@prefix rdf: . @prefix dbpedia: . @prefix ns2: . dbpedia:Microform rdf:type ns2:Documents . @prefix opencyc: . dbpedia:Microform rdf:type opencyc:Mx4rejmDbrF_QdeIENT1qpbYzQ , opencyc:Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA , ns2:CanadianInventions , opencyc:Mx4rpPHhAOB1EdqAAAACs6hRXg . @prefix owl: . dbpedia:Microform owl:sameAs opencyc:Mx4rvVjm7JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA , . @prefix ns5: . dbpedia:Microform owl:sameAs ns5:Mx4rvVjnMJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA , ns5:Mx4rvVjm7JwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA . @prefix foaf: . @prefix ns7: . dbpedia:Microform foaf:page ns7:Microform . @prefix dbpprop: . dbpedia:Microform dbpprop:reference , , , . @prefix rdfs: . dbpedia:Microform rdfs:label "Microfilm"@it , "\u30DE\u30A4\u30AF\u30ED\u30D5\u30A3\u30EB\u30E0"@ja , "Mikrofilmi"@fi , "Mikroform"@de , "Microfilm"@fr , "Mikrofilm"@pl , "Microform"@en , "\u5FAE\u7F29\u80F6\u7247"@zh , "Mikroform"@sv , "Microfilm"@nl , "Microfilme"@pt , "\u041C\u0438\u043A\u0440\u043E\u0444\u0438\u043B\u044C\u043C"@ru , "Mikrofilm"@tr ; dbpprop:abstract "Microfilm is transparant fotografisch materiaal waarop in sterk verkleinde vorm de bladzijden van een tekst of andere informatie is afgedrukt. Het komt voor als 16 mm brede film die op spoelen gewikkeld wordt of als kaarten ter grootte van een briefkaart. Deze laatste vorm wordt microfiche genoemd. Het beeld op microfilm is vrijwel altijd negatief. Een microfiche bevat in rijen een aantal bladzijden tekst. Na plaatsing in een leesapparaat kan men een deel van de tekst vergroot op een scherm zien. Men kan met de hand horizontaal en verticaal schuiven om een gedeelte te selecteren. Een filmspoel bevat pagina's naast elkaar. Na plaatsing van de spoel in een leesapparaat kan men vaak met variabele snelheid elektrisch door- en terugspoelen. Bij beide systemen is het vaak mogelijk bladzijden op papier af te drukken. In een wetenschappelijke bibliotheek en abdij wordt deze drager om informatie op te slaan nog vaak gebruikt. Microfiches zijn o.a. in genealogische archieven bekend. De Mormonen, begaan met genealogie, maken er vaak een erezaak van het genealogisch erfgoed te bewaren door deze op microfilm te zetten. Nochtans vergt deze opslagmethode veel onderhoud. Microfiche is op dit moment nog het medium dat het meest betrouwbaar is voor conservering van informatie voor de langere termijn. Microfilm is echter zeer kwetsbaar gebleken; veel van de Mormonenfilms van kort na de Tweede Wereldoorlog zijn reeds zo gesleten dat ze verkruimelen. Dit komt vooral doordat er gewerkt werd vanuit het origineel en niet vanuit een relatief goedkope gebruikerskopie; als dat wel het geval was kon er makkelijk een nieuwe gebruikerskopie worden vervaardigd. De toegankelijkheid van microfilms is echter niet ideaal voor de eindgebruiker: niet alleen zijn er de fysieke handelingen, ook is er geen zoekfunctie. Overzetten van de informatie naar digitale dragers kan als afbeeldingen van pagina's, of met ook digitalisering van de tekst, zodat die doorzoekbaar wordt. Microfiches zijn in de automobielbranche lang gebruikt als medium om technische gegevens op te slaan. Iedere dealer kon zo opzoeken, welke onderdelen er in een bepaald model, type en modeljaar van een auto gebruikt zijn. De opkomst van computers heeft microfiches (in de automobielbranche) overbodig gemaakt."@nl , "Microforms are any form, either films or paper, containing microreproductions of documents for transmission, storage, reading, and printing. Microform images are commonly reduced about 25 times from the original document size. For special purposes, greater optical reductions may be used. All microform images may be provided as positives or negatives, more often the latter. Three formats are common: microfilm (reels), aperture cards and microfiche (flat sheets). Microcards, a format no longer produced, were similar to microfiche, but printed on cardboard rather than photographic film."