@prefix dbpprop: .
@prefix dbpedia: .
dbpedia:Vilfredo_Pareto dbpprop:field dbpedia:Microeconomics .
dbpedia:Erich_Gutenberg dbpprop:field dbpedia:Microeconomics .
dbpedia:Hal_Varian dbpprop:field dbpedia:Microeconomics .
dbpedia:Susan_Athey dbpprop:field dbpedia:Microeconomics .
dbpprop:field dbpedia:Microeconomics .
dbpedia:Maitreesh_Ghatak dbpprop:field dbpedia:Microeconomics .
dbpedia:Michael_Spence dbpprop:field dbpedia:Microeconomics .
dbpprop:field dbpedia:Microeconomics .
dbpedia:Luigi_Amoroso dbpprop:field dbpedia:Microeconomics .
dbpprop:field dbpedia:Microeconomics ,
dbpedia:Microeconomics .
dbpedia:James_Heckman dbpprop:field dbpedia:Microeconomics .
@prefix rdf: .
@prefix opencyc: .
dbpedia:Microeconomics rdf:type opencyc:Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA .
@prefix owl: .
dbpedia:Microeconomics owl:sameAs .
@prefix ns5: .
dbpedia:Microeconomics owl:sameAs ns5:Mx4rwM1ZAZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA ,
opencyc:Mx4rwM1ZAZwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA .
@prefix foaf: .
@prefix ns7: .
dbpedia:Microeconomics foaf:page ns7:Microeconomics ;
dbpprop:reference ,
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@prefix rdfs: .
dbpedia:Microeconomics rdfs:label "Mikroekonomie"@cs ,
"Mikro\u00F6kon\u00F3mia"@hu ,
"Microeconomia"@it ,
"Mikroekonomia"@pl ,
"\u30DF\u30AF\u30ED\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66"@ja ,
"Microeconomics"@en ,
"Mikro\u00F6konomie"@de ,
"\u041C\u0456\u043A\u0440\u043E\u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u043A\u0430"@uk ,
"Micro\u00E9conomie"@fr ,
"Microeconom\u00EDa"@es ,
"Mikro\u00F8konomi"@no ,
"Mikroekonomi"@sv ,
"Microeconomia"@ca ,
"Micro-economie"@nl ,
"Mikrotaloustiede"@fi ,
"Microeconomia"@pt ,
"\u5FAE\u89C2\u7ECF\u6D4E\u5B66"@zh ,
"\u041C\u0438\u043A\u0440\u043E\u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u043A\u0430"@ru ,
"Mikroekonomi"@tr ,
"Microeconomie"@ro .
@prefix dbpedia-owl: .
dbpedia:Microeconomics dbpedia-owl:thumbnail ;
dbpprop:abstract "De micro-economie is een onderdeel van de economische wetenschap die het economisch gedrag van afzonderlijke gezinnen en bedrijven bestudeert. In deze tak van de economie staan vraag en aanbod centraal. Vraag en aanbod komen samen op de markt waar via het prijsmechanisme een prijs tot stand komt. Prijzen be\u00EFnvloeden de gedragingen van personen. De micro-economie tracht te verklaren in welke mate de prijs het aan- en verkoopgedrag be\u00EFnvloedt. Hiervoor zijn elasticiteiten erg belangrijk. Een voorbeeld van een elasticiteit is de prijselasticiteit van de vraag. Dit is een getal dat aangeeft in welke mate de gevraagde hoeveelheid van een goed verandert als gevolg van een verandering van de prijs van dat goed. Bijvoorbeeld: als de prijs van iPods met 1% stijgt met hoeveel procent zal dan de gevraagde hoeveelheid van iPods dalen? De daling kan aan de hand van elasticiteiten berekend worden. Gegevens van de micro-economie worden vooral door het CBS (Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek) bijgehouden. Zij houdt bijvoorbeeld bij hoeveel een gezin per maand kwijt is aan de dagelijkse boodschappen."@nl ,
