. Han var professor vid Chicagos universitet 1948-1977 och mottagare av Sveriges Riksbanks pris i ekonomisk vetenskap till Alfred Nobels minne 1976. Inom vetenskapen \u00E4r han mest k\u00E4nd f\u00F6r sin teoretiska och empiriska forskning inom konsumtionsanalys, monet\u00E4r historia och teori samt f\u00F6r hans demonstration av stabiliseringspolitikens komplexitet. Friedmans politiska filosofi var klassisk liberalism och libertarianism."@sv , "Milton Friedman byl americk\u00FD ekonom, nositel Nobelovy ceny za ekonomii. Friedman byl velmi v\u00FDzna\u010Dn\u00FDm liber\u00E1ln\u00EDm ekonomem 2. pol. 20. stol. , zast\u00E1ncem doktr\u00EDny Laissez faire a jako takov\u00FD zna\u010Dn\u011B p\u0159isp\u011Bl k rozvoji neoklasick\u00E9 ekonomie. Studoval matematiku na Rutgers University a pozd\u011Bji ekonomii na univerzit\u011B v Chicagu. V roce 1935 pracoval ve Washingtonu na p\u0159\u00EDprav\u011B rozs\u00E1hl\u00E9 studie o rozpo\u010Dtech spot\u0159ebitel\u016F. V letech 1941\u20131943 pracoval na ministerstvu financ\u00ED, kde se zab\u00FDval da\u0148ovou politikou v\u00E1le\u010Dn\u00E9ho obdob\u00ED, pracoval jako matematick\u00FD statistik, v\u011Bnoval se probl\u00E9m\u016Fm n\u00E1vrh\u016F zbran\u00ED, experiment\u016Fm v metalurgii a v\u00E1le\u010Dn\u00E9 taktice. Na podzim roku 1950 pracoval jako konzultant agentury vl\u00E1dy Spojen\u00FDch st\u00E1t\u016F, kter\u00E1 realizovala pln\u011Bn\u00ED Marshallova pl\u00E1nu. Zab\u00FDval se p\u0159\u00ED\u010Dinami inflace, problematikou r\u016Fstu mezd a cen. K nejv\u00FDznamn\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDm pat\u0159\u00ED jeho studie o d\u016Fle\u017Eitosti pen\u011Bz p\u0159i vysv\u011Btlov\u00E1n\u00ED inflace a jeho studie zab\u00FDvaj\u00EDc\u00ED se \u010Dasov\u00FDmi zpo\u017Ed\u011Bn\u00EDmi ve v\u0161ech typech hospod\u00E1\u0159sk\u00E9 politiky. Nobelovu cenu za ekonomii z\u00EDskal v roce 1976 za v\u00FDsledky v oblasti anal\u00FDzy spot\u0159eby, historie a teorie pen\u011Bz a za p\u0159edveden\u00ED slo\u017Eitosti stabiliza\u010Dn\u00ED politiky. Zem\u0159el 16. listopadu 2006 ve v\u011Bku 94 let. Zpr\u00E1vu o jeho \u00FAmrt\u00ED ozn\u00E1mila rodinn\u00E1 mluv\u010D\u00ED. Podle n\u00ED zem\u0159el na selh\u00E1n\u00ED srdce v nemocnici nedaleko San Francisca. K jeho nejzn\u00E1m\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDm d\u00EDl\u016Fm pat\u0159\u00ED nap\u0159\u00EDklad: Za v\u0161\u00EDm hledej pen\u00EDze (Money Mischief) \u2013 1992, kniha on-line v \u010De\u0161tin\u011B Kapitalismus a svoboda (Capitalism and Freedom) \u2013 1962, kniha on-line v \u010De\u0161tin\u011B Svoboda volby (Free to Choose) \u2013 1990 (napsal ji spole\u010Dn\u011B se svou \u017Eenou Rosou Friedmanovou), kniha on-line v \u010De\u0161tin\u011B Napsal tak\u00E9 slavn\u00FD text pojedn\u00E1vaj\u00EDc\u00ED o metod\u011B ekonomick\u00E9 v\u011Bdy, kter\u00FD v \u010De\u0161tin\u011B vy\u0161el pod n\u00E1zvem Metodologie pozitivn\u00ED ekonomie a jen\u017E je takt\u00E9\u017E d\u00EDky Liber\u00E1ln\u00EDmu institutu k dispozici on-line."@cs , "Milton Friedman a fost profesor al Universit\u0103\u0163ii din Chicago. \u00CEn 1976 a primit Premiul Nobel pentru Economie. El este considerat reprezentantul principal al \u015Fcolii din Chicago \u015Fi a fost elevul lui Frank Knight. Fiul s\u0103u este David D. Friedman. Milton Friedman a adus nenum\u0103rate contribu\u0163ii la dezvoltarea microeconomiei \u015Fi a macroeconomiei precum \u015Fi la dezvoltarea teoriile cu privire la economia de pia\u0163\u0103 \u015Fi la minimalizarea rolului statului \u00EEn coordonarea economiei. \u00CEntreaga sa actvitate a fost cel mai bine descris\u0103 chiar de Milton Friedman \u00EEn persoan\u0103 prin urm\u0103toarele cuvinte:"@ro , "\u041C\u0438\u0301\u043B\u0442\u043E\u043D \u0424\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0434\u043C\u0430\u043D \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0441\u0442, \u043B\u0430\u0443\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0442 \u041D\u043E\u0431\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0438\u0438 1976 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430 \u00AB\u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0432 \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F, \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0436\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u043A\u0438 \u043C\u043E\u043D\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043A\u0430\u0437 \u0441\u043B\u043E\u0436\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438\u00BB. \u041E\u043A\u043E\u043D\u0447\u0438\u043B \u0427\u0438\u043A\u0430\u0433\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u043D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442; \u0434\u043E\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u041A\u043E\u043B\u0443\u043C\u0431\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0443\u043D\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430; \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043E\u0440 \u0432 \u0427\u0438\u043A\u0430\u0433\u043E \u0438 \u041A\u0435\u043C\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0435. \u041F\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0442 \u0410\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0430\u0441\u0441\u043E\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 1967 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443. \u041D\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043D \u043C\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043B\u044C\u044E \u0414\u0436. \u0411. \u041A\u043B\u0430\u0440\u043A\u0430. \u041B\u0430\u0443\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0442 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0438\u0438 \u0414\u0436\u043E\u043D\u0430 \u041A\u043E\u043C\u043C\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0430. \u0416\u0435\u043D\u0430 \u0424. \u2014 \u0420\u043E\u0437\u0430 (\u0420\u043E\u0443\u0437) \u0424\u0440\u0438\u0434\u043C\u0430\u043D \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u043B\u0430\u0441\u044C \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u043C \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043C. \u0412 \u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0441 2002 \u0433. \u0418\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u043E\u043C \u041A\u0430\u0442\u043E\u043D\u0430 \u0432\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u00AB\u041F\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0438\u044F \u041C\u0438\u043B\u0442\u043E\u043D\u0430 \u0424\u0440\u0438\u0434\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0434\u044B\u00BB."@ru , "Milton Friedman fou un economista nord-americ\u00E0 guardonat amb el Premi Nobel d'Economia l'any 1976."@ca , "Milton Friedman magyar sz\u00E1rmaz\u00E1s\u00FA Nobel-d\u00EDjas amerikai k\u00F6zgazd\u00E1sz ."@hu , "Milton Friedman est un \u00E9conomiste am\u00E9ricain n\u00E9 le 31 juillet 1912 \u00E0 New York et d\u00E9c\u00E9d\u00E9 le 16 novembre 2006 \u00E0 San Francisco, consid\u00E9r\u00E9 comme l'un des \u00E9conomistes les plus influents du XX si\u00E8cle. Titulaire du prix de la Banque de Su\u00E8de en sciences \u00E9conomiques en m\u00E9moire d'Alfred Nobel de l'ann\u00E9e 1976, il a \u00E9t\u00E9 un ardent d\u00E9fenseur du lib\u00E9ralisme. Il a travaill\u00E9 sur des domaines de recherche aussi bien th\u00E9orique qu'appliqu\u00E9e, il fut \u00E0 l\u2019origine du courant mon\u00E9tariste ainsi que le fondateur de l'\u00C9cole mon\u00E9tariste de Chicago. Il est \u00E9galement un commentateur politique et essayiste \u00E0 succ\u00E8s. Deux de ses \u0153uvres ont particuli\u00E8rement touch\u00E9 le grand public : d'abord son livre Capitalisme et libert\u00E9 (1962) et ensuite sa s\u00E9rie d'interventions t\u00E9l\u00E9vis\u00E9es r\u00E9alis\u00E9es en 1980 Free to Choose. Dans Capitalisme et libert\u00E9, il explique sa th\u00E9orie selon laquelle la r\u00E9duction du r\u00F4le de l'\u00C9tat dans une \u00E9conomie de march\u00E9 est le seul moyen d'atteindre la libert\u00E9 politique et \u00E9conomique. Plus tard, dans La libert\u00E9 du choix, Friedman cherche \u00E0 d\u00E9montrer la sup\u00E9riorit\u00E9 du lib\u00E9ralisme \u00E9conomique sur les autres syst\u00E8mes \u00E9conomiques. Milton Friedman initia une pens\u00E9e \u00E9conomique d'inspiration lib\u00E9rale dont les prescriptions s'opposent de front \u00E0 celle du keyn\u00E9sianisme. En r\u00E9ponse \u00E0 la fonction de consommation keyn\u00E9sienne, il d\u00E9veloppa la th\u00E9orie du revenu permanent. Avec cette th\u00E9orie et l'introduction du taux de ch\u00F4mage naturel, Friedman remet en cause le bien fond\u00E9 des politiques de relance qui, pour lui, ne peuvent que provoquer de l'inflation contre laquelle il faut lutter. \u00C0 cette fin, il proposa l'instauration d'un taux constant de croissance de la masse mon\u00E9taire. Ses id\u00E9es se diffus\u00E8rent progressivement et devinrent populaires parmi les milieux politiques dans les ann\u00E9es 1980, influen\u00E7ant profond\u00E9ment les mouvements conservateurs et libertariens am\u00E9ricains. Ses id\u00E9es \u00E9conomiques sur le mon\u00E9tarisme, la fiscalit\u00E9, les privatisations et la d\u00E9r\u00E8glementation ont inspir\u00E9 les politiques \u00E9conomiques de nombreux gouvernements \u00E0 travers le monde, notamment ceux de Ronald Reagan aux \u00C9tats-Unis, de Margaret Thatcher en Grande-Bretagne, d\u2019Augusto Pinochet au Chili, ou de Brian Mulroney au Canada."