@en , "Microfilme \u00E9 uma m\u00EDdia anal\u00F3gica de armazenamento para livros, peri\u00F3dicos, documentos e desenhos. A sua forma mais padronizada \u00E9 um rolo de filme fotogr\u00E1fico 35mm preto e branco. Outra forma, mais comum para uso em engenharia, \u00E9 um cart\u00E3o perfurado Hollerith de exposi\u00E7\u00E3o \u00FAnica. A maioria da m\u00EDdia em microfilme tem um sistema digital de indexa\u00E7\u00E3o exposto na borda de cada imagem, mas esses dados n\u00E3o s\u00E3o requeridos para usar o filme em si, e sim para suportar sistemas automatizados de pesquisa. O microfilme n\u00E3o \u00E9 a m\u00EDdia mais compacta em microforma em uso geral: microfichas s\u00E3o ainda mais compactas. A m\u00EDdia tem numerosas vantagens: Primeiro, \u00E9 mais compacta que papel, com custo de armazenamento muito inferior ao deste. Geralmente, um ano de um peri\u00F3dico gasta 10% do espa\u00E7o e 3% da altura do armazenamento equivalente em papel. Segundo, o custo \u00E9 menor do que o de uma assinatura normal. Muitos servi\u00E7os de microfilme conseguem um desconto de volume nos direitos de reprodu\u00E7\u00E3o e tem custos menores para o processo quando comparado com papel impresso. Terceiro, \u00E9 uma forma de armazenamento est\u00E1vel. A maioria das bibliotecas de microfilme usam poli\u00E9ster com tinta baseada em sais de prata sobre um gel endurecido, com um vida \u00FAtil estimada de 500 anos sob ar condicionado. Nos tr\u00F3picos, sistemas com superf\u00EDcie de ep\u00F3xi ou poli\u00E9ster com vidas \u00FAteis menores (20 anos) s\u00E3o preferidos. Quarto, j\u00E1 que \u00E9 um meio an\u00E1logo (um imagem real dos dados originais), \u00E9 muito f\u00E1cil de ser usado. Ao contr\u00E1rio de m\u00EDdia digital, o formato de dados \u00E9 instantaneamente compreens\u00EDvel para pessoas que entendam a linguagem usada no mesmo; o \u00FAnico equipamento necess\u00E1rio \u00E9 uma lupa. Isso reduz a possibilidade de obsolesc\u00EAncia. Sistemas que montam imagens de microfilme em cart\u00E3o perfurado s\u00E3o usados extensivamente para o armazenamento de informa\u00E7\u00F5es em engenharia. Por exemplo, quando linhas a\u00E9reas demandam o arquivamento de desenhos para suportar equipamento comprado (caso o fornecedor deixe o mercado), elas normalmente especificam microfilmes montados em cart\u00E3o perfurado com um sistema padr\u00E3o de indexa\u00E7\u00E3o usad pela ind\u00FAstria. Isso permite reprodu\u00E7\u00E3o automatizada, e tamb\u00E9m que equipamento mec\u00E2nico de ordena\u00E7\u00E3o escolha automaticamente desenhos necess\u00E1rios. O microfilme montado Hollerith ocupa cerca de 3% do espa\u00E7o e tamanho dos desenhos convencionais em papel ou velo. Alguns contratos militares em cerca de 1980 come\u00E7aram a especificar armazenamento digital de informa\u00E7\u00F5es de engenharia e manuten\u00E7\u00E3o porque os gastos com estes eram ainda menores que os com microfilme, mas esses programas est\u00E3o enfrentando dificuldade agora de comprar novos leitores para os formatos antigos. A principal desvantagem do microfilme \u00E9 que a imagem \u00E9 pequena demais para se ler a olho n\u00FA. Bibliotecas usam leitores especiais que projetam imagens maiores em telas de vidro horizontais. Outra desvantagem \u00E9 que uma fotocopiadora convencional n\u00E3o consegue reproduzir as imagens. Bibliotecas usando microfilme geralmente possuem alguns leitores que podem