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"\u30DF\u30AF\u30ED\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\uFF08\u30DF\u30AF\u30ED\u3051\u3044\u3056\u3044\u304C\u304F\u3001\u82F1: Microeconomics\uFF09\u306F\u3001\u30DE\u30AF\u30ED\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u306B\u4E26\u3076\u8FD1\u4EE3\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u306E\u4E3B\u8981\u306A\u4E00\u5206\u91CE\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u7D4C\u6E08\u4E3B\u4F53\u306E\u6700\u5C0F\u5358\u4F4D\u3068\u5B9A\u7FA9\u3059\u308B\u5BB6\u8A08\uFF08\u6D88\u8CBB\u8005\uFF09\u3001\u4F01\u696D\uFF08\u751F\u7523\u8005\uFF09\u3001\u305D\u308C\u3089\u304C\u7D4C\u6E08\u7684\u306A\u53D6\u5F15\u3092\u884C\u3046\u5E02\u5834\u3092\u305D\u306E\u5206\u6790\u5BFE\u8C61\u3068\u3057\u3001\u4E16\u306E\u4E2D\u306B\u5B58\u5728\u3059\u308B\u5E0C\u5C11\u306A\u8CC7\u6E90\u306E\u914D\u5206\u306B\u3064\u3044\u3066\u7814\u7A76\u3059\u308B\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u306E\u7814\u7A76\u9818\u57DF\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001\u6700\u5C0F\u5358\u4F4D\u306E\u7D4C\u6E08\u4E3B\u4F53\u306E\u884C\u52D5\u3092\u6271\u3046\u305F\u3081\u30DF\u30AF\u30ED\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u3002 \u3053\u308C\u3068\u306F\u5225\u306B\u500B\u5225\u306E\u7D4C\u6E08\u6D3B\u52D5\u3092\u96C6\u8A08\u3057\u305F\u30DE\u30AF\u30ED\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9818\u57DF\u3082\u3042\u308A\u3001\u30DF\u30AF\u30ED\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u3068\u4F75\u305B\u3066\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u306E\u4E8C\u5927\u7406\u8AD6\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u308F\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u30DF\u30AF\u30ED\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u306E\u5FDC\u7528\u5206\u91CE\u3068\u3044\u3048\u308B\u8CA1\u653F\u5B66\u3001\u91D1\u878D\u8AD6\u3001\u516C\u5171\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u3001\u56FD\u969B\u7D4C\u6E08\u5B66\u3001\u7523\u696D\u7D44\u7E54\u8AD6\u306A\u3069\u306B\u5BFE\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5206\u6790\u306E\u57FA\u790E\u7406\u8AD6\u3092\u63D0\u4F9B\u3059\u308B\u5F79\u5272\u3092\u3082\u679C\u305F\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002"@ja ,
"Ekonomi Dosya:GDP nominal per capita world map IMF 2008. png B\u00F6lgelere g\u00F6re ekonomi Afrika \u00B7 Kuzey Amerika G\u00FCney Amerika \u00B7Asya Avrupa \u00B7Okyanusya Ana hatlar Genel s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma Mikroekonomi \u00B7 Makroekonomi Ekonomik d\u00FC\u015F\u00FCnce tarihi Metodoloji \u00B7 Heterodox Teknikler Matematiksel \u00B7 Ekonometri Deneysel \u00B7 Ulusal Hesaplama Dallar\u0131 ve alt dallar\u0131 Davran\u0131\u015Fsal \u00B7 K\u00FClt\u00FCrel \u00B7 \u00C7evresel B\u00FCy\u00FCme \u00B7 Geli\u015Fme \u00B7 Tarih Uluslararas\u0131 \u00B7 Ekonomik sistemler Monetarizm ve Finansal ekonomi Kamu ve Refah ekonomisi Sa\u011Fl\u0131k \u00B7 \u00C7al\u0131\u015Fma \u00B7 Y\u00F6netimsel \u0130\u015Fletme \u00B7Bilgi \u00B7Oyun kuram\u0131 End\u00FCstriyel Organizasyon \u00B7 Hukuk Tar\u0131m \u00B7 Do\u011Fal kaynak \u00B7 Ekolojik Kent \u00B7 K\u0131rsal \u00B7 B\u00F6lgesel Ekonomik co\u011Frafya Listeler Kitaplar Kategoriler \u00B7 Ba\u015Fl\u0131klar \u00B7 Ekonomistler Ekonomi \u0130deolojileri Anar\u015Fizm \u00B7 Kapitalizm Kom\u00FCnizm \u00B7Korporatizm Fascism \u00B7Georgism Islamic \u00B7Laissez-faire Market socialism \u00B7Merkantalizm Protectionism \u00B7 Sosyalizm Sendikac\u0131l\u0131k \u00B7Third Way Ekonomi:Kavram ve Tarihi Bu kutu: g\u00F6r \u2022 tart\u0131\u015Fma \u2022 de\u011Fi\u015Ftir Mikroekonomi, ekonomiyi t\u00FCketiciler, firmalar ve end\u00FCstriler d\u00FCzeyinde inceleyen disiplindir. Yunanca mikros kelimesinden t\u00FCretilen mikro iktisatta, iktisadi mesele ile etkinlik \u00FCzerinde durulur; ne \u00FCretilecek, nas\u0131l \u00FCretilecek, kimler i\u00E7in \u00FCretilecek, da\u011F\u0131l\u0131mda-\u00FCretimde-b\u00F6l\u00FC\u015F\u00FCmde etkinlik var m\u0131 sorular\u0131 incelenir; Asl\u0131nda gerek mikro iktisatta gerek makro iktisatta bir ekonomideki karar birimlerinin, t\u00FCketicilerin ve firmalar\u0131n, nas\u0131l karar ald\u0131klar\u0131 ve piyasada birbirlerini nas\u0131l etkiledikleri analiz edilir. F\u0131rsat maliyeti, arz ve talep, elastikiyet gibi konular\u0131 inceler. Genelde bireyin ve firman\u0131n davran\u0131\u015Flar\u0131ni incelemekle beraber ayn\u0131 zamanda da sa\u011Flam bir Makro \u0130ktisadi analizin yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n da temelini olu\u015Fturur. Birey ekonomik bir karar verirken nas\u0131l davran\u0131r? Sorusuna cevapla ba\u015Flar ama bu cevap san\u0131ld\u0131\u011F\u0131 kadar kolay de\u011Fildir. Karar vericilerin rasyonel davrand\u0131klar\u0131 ve Rasyonel bireylerin en do\u011Fru karar\u0131 verece\u011Fini s\u00F6ylese de bu karar verme s\u00FCrecinin incelemesi olan mikroekonomi biliminin san\u0131ld\u0131\u011F\u0131 kadar kolay olmad\u0131\u011F\u0131 bilinen bir ger\u00E7ektir. Giri\u015Fimci karar verirken kendi \u00E7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00F6z \u00F6n\u00FCnde bulundurur. Bu y\u00FCzden genel olarak iktisat bilimi hep varsay\u0131mlar \u00FCzerine kuruludur. Mikro ekonomi ayn\u0131 zamanda kaynaklar\u0131n rasyonel kullan\u0131m\u0131 ile de ilgilidir. Fiyat teorisiyle ilgilenir."@tr ,
"A mikro\u00F6kon\u00F3mia a modern k\u00F6zgazdas\u00E1gtan egyik \u00E1ga, amely a piacok m\u0171k\u00F6d\u00E9s\u00E9t, a fogyaszt\u00E1si javak \u00E9s a termel\u00E9si t\u00E9nyez\u0151k kereslet\u00E9nek, k\u00EDn\u00E1lat\u00E1nak, \u00E1r\u00E1nak alakul\u00E1s\u00E1t meghat\u00E1roz\u00F3 felt\u00E9teleket vizsg\u00E1lja. A fogyaszt\u00F3kkal \u00E9s termel\u0151kkel, mint piaci szerepl\u0151kkel foglalkozik, akik \u2013 feltev\u00E9se szerint \u2013 haszonmaximaliz\u00E1l\u00F3 \u00E9s k\u00F6lts\u00E9gminimaliz\u00E1l\u00F3, valamint az ehhez tartoz\u00F3 kock\u00E1zatot m\u00E9rlegel\u0151 d\u00F6nt\u00E9shoz\u00F3k."@hu ,