@fr , "Milton Friedman (July 31, 1912 – November 16, 2006) was an American economist, statistician and public intellectual, and a recipient of the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. He is best known among scholars for his theoretical and empirical research, especially consumption analysis, monetary history and theory, and for his demonstration of the complexity of stabilization policy. Over time, many governments followed his restatement of a political philosophy that insisted on minimizing the role of government in favor of the private sector. As a leader of the Chicago School of economics, based at the University of Chicago, he had a widespread influence in shaping the research agenda of the entire profession. Friedman's many monographs, books, scholarly articles, papers, magazine columns, television programs, videos and lectures cover a broad range of topics in microeconomics, macroeconomics, economic history, and public policy issues. The Economist hailed him as \"the most influential economist of the second half of the 20th century\u2026possibly of all of it\". The libertarian Reason Magazine argues that Milton Friedman's scholarship has influenced the Federal Reserve's response to the 2008-2009 economic crisis. Originally a Keynesian supporter of the New Deal and advocate of government intervention in the economy, in the 1950s his reinterpretation of the Keynesian consumption function challenged the basic Keynesian model. At the University of Chicago, Friedman became the leader of the first recognized counter-revolution against Keynesianism. In the 1960s he promoted an alternative macroeconomic policy called monetarism. He theorized there existed a \"natural rate of unemployment\" and he argued the central government could not micromanage the economy because people would realize what the government was doing and shift their behavior to neutralize the impact of policies. He rejected the Phillips Curve and predicted that Keynesian policies then in place would cause \"stagflation\" (high inflation and low growth). Friedman's claim that monetary policy could have prevented the Great Depression was an attempt to refute the analysis of Keynes, who argued that monetary policy is ineffective under depression conditions and that fiscal policy \u2014 large-scale deficit spending by the government \u2014 is needed to fight mass unemployment. Though opposed to the existence of the Federal Reserve, Friedman argued that, given that it does exist, a steady expansion of the money supply was the only wise policy, and he warned against efforts by a treasury or central bank to do otherwise. Influenced by his close friend George Stigler, Friedman opposed government regulation of many types. He once stated that his role in eliminating U.S. conscription was his proudest accomplishment, and his support for school choice led him to found The Friedman Foundation for Educational Choice. Friedman's political philosophy, which he considered classically liberal and libertarian, stressed the advantages of the marketplace and the disadvantages of government intervention and regulation, strongly influencing the outlook of American conservatives and libertarians. In his 1962 book Capitalism and Freedom, Friedman advocated policies such as a volunteer military, freely floating exchange rates, abolition of licensing of doctors, a negative income tax, and education vouchers. His books and essays were widely read and even circulated underground behind the Iron Curtain. Friedman's methodological innovations were widely accepted by economists, but his policy prescriptions were highly controversial. Most economists in the 1960s rejected them, but since then they have had a growing international influence (especially in the US and Britain), and in the 21st century have gained wide acceptance among many economists. He thus lived to see some of his laissez-faire ideas embraced by the mainstream, especially during the 1980s. His views on monetary policy, taxation, privatization and deregulation formed the policy of governments around the globe, most notably the administrations of Margaret Thatcher in the United Kingdom, Ronald Reagan in the United States and Augusto Pinochet in Chile."@en , "\u041C\u0456\u0301\u043B\u0442\u043E\u043D \u0424\u0440\u0456\u0301\u0434\u043C\u0430\u043D \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0457\u043C\u0438 \u0440\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0437 \u043C\u0430\u043A\u0440\u043E\u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u043A\u0438, \u043C\u0456\u043A\u0440\u043E\u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u043A\u0438, \u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0457, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438, \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0454\u044E \u043F\u043E\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0454\u044E \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u0430\u043F\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437\u043C\u0443. \u0423 1976 \u0440\u043E\u0446\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u043D \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u043B\u0430\u0443\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0442\u043E\u043C \u043F\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0456\u0457 \u043F\u0430\u043C'\u044F\u0442\u0456 \u0410\u043B\u044C\u0444\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430 \u041D\u043E\u0431\u0435\u043B\u044F \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u044F\u0433\u043D\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0443 