produzir uma fotoc\u00F3pia da imagem por uma taxa. A desvantagem final do microfilme contra m\u00EDdias digitais \u00E9 que esse perde qualidade durante a c\u00F3pia, por se tratar de processo anal\u00F3gico, assim como ocorre com fotoc\u00F3pias de papel. Sucessivas c\u00F3p\u00EDas de c\u00F3pias podem tornar o resultado final inutiliz\u00E1vel. O mesmo processo n\u00E3o ocorre com m\u00EDdias digitais (CD, DVD, etc) onde cada c\u00F3pia \u00E9 id\u00EAntica \u00E0 original. The Library of Congress Photoduplication Service The Northeast Document Conservation Center"@pt , "Mikrofilm - specjalny rodzaj materia\u0142u fotograficznego produkowany z regu\u0142y jako b\u0142ona zwojowa o szerokosci 8, 16, 35, 70 i 105 mm, na kt\u00F3rym mo\u017Cna rejestrowa\u0107 kontrastowe (pozbawione p\u00F3\u0142ton\u00F3w) dokumenty o charakterze kreskowym, jak: rysunki, druki tekstowe, schematy, plany itp. w pomniejszeniu do 200:1. Stosuje si\u0119 r\u00F3wnie\u017C tzw. mikrofiszki. S\u0105 to b\u0142ony p\u0142askie, na kt\u00F3rych uj\u0119cia s\u0105 rejestrowane r\u00F3wnolegle w wielu rz\u0119dach. Mikrofilmy maj\u0105 z regu\u0142y bardzo drobne ziarno materia\u0142u \u015Bwiat\u0142oczu\u0142ego, co gwarantuje ich wysok\u0105 rozdzielczo\u015B\u0107 i kontrastowo\u015B\u0107. Jednak efektem tego jest ich niska czu\u0142o\u015B\u0107 filmu. Mikrofilmy s\u0142u\u017C\u0105 do archiwizacji du\u017Cej liczby dokument\u00F3w, udost\u0119pniania kopii cennych orygina\u0142\u00F3w, oraz wygodnego przegl\u0105dania dokument\u00F3w, kt\u00F3re w oryginalnej postaci s\u0105 wielkimi arkuszami. Powszechnie wykorzystywane s\u0105 m. in. w du\u017Cych bibliotekach."@pl , "Mikrofilm, foto\u011Fraflar\u0131, planlar\u0131, matbu yaz\u0131lar\u0131, yaz\u0131 par\u00E7alar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131salt\u0131lm\u0131\u015F halde depolamak, muhafaza etmek veya ne\u015Fretmek i\u00E7in kullan\u0131lan foto\u011Fraf filmi. Bir bilginin orijinal kayna\u011F\u0131, mesela bir gazete, istenilen ebadda (16 mm, 35 mm, 70 mm, 105 mm) foto\u011Fraf\u0131 \u00E7ekilerek saklanabilir. K\u0131salt\u0131lm\u0131\u015F halde muhafaza edildi\u011Finden bilgiler daha k\u00FC\u00E7\u00FCk yerde, daha y\u00FCksek miktarda muhafaza edilebilir. Mesela, k\u0131sa bir film \u015Feridine bir kitab\u0131n filmi \u00E7ekilip saklanabilir. B\u00F6ylece film, kitab\u0131n kaplad\u0131\u011F\u0131 yerden \u00E7ok daha az yer kaplam\u0131\u015F olur. Mikrofilm bilgi i\u015Flem dairelerinde \u00E7ok rahat kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Her mikrofilm kayd\u0131, okuma cihaz\u0131 ile hemen okunabilir veya ne\u015Fredilmek \u00FCzere i\u015Flem yap\u0131labilir. Mikrofilmin ne\u015Friyatta ehemmiyeti b\u00FCy\u00FCkt\u00FCr. Mesela, bir bilgisayardan \u00E7\u0131kan malumat\u0131n mikrofilmi \u00E7ekilerek \u00E7ok say\u0131da, ucuz ve seri bir \u015Fekilde \u00E7o\u011Falt\u0131labilir. Yoksa mikrofilmi \u00E7ekilmeseydi o kadar yaz\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 ebadda \u00E7o\u011Falt\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00E7ok zor olurdu."@tr , "\u041C\u0438\u043A\u0440\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0301\u043B\u044C\u043C \u2014 \u0434\u043E\u043A\u0443\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442 \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u043C\u0438\u043A\u0440\u043E\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u044B \u043D\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u043B\u043E\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u043B\u0451\u043D\u043A\u0435 \u0441 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043F\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u043A\u0430\u0434\u0440\u043E\u0432 \u0432 \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u044F\u0434\u0430. \u2014 \u0424\u043E\u0442\u043E\u043A\u043E\u043F\u0438\u044F \u0434\u043E\u043A\u0443\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u043E\u0432, \u0440\u0443\u043A\u043E\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439, \u043A\u043D\u0438\u0433 \u0438 \u0442. \u043F. , \u0432\u044B\u043F\u043E\u043B\u043D\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0441 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0443\u043C\u0435\u043D\u044C\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u043D\u0430 \u0444\u043E\u0442\u043E- \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043A\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043A\u0435."@ru , "Mikrofilmaus eli Com-tulostus kattaa yrityksen arkistointitarpeet jopa 50 vuoden s\u00E4ilyvyydell\u00E4. Mikrofilmi on luotettava ja turvallinen tallennusv\u00E4line, joka varmistaa sen, ett\u00E4 kaikki tarvittava tieto l\u00F6ytyy viel\u00E4 monien vuosienkin kuluttua. Mikrofilmi\u00E4 tuotetaan kulloinkin k\u00E4yt\u00F6ss\u00E4 olevalla teknologialla (ennen mikrokuvauskamera, nyt mikrofilmitulostus) kulloinkin k\u00E4yt\u00F6ss\u00E4 olevista j\u00E4rjestelmist\u00E4 ja tiedostomuodoista. Tuotettu mikrofilmi kehitet\u00E4\u00E4n (kuten tavallinen filmi) ja varastoidaan. Kun tulee tarve tarkastella filmille tallennettuja tietoja voidaan vaikka kynttil\u00E4\u00E4 ja suurennuslasia k\u00E4ytt\u00E4en valaista filmi\u00E4 ja suurentaa tallennettu kuva siten, ett\u00E4 sit\u00E4 voidaan tarkastella. K\u00E4yt\u00E4nn\u00F6ss\u00E4 otetaan hakuhetkell\u00E4 k\u00E4yt\u00F6ss\u00E4 oleva teknologia k\u00E4ytt\u00F6\u00F6n eli t\u00E4ll\u00E4 hetkell\u00E4 joko valon, peilien ja linssien avulla suurennetaan kuva filmilt\u00E4 analogiselle n\u00E4yt\u00F6lle, josta se voidaan tulostaa paperille tai k\u00E4ytet\u00E4\u00E4n digitaalista mikrofilmiskanneria, joka digitoi filmill\u00E4 olevan kuvan ja tallentaa sen haluttuun tiedostomuotoon haluttuun k\u00E4ytt\u00F6ymp\u00E4rist\u00F6\u00F6n. Mikrofilmi on t\u00E4ten sen tuottamisen j\u00E4lkeen t\u00E4ysin j\u00E4rjestelm\u00E4riippumaton tallennus- ja arkistointimedia, jota k\u00E4ytet\u00E4\u00E4n kunkin aikakauden laitteilla ja menetelmill\u00E4. Mikrofilmi on nykyisin k\u00E4yt\u00F6ss\u00E4 olevista medioista paperin ohella ainoa joka todistettavasti s\u00E4ilyy yli 100 vuotta. ANSI/ISO-standardien mukaisesti valmistetulle hopeagelatiinimikrofilmille on, kun se on Talle ry:n Laatupiirin asettamien vaatimusten mukaisesti kehitetty, my\u00F6nnetty arkistokelpoisuus siten ett\u00E4 julkishallinnon pysyv\u00E4sti s\u00E4ilytett\u00E4v\u00E4t asiakirjat voidaan siirt\u00E4\u00E4 mikrofilmille pitk\u00E4aikais- ja pysyv\u00E4\u00E4n s\u00E4ilytykseen. Entisaikojen mikrokuvauskameralla tapahtuneesta mikrofilmien tuottamisesta on siirrytty asiakirjojen tallennukseen mikrofilmille suoraan s\u00E4hk\u00F6isest\u00E4 (digitaalisesta) muodosta. Paperiasiakirjat digitoidaan skannerilla, jonka j\u00E4lkeen ne voidaan tulostaa mikrofilmille. Digitaaliset asiakirjat muunnetaan tarvittaessa TIFF-kuviksi, jonka j\u00E4lkeen ne voidaan tulostaa mikrofilmille. T\u00E4ss\u00E4 ero \"perinteiseen\" COM-tulostukseen (\"Computer Output on Microfilm -fiche), joka tyypillisesti pystyi k\u00E4ytt\u00E4m\u00E4\u00E4n ainoastaan ASCII-muotoista dataa. Nyt voidaan tulostaa mikrofilmille my\u00F6s grafiikkaa, tosin asiakirjojen tallennukseen tarkoitetut mikrofilmitulostimet ja niiden k\u00E4ytt\u00E4m\u00E4 mikrofilmi ei tuota hyv\u00E4laatuista kuvaa, koska kuvamuoto on \"bitonal\" eli mustavalkoinen. Viime aikoina (kev\u00E4t 2006) on Suomeen ryhdytty tuomaan my\u00F6s harmaas\u00E4vymikrofilmi\u00E4 sek\u00E4 v\u00E4rimikrofilmi\u00E4 tuottavia mikrofilmitulostimia, n\u00E4m\u00E4 laitteet k\u00E4ytt\u00E4v\u00E4t p\u00E4\u00E4s\u00E4\u00E4nt\u00F6isesti 35 mm:n rullamikrofilmi\u00E4, kun aiemmin mainittu mustavalkofilmi\u00E4 tuottava laite k\u00E4ytt\u00E4\u00E4 16 mm:n mikrofilmi\u00E4."