"\u5FAE\u89C2\u7ECF\u6D4E\u5B66\uFF08Microeconomics\uFF09\uFF0C\u6709\u65F6\u4E5F\u88AB\u79F0\u4E3A\u4EF7\u683C\u7406\u8BBA\uFF08Price Theory\uFF09\uFF0C\u4E3B\u8981\u7814\u7A76\u4E2A\u4F53\u6D88\u8D39\u8005\uFF0C\u4F01\u4E1A\uFF0C\u6216\u8005\u4EA7\u4E1A\u7684\u7ECF\u6D4E\u884C\u4E3A\uFF0C\u53CA\u5176\u751F\u4EA7\u548C\u6536\u5165\u5206\u914D\u3002"@zh ,
"La microeconom\u00EDa es una parte de la econom\u00EDa que estudia el comportamiento econ\u00F3mico de agentes individuales, como son los consumidores, las empresas, los trabajadores e inversores; as\u00ED como de los mercados. Considera las decisiones que toma cada uno para cumplir ciertos objetivos propios. Los elementos b\u00E1sicos en los que se centra el an\u00E1lisis microecon\u00F3mico son los bienes, los precios, los mercados y los agentes econ\u00F3micos. La gran mayor\u00EDa de los modelos que se exponen en el presente art\u00EDculo tienen como base la existencia de un marco econ\u00F3mico y social de econom\u00EDa descentralizada, en el que existe propiedad privada. La microeconom\u00EDa tiene varias ramas de desarrollo, las m\u00E1s importantes son: la teor\u00EDa del consumidor, la de la demanda, la del productor, la del equilibrio general, y la de los mercados de activos financieros. No pueden considerarse enteramente separadas porque los resultados de unos aspectos influyen sobre los otros. Por ejemplo, las empresas no s\u00F3lo ofertan bienes y servicios, sino que tambi\u00E9n demandan bienes y servicios para poder producir los suyos. La Microeconom\u00EDa propone modelos matem\u00E1ticos que desarrollan los supuestos sobre el comportamiento de los agentes econ\u00F3micos, las conclusiones a la que se llegue usando esos modelos solo ser\u00E1 v\u00E1lida, en tanto en cuanto, se cumplan los supuestos, cosa que no ocurre siempre, especialmente si se trata de supuestos muy fuertes o restrictivos. Una de las incorporaciones m\u00E1s importantes al estudio de la microeconom\u00EDa es la llamada teor\u00EDa de juegos. La teor\u00EDa de juegos es una teor\u00EDa matem\u00E1tica que estudia el comportamiento de varios agentes cuando las decisiones tomadas por cada uno influyen en qu\u00E9 medida cada uno logra los objetivos que desea. Se usa, por ejemplo, en la teor\u00EDa de la producci\u00F3n industrial, para estudiar los casos de oligopolio y de competencia imperfecta."@es ,
"Mikroekonomia jest dziedzin\u0105 ekonomii zajmuj\u0105c\u0105 si\u0119 badaniem zachowania indywidualnych konsument\u00F3w, przedsi\u0119biorstw i rynk\u00F3w. Jest to nauka zajmuj\u0105ca si\u0119 szczeg\u00F3\u0142ow\u0105 analiz\u0105 podejmowanych przez jednostki decyzji dotycz\u0105cych zakupu i sprzeda\u017Cy towar\u00F3w. W badaniach mikroekonomicznych gospodark\u0119 danego kraju b\u0105d\u017A regionu traktuje si\u0119 jako zbi\u00F3r podmiot\u00F3w, nie