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0456 \u0441\u043F\u043E\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0447\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0430\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437\u0443, \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0440\u043E\u0431\u0446\u0456 \u0433\u0440\u043E\u0448\u043E\u0432\u043E-\u043A\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0456\u043B\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0456\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438. \u0411\u0443\u0432 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0442\u043E\u043C \u0410\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0430\u0441\u043E\u0446\u0456\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0437 1967 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0443. \u0424\u0440\u0456\u0434\u043C\u0430\u043D \u043F\u043E\u043C\u0435\u0440 16 \u043B\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043F\u0430\u0434\u0430 2006 \u0440\u043E\u043A\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0435\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0430\u0434\u0443. \u0419\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430 \u0420\u043E\u0443\u0437 \u0442\u0435\u0436 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0439 \u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442, \u0434\u043E\u043D\u044C\u043A\u0430 \u0414\u0436\u043E\u0442 \u2014 \u044E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442, \u0441\u0438\u043D \u0414\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0434 \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0444\u0435\u0441\u043E\u0440 \u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u043A\u0438 \u0427\u0438\u043A\u0430\u0437\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0443\u043D\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0443."@uk , "Milton Friedman war ein US-amerikanischer \u00D6konom, der fundamentale Arbeiten auf den Gebieten der Makro\u00F6konomie, der Mikro\u00F6konomie, der Wirtschaftsgeschichte und der Statistik verfasste. Er erhielt 1976 den Nobelpreis f\u00FCr Wirtschaftswissenschaften f\u00FCr seine Leistungen auf dem Gebiet der Analyse des Konsums, der Geschichte und der Theorie des Geldes und f\u00FCr seine Demonstration der Komplexit\u00E4t der Stabilit\u00E4tspolitik. Friedman wird neben John Maynard Keynes als der einflussreichste \u00D6konom des zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts angesehen. Seine liberale Grundhaltung kommt in seinem Bestseller Kapitalismus und Freiheit (1962) zum Ausdruck. Darin forderte er die Minimierung der Rolle des Staates, um somit politische und gesellschaftliche Freiheit zu f\u00F6rdern. In seiner Fernsehserie Free to Choose, die PBS im Jahre 1980 sendete, erkl\u00E4rte Friedman die Funktionsweisen des freien Marktes und unterstrich besonders, dass andere wirtschaftliche Systeme die sozialen und politischen Probleme einer Gesellschaft nicht ad\u00E4quat l\u00F6sen k\u00F6nnten. Sp\u00E4ter wurde die Serie als Buch ver\u00F6ffentlicht, als Co-Autor trat seine Frau Rose Friedman in Erscheinung. Das Buch war ein gro\u00DFer Erfolg, ebenso wie seine Kolumnen f\u00FCr das Newsweek-Magazin. Auf dem Gebiet der Statistik entwickelte er den Friedman-Test. Seine politische Philosophie \u2013 Friedman selbst betrachtete sich als klassischen Liberalen \u2013 hob besonders die Vorteile eines freien Marktes und die Nachteile staatlicher Eingriffe hervor. Damit beeinflusste er essentiell die Einstellung der amerikanischen Konservativen und Libert\u00E4ren. Er \u00FCbte kolossalen Einfluss auf die Politik von Richard Nixon und Ronald Reagan aus, aber auch auf die Politik unz\u00E4hliger anderer L\u00E4nder in den 80er Jahren. Auch die deutsche Regierung wollte unter Helmut Kohl 1982 urspr\u00FCnglich die angebotsorientierte Wirtschaftstheorie umsetzen, tat dies aber nur ansatzweise. Friedman war Professor an der Universit\u00E4t von Chicago. Er war Sch\u00FCler von Frank Knight. Der Rechtswissenschaftler David D. Friedman ist sein Sohn, sein Enkel Patri Friedman ist Bef\u00FCrworter von Seasteading."@de , "Milton Friedman oli yhdysvaltalainen yhteiskuntafilosofi ja Nobelin palkinnon taloustieteess\u00E4 1976 saanut ekonomisti. Yhdysvaltain entinen apulaisvaltiovarainministeri J. Bradford DeLong pit\u00E4\u00E4 Friedmania 1900-luvun toiseksi vaikutusvaltaisimpana taloustieteilij\u00E4n\u00E4 John Maynard Keynesin j\u00E4lkeen. Friedmania pidet\u00E4\u00E4n monetaristisen taloustieteen ja kansalaispalkan is\u00E4n\u00E4. Niin sanottua Chicagon koulukuntaa edustanut Friedman vaikutti merkitt\u00E4v\u00E4sti esimerkiksi Yhdysvaltain presidentti Ronald Reaganin ja Ison-Britannian p\u00E4\u00E4ministeri Margaret Thatcherin ajatuksiin, vaikka Reagan ja Thatcher eiv\u00E4t t\u00E4ysin harjoittaneetkaan h\u00E4nen kannattamaansa liberaalia politiikkaa edes talouden alalla. 