@fi , "\u5FAE\u7E2E\u81A0\u7247\uFF0C\u662F\u6578\u78BC\u76F8\u6A5F\u6642\u4EE3\u4E4B\u524D\u7684\u7576\u4EE3\u79D1\u6280\u7522\u7269\uFF0C\u4EBA\u985E\u5229\u7528\u81A0\u5377\u651D\u5F71\u6280\u8853\uFF0C\u7531\u51FA\u7248\u7269\u8907\u88FD\u5982\u4E66\u7C4D\u3001\u5831\u7D19\u3001\u96DC\u8A8C\u4E0A\u7684\u6587\u5B57\u548C\u5716\u7247\u4E4B\u7C7B\uFF0C\u6C47\u96C6\u5236\u4F5C\u4E3A\u4E00\u4E2A\u5C0F\u80F6\u7247\u3002\u8BE5\u80F6\u7247\u670916-mm\u548C35-mm\u4E24\u79CD\u578B\u53F7\u3002 \u56E0\u4E3A\u4EE5\u7576\u6642\u7684\u79D1\u6280\u6975\u9650\uFF0C\u5FAE\u7F29\u80F6\u7247\u6BD4\u539F\u7269\u53EF\u4EE5\u4FDD\u5B58\u8F03\u9577\u7684\u65F6\u95F4\uFF0C\u4FBF\u4E8E\u67E5\u9605\uFF0C\u65B9\u4FBF\u5206\u7C7B\u3002\u53CA\u5728\u4EE5\u540E\u7684\u7535\u5B50\u5316\u8FC7\u7A0B\u4E2D\u5360\u6709\u7EDD\u5BF9\u7684\u4F18\u52BF\u3002\u6B64\u79CD\u65B9\u6CD5\u5927\u91CF\u7684\u5E94\u7528\u4E8E\u4EE5\u524D\u7684\u56FE\u4E66\u9986\u3001\u6863\u6848\u9986\u7B49\u673A\u6784\u4E2D\u3002"@zh , "Mikroform \u00E4r ett lagringsmedium f\u00F6r avbildningar av skrift eller bilder i f\u00F6rminskad form som endast kan l\u00E4sas med hj\u00E4lp av apparat. De vanligaste typerna av mikroform \u00E4r mikrofilm och mikrofiche. Mikroform anv\u00E4nds ofta p\u00E5 bibliotek, forskningsinstitut och rymdstationer."@sv , "Le microfilm est un support de stockage analogique reproduisant les pages de livres ou p\u00E9riodiques, des documents juridiques et des dessins techniques. Sa forme la plus courante est un rouleau de film photographique inversible noir et blanc au format 35mm. Une autre forme plus r\u00E9pandue lorsqu'il s'agit de dessins techniques, est la carte perfor\u00E9e Hollerith, qui ne comporte qu'une vue. La plupart des supports microfilm ont un syst\u00E8me d'indexation num\u00E9rique marqu\u00E9 sur le bord de chaque image, mais ces informations ne servent pas tant \u00E0 l'utilisation du microfilm lui-m\u00EAme qu'\u00E0 des syst\u00E8mes de recherche automatis\u00E9s. Le microfilm n'est pas le support de stockage analogique le plus compact. La microfiche l'est davantage. [Ren\u00E9 Dagron (inventeur du microfilm) n\u00E9 \u00E0 Beauvoir le 13 mars 1813, d\u00E9c\u00E9d\u00E9 le 13 juin 1900.]"@fr , "\u30DE\u30A4\u30AF\u30ED\u30D5\u30A3\u30EB\u30E0\uFF08Microfilm\uFF09\u306F\u4E00\u822C\u306B\u66F8\u7C4D\u3084\u65B0\u805E\u304A\u3088\u3073\u8A2D\u8A08\u56F3\u9762\u306A\u3069\u306E\u4FDD\u5B58\u306B\u4F7F\u7528\u3059\u308B\u30D5\u30A3\u30EB\u30E0\u306E\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u30ED\u30FC\u30EB\u30BF\u30A4\u30D7\u306E\u30D5\u30A3\u30EB\u30E0\u3001\u30B7\u30FC\u30C8\u30BF\u30A4\u30D7\u306E\u30D5\u30A3\u30EB\u30E0\u304C\u3042\u308B\u3002\u30ED\u30FC\u30EB\u30BF\u30A4\u30D7\u306F16mm\u306835mm\u304C\u4E00\u822C\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u307E\u305F\u3001\u30C7\u30FC\u30BF\u30AB\u30FC\u30C9\u306B\u30D5\u30A3\u30EB\u30E0\u8CBC\u308A\u4ED8\u3051\u7528\u306E\u7A74\u304C\u3042\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308B\u30BF\u30A4\u30D7\u3067\u30A2\u30D1\u30C1\u30E5\u30A2\u30AB\u30FC\u30C9(AP\u30AB\u30FC\u30C9)\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3082\u306E\u3082\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u30A2\u30D1\u30C1\u30E5\u30A2\u30AB\u30FC\u30C9\u306F\u3001\u88FD\u9020\u696D\u306E\u8A2D\u8A08\u56F3\u9762\u306E\u4FDD\u7BA1\u7BA1\u7406\u306B\u9069\u3057\u3066\u304A\u308A\u5E45\u5E83\u3044\u5206\u91CE\u3067\u4F7F\u7528\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002 \u6B74\u53F2\u7684\u306A\u6587\u732E\u306A\u3069\u91CD\u8981\u306A\u66F8\u7C4D\u30FB\u56F3\u9762\u3001\u3042\u308B\u3044\u306F\u65B0\u805E\uFF08\u7E2E\u5237\u7248\u3082\u542B\u3080\uFF09\u306E\u539F\u7248\u3092\u6C5A\u308C\u30FB\u7834\u640D\u306A\u3069\u304B\u3089\u4E88\u9632\u3059\u308B\u76EE\u7684\u3001\u307E\u305F\u8CC7\u6599\u304C\u83AB\u5927\u306B\u306A\u308A\u56F3\u66F8\u9928\u30FB\u8CC7\u6599\u9928\u3067\u306E\u95B2\u89A7\u30B3\u30FC\u30CA\u30FC\u306E\u30B9\u30DA\u30FC\u30B9\u304C\u4E0D\u8DB3\u3059\u308B\u306A\u3069\u306E\u4E8B\u614B\u306A\u3069\u3092\u8003\u616E\u306B\u5165\u308C\u3001\u7279\u6B8A\u306A\u5199\u771F\u64AE\u5F71\u6A5F\u6750\u3092\u4F7F\u3063\u3066\u539F\u7248\u306E1/5\uFF5E1/40\u306B\u7E2E\u5C0F\u3057\u3066\u305D\u308C\u3089\u3092\u713C\u304D\u5199\u3059\u3002\u305D\u3057\u3066\u305D\u308C\u3089\u3092\u56F3\u66F8\u9928\u30FB\u8CC7\u6599\u9928\u306E\u95B2\u89A7\u30B3\u30FC\u30CA\u30FC\u306B\u3042\u308B\u6295\u5F71\u6A5F\u3092\u4F7F\u3063\u3066\u95B2\u89A7\u3057\u3001\u5FC5\u8981\u306A\u5834\u5408\u306F\u539F\u7248\u3068\u540C\u3058\u30B5\u30A4\u30BA\u3067\u5370\u5237\u3092\u3059\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u3067\u304D\u308B\u3002 \u8FD1\u5E74\u306F\u30D1\u30BD\u30B3\u30F3\u3067\u95B2\u89A7\u3059\u308B\u3053\u3068\u3092\u76EE\u7684\u3068\u3057\u305FCD-ROM\u3084DVD\u306E\u7E2E\u5237\u7248\u304C\u5E02\u8CA9\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u4F8B\u3082\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja , "Il Microfilm \u00E8 un supporto analogico su pellicola che serve a conservare un documento per poi trasmetterlo, leggerlo o stamparlo. Le immagini microfilm di solito sono ridotte da 15 a 48 volte rispetto al documento originale. Le immagini microfilm possono essere in positivo o in negativo. Per la lettura e la stampa di solito sono preferite le immagini in negativo, che sono con lo sfondo scuro. I formati pi\u00F9 comuni sono due: microfilm (bobina) e microfiche (pellicola piana)."@it , "Mikroform ist der Oberbegriff f\u00FCr auf Filmmaterial verkleinerte analoge Abbildungen von gedruckten Vorlagen sowie direkt auf das Medium geschriebener digitaler Informationen wie auf einen Drucker (Computer Output on Microfilm). Die wichtigsten Mikroformen sind Mikroplanfilm (Mikrofiche) und Mikrofilm auf Spulen oder in Kassetten (Rollfilm). Am verbreitetsten ist Mikroplanfilm, Format 105 mm \u00D7 148 mm (DIN A 6), 16-mm- und 35-mm-Mikrofilme auf Spulen. Eine Sonderform stellt die Filmkarte dar, eine Lochkarte, in der auf der linken oder rechten Seite ein Fenster ausgestanzt ist, in das ein 35-mm-Mikrofilmbild eingeklebt ist."@de ; rdfs:comment "Mikroform \u00E4r ett lagringsmedium f\u00F6r avbildningar av skrift eller bilder i f\u00F6rminskad form som endast kan l\u00E4sas med hj\u00E4lp av apparat. De vanligaste typerna av mikroform \u00E4r mikrofilm och mikrofiche. Mikroform anv\u00E4nds ofta p\u00E5 bibliotek, forskningsinstitut och rymdstationer."@sv , "Mikroform ist der Oberbegriff f\u00FCr auf Filmmaterial verkleinerte analoge Abbildungen von gedruckten Vorlagen sowie direkt auf das Medium geschriebener digitaler Informationen wie auf einen Drucker (Computer Output on Microfilm). Die wichtigsten Mikroformen sind Mikroplanfilm (Mikrofiche) und Mikrofilm auf Spulen oder in Kassetten (Rollfilm). Am verbreitetsten ist Mikroplanfilm, Format 105 mm \u00D7 148 mm (DIN A 6), 16-mm- und 35-mm-Mikrofilme auf Spulen."