1990-luvulla Friedmanin oppeja on osin sovellettu muun muassa Virossa ja Uudessa-Seelannissa. Merkitt\u00E4vimp\u00E4n\u00E4 saavutuksenaan h\u00E4n piti asevelvollisuuden (\"pakkoty\u00F6n\") lakkauttamista Yhdysvalloissa. Friedman oli tunnettu taloudellisen liberalismin tukemisesta. H\u00E4n osallistui my\u00F6s aktiivisesti yhteiskunnalliseen keskusteluun. Vuonna 1980 Yhdysvalloissa esitettiin Friedmanin kirjoittama kymmenosainen talouspoliittinen televisiodokumentti Free to Choose. Ohjelmasarjan ohessa Milton Friedman kirjoitti kirjan Vapaus valita (suom. 1982) puolisonsa Rose Friedmanin kanssa. Friedman toimi my\u00F6s presidentti Reaganin talouspoliittisena neuvonantajana. Milton Friedmania on luonnehdittu yhdest\u00E4 n\u00E4k\u00F6kulmasta Keynesin t\u00E4htioppilaaksi ja t\u00E4m\u00E4n ty\u00F6n t\u00E4ydent\u00E4j\u00E4ksi. Kun Keynesin teoria k\u00E4sitteli korkoa, ty\u00F6llisyytt\u00E4 ja rahaa, Friedman t\u00E4ydensi mallia hinnoilla. Friedman lis\u00E4si Keynesin viitekehykseen teorian hinnoista ja inflaatiosta. T\u00E4m\u00E4 perustui ajatukselle luonnollisesta ty\u00F6tt\u00F6myysasteesta sek\u00E4 valtiolliselle politiikalle asetettavista rajoista talouden vakauttamisessa pitk\u00E4aikeisten kasvutrendiens\u00E4 ymp\u00E4rille; n\u00E4iden rajojen ylitt\u00E4minen sys\u00E4isi liikkeelle hallitsemattoman inflaation. Friedmanin Anna Schwartzin kanssa kirjoittama A Monetary History of the United States aloitti h\u00E4nen 30-vuotisen missionsa rahapolitiikan merkityksen palauttamiseksi keynesil\u00E4isten siihen kohdistaman ylenkatseen sijaan."@fi , "\u7C73\u723E\u9813\u00B7\u5085\u5229\u66FC\uFF08{{lang|en|Milton Friedman\uFF0C{{bd|1912\u5E74|7\u670831\u65E5|2006\u5E74|11\u670816\u65E5|catIdx=Friedman, Milton\uFF09\u662F\u7F8E\u570B\u7D93\u6FDF\u5B78\u5BB6\uFF0C\u4EE5\u7814\u7A76\u5B8F\u89C0\u7D93\u6FDF\u5B78\u3001\u5FAE\u89C0\u7D93\u6FDF\u5B78\u3001\u7D93\u6FDF\u53F2\u3001\u7D71\u8A08\u5B78\u3001\u53CA\u4E3B\u5F35\u81EA\u7531\u653E\u4EFB\u8CC7\u672C\u4E3B\u7FA9\u800C\u805E\u540D\u30021976\u5E74\u53D6\u5F97\u8AFE\u8C9D\u723E\u7D93\u6FDF\u5B78\u734E\uFF0C\u4EE5\u8868\u63DA\u4ED6\u5728\u6D88\u8CBB\u5206\u6790\u3001\u8CA8\u5E63\u4F9B\u61C9\u7406\u8AD6\u53CA\u6B77\u53F2\u3001\u548C\u7A69\u5B9A\u653F\u7B56\u8907\u96DC\u6027\u7B49\u7BC4\u7587\u7684\u8CA2\u737B\uFF0C\u88AB\u8B7D\u70BA20\u4E16\u7D00\u6700\u91CD\u8981\u7684\u7D93\u6FDF\u5B78\u5BB6\u4E4B\u4E00\u3002 \u4F5B\u5229\u6C11\u662F\u300A\u8CC7\u672C\u4E3B\u7FA9\u8207\u81EA\u7531\u300B\u4E00\u66F8\u7684\u4F5C\u8005\uFF0C\u57281962\u5E74\u51FA\u7248\uFF0C\u63D0\u5021\u5C07\u653F\u5E9C\u7684\u89D2\u8272\u6700\u5C0F\u5316\u4EE5\u8B93\u81EA\u7531\u5E02\u5834\u904B\u4F5C\uFF0C\u4EE5\u6B64\u7DAD\u6301\u653F\u6CBB\u548C\u793E\u6703\u81EA\u7531\u3002\u4ED6\u7684\u653F\u6CBB\u54F2\u5B78\u5F37\u8ABF\u81EA\u7531\u5E02\u5834\u7D93\u6FDF\u7684\u512A\u9EDE\uFF0C\u4E26\u53CD\u5C0D\u653F\u5E9C\u7684\u5E72\u9810\u3002\u4ED6\u7684\u7406\u8AD6\u6210\u4E86\u81EA\u7531\u610F\u5FD7\u4E3B\u7FA9\u7684\u4E3B\u8981\u7D93\u6FDF\u6839\u64DA\u4E4B\u4E00\uFF0C\u4E26\u4E14\u5C0D1980\u5E74\u4EE3\u958B\u59CB\u7F8E\u570B\u7684\u7F57\u7EB3\u5FB7\u00B7\u91CC\u6839\u4EE5\u53CA\u8A31\u591A\u5176\u4ED6\u570B\u5BB6\u7684\u7D93\u6FDF\u53CA\u8CA8\u5E63\u653F\u7B56\u6709\u6975\u5927\u5F71\u97FF\u3002"@zh , "Milton Friedman, Nobel \u00F6d\u00FCll\u00FC ABD'li ekonomist. Milton Friedman, Monetarizmin olu\u015Fumunda ve tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131nda en \u00F6nemli isimdir. 1976 y\u0131l\u0131nda \"Paran\u0131n Miktar Teorisi \u00FCzerine \u00E7al\u0131\u015Fmalar\" adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda Monetarizmin temel ilkelerini ortaya koymu\u015Ftur. Amerika'daki Devlet okullar\u0131nda \u00F6\u011Frencilere \u00FCcretsiz \u00F6\u011Fle yeme\u011Fi verilmesi tart\u0131\u015Fmalar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda s\u00F6yledi\u011Fi \"There is no such thing as a Free Lunch\" (Bedava \u00F6\u011Fle yeme\u011Fi diye bir \u015Fey yoktur) s\u00F6z\u00FC monetarist ekonomi'ye inananlar\u0131n ana tart\u0131\u015Fma ekseni oldu. Milton Friedman kendisine Nobel Ekonomi \u00D6d\u00FCl\u00FC verilirken yapt\u0131\u011F\u0131 konu\u015Fmada \"enflasyon her zaman ve her yerde parasal bir olgu olmu\u015Ftur\" s\u00F6z\u00FCyle parasal geni\u015Fleme - enflasyon aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131k\u0131 ili\u015Fkiye vurgu yapm\u0131\u015Ft\u0131r. Friedman ayr\u0131ca bir ekonomik durgunluk ya da bunal\u0131m d\u00F6neminde bir \u015Fekilde \"ipleri elinde tutmak\" \u015Feklindeki dinamik agresif bir para arz\u0131 geni\u015Flemesinin etkili olmayaca\u011F\u0131 d\u00FC\u015F\u00FCncesinden hareketle ortaya at\u0131lan \"para \u00F6nemli de\u011Fildir\" tarz\u0131ndaki hakim Keynesyen d\u00FC\u015F\u00FCnceyi ortadan kald\u0131rmak istemi\u015Ftir. Friedman ve di\u011Fer Monetaristlerden Schwartz, para politikas\u0131n\u0131n hem geni\u015Flemelerde hem de daralmalarda ger\u00E7ekten etkili oldu\u011Funu g\u00F6stermi\u015Flerdir. Milton Friedman'\u0131n para ekonomisi \u00FCzerine yapt\u0131\u011F\u0131 \u00E7al\u0131\u015Fmas\u0131, 1960'larda ve 1970'lerde enflasyon tehlike sinyalleri vermeye ba\u015Flad\u0131k\u00E7a, giderek \u00F6nemli ve uygulanabilir hale geldi. Friedman'a g\u00F6re ileri \u00FClkelerde 1970'lerden sonra ba\u015F g\u00F6steren krizin as\u0131l nedeni John Maynard Keynes'ten esinlenerek uygulamaya sokulmu\u015F konjonkt\u00FCr politikalar\u0131d\u0131r. Y\u00FCksek d\u00FCzeyde istihdam olu\u015Fturmay\u0131 esas alm\u0131\u015F olan konjonkt\u00FCr politikalar, gev\u015Fek politikas\u0131ndan do\u011Fan etkilerle ekonomileri raydan \u00E7\u0131kararak istikrars\u0131zl\u0131\u011F\u0131 yayg\u0131nla\u015Ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015Ft\u0131r. 1970'lerin ve 1980'lerin ba\u015Flar\u0131nda Monetarsitler gerek Akademik ve gerekse politik \u00E7evrelerden bir\u00E7ok taraftara toplayarak d\u00FC\u015F\u00FCncelerini yaym\u0131\u015Flard\u0131r. Onlara g\u00F6re 1970'li y\u0131lar\u0131n sorunu olan i\u015Fsizlik ve enflasyonun sebebi uygulanan geli\u015Fig\u00FCzel para politikalar\u0131d\u0131r. Ekonomik istikrars\u0131zl\u0131\u011F\u0131n kayna\u011F\u0131 ise para arz\u0131ndaki d\u00FCzensiz dalgalanmalard\u0131r"@tr , "Milton Friedman \u2013 ekonomista ameryka\u0144ski, tw\u00F3rca monetaryzmu, laureat nagrody Banku Szwecji im. Alfreda Nobla w dziedzinie ekonomii w 1976 roku. Zdecydowany obro\u0144ca i propagator wolnego rynku. W ksi\u0105\u017Cce Kapitalizm i Wolno\u015B\u0107 proponowa\u0142 minimalizacj\u0119 roli rz\u0105du w gospodarce wolnorynkowej, w celu zapewnienia politycznej stabilno\u015Bci i wolno\u015Bci. Jego ksi\u0105\u017Cka Wolny wyb\u00F3r odegra\u0142a wielk\u0105 rol\u0119 w kszta\u0142towaniu postaw antysocjalistycznych."@pl , "Milton Friedman was een Amerikaanse econoom, voorvechter van vrijemarktkapitalisme en een beperkte overheid. In 1976 won hij de Nobelprijs voor de Economie (die eigenlijk de Prijs van de Zweedse Rijksbank voor economie heet) en hij kreeg in 1988 de Presidenti\u00EBle Vrijheidsmedaille uitgereikt door toenmalig Amerikaans president Ronald Reagan."@nl ; rdfs:comment "Milton Friedman est un \u00E9conomiste am\u00E9ricain n\u00E9 le 31 juillet 1912 \u00E0 New York et d\u00E9c\u00E9d\u00E9 le 16 novembre 2006 \u00E0 San Francisco, consid\u00E9r\u00E9 comme l'un des \u00E9conomistes les plus influents du XX si\u00E8cle. Titulaire du prix de la Banque de Su\u00E8de en sciences \u00E9conomiques en m\u00E9moire d'Alfred Nobel de l'ann\u00E9e 1976, il a \u00E9t\u00E9 un ardent d\u00E9fenseur du lib\u00E9ralisme."@fr , "Milton Friedman fou un economista nord-americ\u00E0 guardonat amb el Premi Nobel d'Economia l'any 1976."@ca , "Milton Friedman (July 31, 1912 – November 16, 2006) was an American economist, statistician and public intellectual, and a recipient of the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. He is best known among scholars for his theoretical and empirical research, especially consumption analysis, monetary history and theory, and for his demonstration of the complexity of stabilization policy."@en , "Milton Friedman var en amerikansk \u00F8konom. Han fikk i 1976 Sveriges Riksbanks \u00F8konomipris til minne om Alfred Nobel for sine bidrag p\u00E5 omr\u00E5der som forbruksanalyse, valutahistorie og -teori, samt for \u00E5 demonstrere kompleksiteten i stabiliseringspolitikk . Friedman er kjent for \u00E5 v\u00E6re en sterk tilhenger av en fri markeds\u00F8konomi, og skrev mange popul\u00E6rvitenskapelige debattb\u00F8ker i tillegg til sin akademiske forskning."@no , "Milton Friedman a fost profesor al Universit\u0103\u0163ii din Chicago. \u00CEn 1976 a primit Premiul Nobel pentru Economie. El este considerat reprezentantul principal al \u015Fcolii din Chicago \u015Fi a fost elevul lui Frank Knight. Fiul s\u0103u este David D. Friedman. Milton Friedman a adus nenum\u0103rate contribu\u0163ii la dezvoltarea microeconomiei \u015Fi a macroeconomiei precum \u015Fi la dezvoltarea teoriile cu privire la economia de pia\u0163\u0103 \u015Fi la minimalizarea rolului statului \u00EEn coordonarea economiei."@ro , "Milton Friedman, Nobel \u00F6d\u00FCll\u00FC ABD'li ekonomist. Milton Friedman, Monetarizmin olu\u015Fumunda ve tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131nda en \u00F6nemli isimdir. 1976 y\u0131l\u0131nda \"Paran\u0131n Miktar Teorisi \u00FCzerine \u00E7al\u0131\u015Fmalar\" adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda Monetarizmin temel ilkelerini ortaya koymu\u015Ftur."@tr , "Milton Friedman byl americk\u00FD ekonom, nositel Nobelovy ceny za ekonomii. Friedman byl velmi v\u00FDzna\u010Dn\u00FDm liber\u00E1ln\u00EDm ekonomem 2. pol. 20. stol. , zast\u00E1ncem doktr\u00EDny Laissez faire a jako takov\u00FD zna\u010Dn\u011B p\u0159isp\u011Bl k rozvoji neoklasick\u00E9 ekonomie. Studoval matematiku na Rutgers University a pozd\u011Bji ekonomii na univerzit\u011B v Chicagu. V roce 1935 pracoval ve Washingtonu na p\u0159\u00EDprav\u011B rozs\u00E1hl\u00E9 studie o rozpo\u010Dtech spot\u0159ebitel\u016F."