@de , "\u5FAE\u7E2E\u81A0\u7247\uFF0C\u662F\u6578\u78BC\u76F8\u6A5F\u6642\u4EE3\u4E4B\u524D\u7684\u7576\u4EE3\u79D1\u6280\u7522\u7269\uFF0C\u4EBA\u985E\u5229\u7528\u81A0\u5377\u651D\u5F71\u6280\u8853\uFF0C\u7531\u51FA\u7248\u7269\u8907\u88FD\u5982\u4E66\u7C4D\u3001\u5831\u7D19\u3001\u96DC\u8A8C\u4E0A\u7684\u6587\u5B57\u548C\u5716\u7247\u4E4B\u7C7B\uFF0C\u6C47\u96C6\u5236\u4F5C\u4E3A\u4E00\u4E2A\u5C0F\u80F6\u7247\u3002\u8BE5\u80F6\u7247\u670916-mm\u548C35-mm\u4E24\u79CD\u578B\u53F7\u3002 \u56E0\u4E3A\u4EE5\u7576\u6642\u7684\u79D1\u6280\u6975\u9650\uFF0C\u5FAE\u7F29\u80F6\u7247\u6BD4\u539F\u7269\u53EF\u4EE5\u4FDD\u5B58\u8F03\u9577\u7684\u65F6\u95F4\uFF0C\u4FBF\u4E8E\u67E5\u9605\uFF0C\u65B9\u4FBF\u5206\u7C7B\u3002\u53CA\u5728\u4EE5\u540E\u7684\u7535\u5B50\u5316\u8FC7\u7A0B\u4E2D\u5360\u6709\u7EDD\u5BF9\u7684\u4F18\u52BF\u3002\u6B64\u79CD\u65B9\u6CD5\u5927\u91CF\u7684\u5E94\u7528\u4E8E\u4EE5\u524D\u7684\u56FE\u4E66\u9986\u3001\u6863\u6848\u9986\u7B49\u673A\u6784\u4E2D\u3002"@zh , "Microfilm is transparant fotografisch materiaal waarop in sterk verkleinde vorm de bladzijden van een tekst of andere informatie is afgedrukt. Het komt voor als 16 mm brede film die op spoelen gewikkeld wordt of als kaarten ter grootte van een briefkaart. Deze laatste vorm wordt microfiche genoemd. Het beeld op microfilm is vrijwel altijd negatief. Een microfiche bevat in rijen een aantal bladzijden tekst."@nl , "Il Microfilm \u00E8 un supporto analogico su pellicola che serve a conservare un documento per poi trasmetterlo, leggerlo o stamparlo. Le immagini microfilm di solito sono ridotte da 15 a 48 volte rispetto al documento originale. Le immagini microfilm possono essere in positivo o in negativo. Per la lettura e la stampa di solito sono preferite le immagini in negativo, che sono con lo sfondo scuro. I formati pi\u00F9 comuni sono due: microfilm (bobina) e microfiche (pellicola piana)."@it , "Mikrofilm - specjalny rodzaj materia\u0142u fotograficznego produkowany z regu\u0142y jako b\u0142ona zwojowa o szerokosci 8, 16, 35, 70 i 105 mm, na kt\u00F3rym mo\u017Cna rejestrowa\u0107 kontrastowe (pozbawione p\u00F3\u0142ton\u00F3w) dokumenty o charakterze kreskowym, jak: rysunki, druki tekstowe, schematy, plany itp. w pomniejszeniu do 200:1. Stosuje si\u0119 r\u00F3wnie\u017C tzw. mikrofiszki. S\u0105 to b\u0142ony p\u0142askie, na kt\u00F3rych uj\u0119cia s\u0105 rejestrowane r\u00F3wnolegle w wielu rz\u0119dach."@pl , "Microfilme \u00E9 uma m\u00EDdia anal\u00F3gica de armazenamento para livros, peri\u00F3dicos, documentos e desenhos. A sua forma mais padronizada \u00E9 um rolo de filme fotogr\u00E1fico 35mm preto e branco. Outra forma, mais comum para uso em engenharia, \u00E9 um cart\u00E3o perfurado Hollerith de exposi\u00E7\u00E3o \u00FAnica."@pt , "Le microfilm est un support de stockage analogique reproduisant les pages de livres ou p\u00E9riodiques, des documents juridiques et des dessins techniques. Sa forme la plus courante est un rouleau de film photographique inversible noir et blanc au format 35mm. Une autre forme plus r\u00E9pandue lorsqu'il s'agit de dessins techniques, est la carte perfor\u00E9e Hollerith, qui ne comporte qu'une vue."@fr , ""@ja , "Mikrofilmaus eli Com-tulostus kattaa yrityksen arkistointitarpeet jopa 50 vuoden s\u00E4ilyvyydell\u00E4. Mikrofilmi on luotettava ja turvallinen tallennusv\u00E4line, joka varmistaa sen, ett\u00E4 kaikki tarvittava tieto l\u00F6ytyy viel\u00E4 monien vuosienkin kuluttua. Mikrofilmi\u00E4 tuotetaan kulloinkin k\u00E4yt\u00F6ss\u00E4 olevalla teknologialla (ennen mikrokuvauskamera, nyt mikrofilmitulostus) kulloinkin k\u00E4yt\u00F6ss\u00E4 olevista j\u00E4rjestelmist\u00E4 ja tiedostomuodoista."