@cs , "Milton Friedman \u2013 ekonomista ameryka\u0144ski, tw\u00F3rca monetaryzmu, laureat nagrody Banku Szwecji im. Alfreda Nobla w dziedzinie ekonomii w 1976 roku. Zdecydowany obro\u0144ca i propagator wolnego rynku. W ksi\u0105\u017Cce Kapitalizm i Wolno\u015B\u0107 proponowa\u0142 minimalizacj\u0119 roli rz\u0105du w gospodarce wolnorynkowej, w celu zapewnienia politycznej stabilno\u015Bci i wolno\u015Bci. Jego ksi\u0105\u017Cka Wolny wyb\u00F3r odegra\u0142a wielk\u0105 rol\u0119 w kszta\u0142towaniu postaw antysocjalistycznych."@pl , "Milton Friedman magyar sz\u00E1rmaz\u00E1s\u00FA Nobel-d\u00EDjas amerikai k\u00F6zgazd\u00E1sz ."@hu , "Milton Friedman fue un destacado economista e intelectual estadounidense. Defensor del libre mercado y exponente del monetarismo neocl\u00E1sico de la Escuela de Econom\u00EDa de Chicago, Friedman realiz\u00F3 contribuciones importantes en los campos de macroeconom\u00EDa, microeconom\u00EDa, historia econ\u00F3mica y estad\u00EDstica."@es , "\u041C\u0438\u0301\u043B\u0442\u043E\u043D \u0424\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0434\u043C\u0430\u043D \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0441\u0442, \u043B\u0430\u0443\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0442 \u041D\u043E\u0431\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0438\u0438 1976 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0430 \u00AB\u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0432 \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u043D\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F, \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0436\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u043A\u0438 \u043C\u043E\u043D\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0438, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043A\u0430\u0437 \u0441\u043B\u043E\u0436\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043B\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438\u00BB."@ru , "\u30D5\u30A1\u30A4\u30EB:MiltonFriedman. jpg \u30DF\u30EB\u30C8\u30F3\u30FB\u30D5\u30EA\u30FC\u30C9\u30DE\u30F3 \u30DF\u30EB\u30C8\u30F3\u30FB\u30D5\u30EA\u30FC\u30C9\u30DE\u30F3\uFF08Milton Friedman, 1912\u5E747\u670831\u65E5 - 2006\u5E7411\u670816\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u30A2\u30E1\u30EA\u30AB\u5408\u8846\u56FD\u30CB\u30E5\u30FC\u30E8\u30FC\u30AF\u51FA\u8EAB\u306E\u65B0\u81EA\u7531\u4E3B\u7FA9\u306E\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja , "Milton Friedman, f\u00F6dd 31 juli 1912 i Brooklyn av judiska emigranter i New York, d\u00F6d 16 november 2006 i San Francisco i Kalifornien, var en amerikansk nationalekonom och statistiker. Han var professor vid Chicagos universitet 1948-1977 och mottagare av Sveriges Riksbanks pris i ekonomisk vetenskap till Alfred Nobels minne 1976."@sv , "Milton Friedman oli yhdysvaltalainen yhteiskuntafilosofi ja Nobelin palkinnon taloustieteess\u00E4 1976 saanut ekonomisti. Yhdysvaltain entinen apulaisvaltiovarainministeri J. Bradford DeLong pit\u00E4\u00E4 Friedmania 1900-luvun toiseksi vaikutusvaltaisimpana taloustieteilij\u00E4n\u00E4 John Maynard Keynesin j\u00E4lkeen. Friedmania pidet\u00E4\u00E4n monetaristisen taloustieteen ja kansalaispalkan is\u00E4n\u00E4."@fi , ""@zh , "\u041C\u0456\u0301\u043B\u0442\u043E\u043D \u0424\u0440\u0456\u0301\u0434\u043C\u0430\u043D \u2014 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0441\u0442, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0457\u043C\u0438 \u0440\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0437 \u043C\u0430\u043A\u0440\u043E\u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u043A\u0438, \u043C\u0456\u043A\u0440\u043E\u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u043A\u0438, \u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0457, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438, \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0454\u044E \u043F\u043E\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0454\u044E \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u0430\u043F\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043B\u0456\u0437\u043C\u0443."@uk , "Milton Friedman pai do te\u00F3rico anarco-capitalista David Friedman, foi um dos mais destacados economistas do s\u00E9culo XX e um dos mais influentes te\u00F3ricos do liberalismo econ\u00F3mico e defensor do capitalismo laissez-faire e do livre mercado."@pt , "Milton Friedman war ein US-amerikanischer \u00D6konom, der fundamentale Arbeiten auf den Gebieten der Makro\u00F6konomie, der Mikro\u00F6konomie, der Wirtschaftsgeschichte und der Statistik verfasste. Er erhielt 1976 den Nobelpreis f\u00FCr Wirtschaftswissenschaften f\u00FCr seine Leistungen auf dem Gebiet der Analyse des Konsums, der Geschichte und der Theorie des Geldes und f\u00FCr seine Demonstration der Komplexit\u00E4t der Stabilit\u00E4tspolitik."@de , "Milton Friedman was een Amerikaanse econoom, voorvechter van vrijemarktkapitalisme en een beperkte overheid. In 1976 won hij de Nobelprijs voor de Economie (die eigenlijk de Prijs van de Zweedse Rijksbank voor economie heet) en hij kreeg in 1988 de Presidenti\u00EBle Vrijheidsmedaille uitgereikt door toenmalig Amerikaans president Ronald Reagan."