@fi , "\u041C\u0438\u043A\u0440\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0301\u043B\u044C\u043C \u2014 \u0434\u043E\u043A\u0443\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442 \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u043C\u0438\u043A\u0440\u043E\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u044B \u043D\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u043B\u043E\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u043F\u043B\u0451\u043D\u043A\u0435 \u0441 \u043F\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043F\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u043A\u0430\u0434\u0440\u043E\u0432 \u0432 \u043E\u0434\u0438\u043D \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u044F\u0434\u0430. \u2014 \u0424\u043E\u0442\u043E\u043A\u043E\u043F\u0438\u044F \u0434\u043E\u043A\u0443\u043C\u0435\u043D\u0442\u043E\u0432, \u0440\u0443\u043A\u043E\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439, \u043A\u043D\u0438\u0433 \u0438 \u0442. \u043F. , \u0432\u044B\u043F\u043E\u043B\u043D\u0435\u043D\u043D\u0430\u044F \u0441 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u043C \u0443\u043C\u0435\u043D\u044C\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u043D\u0430 \u0444\u043E\u0442\u043E- \u0438\u043B\u0438 \u043A\u0438\u043D\u043E\u043F\u043B\u0435\u043D\u043A\u0435."@ru , "Microforms are any form, either films or paper, containing microreproductions of documents for transmission, storage, reading, and printing. Microform images are commonly reduced about 25 times from the original document size. For special purposes, greater optical reductions may be used. All microform images may be provided as positives or negatives, more often the latter. Three formats are common: microfilm (reels), aperture cards and microfiche (flat sheets)."@en , "Mikrofilm, foto\u011Fraflar\u0131, planlar\u0131, matbu yaz\u0131lar\u0131, yaz\u0131 par\u00E7alar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131salt\u0131lm\u0131\u015F halde depolamak, muhafaza etmek veya ne\u015Fretmek i\u00E7in kullan\u0131lan foto\u011Fraf filmi. Bir bilginin orijinal kayna\u011F\u0131, mesela bir gazete, istenilen ebadda (16 mm, 35 mm, 70 mm, 105 mm) foto\u011Fraf\u0131 \u00E7ekilerek saklanabilir. K\u0131salt\u0131lm\u0131\u015F halde muhafaza edildi\u011Finden bilgiler daha k\u00FC\u00E7\u00FCk yerde, daha y\u00FCksek miktarda muhafaza edilebilir."@tr . @prefix skos: . @prefix ns11: . dbpedia:Microform skos:subject ns11:Canadian_inventions , ns11:Archival_science , ns11:Film_formats , ns11:Historical_documents , ns11:Documents , ns11:Storage_media . @prefix ns12: . dbpedia:Microform dbpprop:hasPhotoCollection ns12:Microform . dbpedia:Ateneo_Professional_Schools_Library dbpprop:itemsCollected dbpedia:Microform . dbpprop:itemsCollected dbpedia:Microform ; dbpprop:disambiguates dbpedia:Microform . dbpedia:UST_Miguel_de_Benavidez_Library dbpprop:itemsCollected dbpedia:Microform . dbpedia:British_Library_of_Political_and_Economic_Science dbpprop:itemsCollected dbpedia:Microform . dbpedia:National_Library_of_the_Philippines dbpprop:itemsCollected dbpedia:Microform . dbpedia:National_Library_of_Albania dbpprop:itemsCollected dbpedia:Microform . dbpedia:Microcard dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Microform . dbpedia:Microfiche dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Microform . dbpedia:Microfilm dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Microform . dbpedia:Microfilms dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Microform . dbpedia:Microfish dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Microform . dbpedia:Micrographics dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Microform . dbpedia:Ultrafiche dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Microform . @prefix yago: . yago:Microform owl:sameAs dbpedia:Microform .