@nl ; foaf:depiction ; foaf:givenname "Milton"@de . @prefix skos: . @prefix ns17: . dbpedia:Milton_Friedman skos:subject ns17:Friedman_family , ns17:American_Jews , ns17:Nobel_laureates_in_Economics , ns17:Drug_policy_reform_activists , ns17:People_from_New_York_City , ns17:University_of_Chicago_alumni , ns17:American_economics_writers , ns17:University_of_Chicago_faculty , , ns17:Libertarian_theorists , ns17:Rahway_High_School_alumni , ns17:Libertarian_economists , , ns17:Republican_Liberty_Caucus_members , ns17:Rutgers_University_alumni , , ns17:Jewish_American_writers , ns17:Members_of_the_National_Academy_of_Sciences , ns17:Fellows_of_the_Econometric_Society , ns17:American_agnostics , ns17:Deaths_from_cardiovascular_disease , ns17:American_economists , ns17:Fellows_of_the_American_Statistical_Association , ns17:American_libertarians , ns17:Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom_recipients , ns17:Monetary_economists , , ns17:Macroeconomists , ns17:Columbia_University_alumni , ns17:Mont_Pelerin_Society_members , ns17:Monetarists , ns17:Jewish_agnostics , ns17:Classical_liberals , ns17:National_Medal_of_Science_laureates , ns17:Jewish_American_scientists . @prefix ns18: . dbpedia:Milton_Friedman dbpprop:wikiPageUsesTemplate ns18:persondata , ns18:harvard_reference , ns18:infobox_economist ; dbpprop:isbn 226264157 , 691118205 ; dbpprop:year 1999 , 2004 ; dbpprop:last "Bernanke"@en , "Friedman"@en ; dbpprop:contributions dbpedia:Floating_exchange_rate , , dbpedia:Monetary_economics , dbpedia:Price_theory ; dbpprop:title "Two Lucky People: Memoirs"@en , "Essays on the Great Depression"@en ; dbpprop:publisher "Princeton University Press"@en , "University of Chicago Press"@en ; dbpprop:imageSize "130px"@en ; dbpprop:birthPlace "Brooklyn, New York City, New York, United States"@en ; dbpprop:deathPlace ; dbpprop:almaMater dbpedia:Columbia_University , dbpedia:Rutgers_University ; dbpprop:alternativeNames "None"@en ; dbpprop:color "lightsteelblue"@en ; dbpprop:first "Milton"@en , "Ben"@en ; dbpprop:imageName "MiltonFriedman.jpg"@en ; dbpprop:field dbpedia:Economics ; dbpprop:birth . @prefix ns19: . dbpedia:Milton_Friedman dbpprop:birth ns19:birth_date ; dbpprop:death "\n"@en . @prefix ns20: . dbpedia:Milton_Friedman dbpprop:death ns20:death_date_and_age , ns20:City-state ; dbpprop:influences dbpedia:Arthur_Burns , dbpedia:Frank_Knight , dbpedia:Henry_Calvert_Simons , dbpedia:George_Stigler , dbpedia:Friedrich_Hayek , . @prefix ns21: . dbpedia:Milton_Friedman dbpprop:relatedInstance ns21:harvnb5 , ns21:harvnb6 , ns21:harvnb1 , ns21:harvnb2 , ns21:harvnb3 , ns21:harvnb4 , ns21:quote3 , ns21:quote1 , ns21:quote2 ; dbpprop:dateOfBirth "July 31, 1912"@en ; dbpprop:dateOfDeath "November 16, 2006"@en ; dbpprop:schoolTradition dbpedia:Chicago_School_of_Economics ; dbpprop:opposed dbpedia:John_Maynard_Keynes , dbpedia:Ludwig_von_Mises , dbpedia:Murray_Rothbard ; dbpprop:shortDescription "American economist, public intellectual, nobel laureate"@en ; dbpprop:awards dbpedia:National_Medal_of_Science , dbpedia:Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom , dbpedia:John_Bates_Clark_Medal ; dbpprop:institution dbpedia:Hoover_Institution , dbpedia:Columbia_University . @prefix ns22: . dbpedia:Milton_Friedman dbpprop:hasPhotoCollection ns22:Milton_Friedman . @prefix ns23: . dbpedia:Milton_Friedman dbpprop:wordnet_type ns23:synset-scientist-noun-1 ; ns0:individualisedPnd "118535625" . dbpedia:Free_to_Choose dbpedia-owl:author dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; ns5:author dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; dbpprop:author dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Henry_Hazlitt dbpprop:influenced dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpprop:opposed dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; dbpprop:influences dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; dbpedia-owl:influencedBy dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; ns0:influencedBy dbpedia:Milton_Friedman ; dbpprop:influences dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Herbert_Stein dbpprop:influences dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:James_Duesenberry dbpprop:opposed dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:William_Easterly dbpprop:influences dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Sequential_sampling dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Milt_freidman dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Milt_friedman dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Harry_Girvetz dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Milton_Freedman dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Milton_Fridman dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Milton_freidman dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . dbpedia:Milton_friedman dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Milton_Friedman . @prefix yago: . yago:Milton_Friedman owl:sameAs dbpedia:Milton_Friedman .