za\u015B jako jeden organizm (jak w makroekonomii). W silnym obecnie nurcie ekonomii neoklasycznej spotykamy prawie wy\u0142\u0105cznie matematyczne (statystyczne, analityczne) modele zachowa\u0144 zbior\u00F3w podmiot\u00F3w, np. konsument\u00F3w, przedsi\u0119biorstw, instytucji publicznych itd. Do podstawowych zagadnie\u0144 mikroekonomii nale\u017C\u0105: teoria wyboru konsumenta teoria post\u0119powania producenta konkurencja doskona\u0142a konkurencja niedoskona\u0142a konkurencja monopolistyczna monopol oligopol ryzyko i niepewno\u015B\u0107 w dzia\u0142aniach gospodarczych rynki czynnik\u00F3w produkcji r\u00F3wnowaga og\u00F3lna i dobrobyt rola rz\u0105du"@pl ,
"Mikro\u00F8konomi er studiet av enkeltkonsumenters og enkeltbedrifters \u00F8konomiske beslutninger og hvordan disse oppf\u00F8rer seg n\u00E5r de m\u00F8tes p\u00E5 et marked. Mikro\u00F8konomi deles gjerne opp i tre bolker; konsumentteori, produksjonsteori og markedsteori. Mikro\u00F8konomien som vi kjenner den i dag stammer fra nyklassisk \u00F8konomisk tenkning."@no ,
"A Microeconomia \u00E9 definida como um problema de aloca\u00E7\u00E3o de recursos escassos em rela\u00E7\u00E3o a uma s\u00E9rie possivel de fins. Os desdobramentos l\u00F3gicos desse problema levam ao estudo do comportamento econ\u00F4mico individual de consumidores, e firmas bem como a distribui\u00E7\u00E3o da produ\u00E7\u00E3o e rendimento entre eles. A Microeconomia \u00E9 considerada a base da moderna teoria econ\u00F4mica, estudando suas rela\u00E7\u00F5es fundamentais. As fam\u00EDlias s\u00E3o consideradas fornecedores de trabalho e capital, e demandantes de bens de consumo. As firmas s\u00E3o consideradas demandantes de trabalho e fatores de produ\u00E7\u00E3o e fornecedoras de produtos. Os consumidores maximizam a utilidade a partir de um or\u00E7amento determinado. As firmas maximizam lucro a partir de custos e receitas poss\u00EDveis. A microeconomia procura analisar o mercado e outros tipos de mecanismos que estabelecem pre\u00E7os relativos entre os produtos e servi\u00E7os, alocando de modos alternativos os recursos dos quais disp\u00F5e determinados indiv\u00EDduos organizados numa sociedade. A microeconomia preocupa-se em explicar como \u00E9 gerado o pre\u00E7o dos produtos finais e dos fatores de produ\u00E7\u00E3o num equil\u00EDbrio, geralmente perfeitamente competitivo. Divide-se em: Teoria do Consumidor: Estuda as prefer\u00EAncias do consumidor analisando o seu comportamento, as suas escolhas, as restri\u00E7\u00F5es quanto a valores e a demanda de mercado. A partir dessa teoria se determina a curva de demanda. Teoria da Firma: Estuda a estrutura econ\u00F4mica de organiza\u00E7\u00F5es cujo objetivo \u00E9 maximizar lucros. Organiza\u00E7\u00F5es que para isso compram fatores de produ\u00E7\u00E3o e vendem o produto desses fatores de produ\u00E7\u00E3o para os consumidores. Estuda estruturas de mercado tanto competitivas quanto monopolisticas. A partir dessa teoria se determina a curva de oferta. Teoria da Produ\u00E7\u00E3o: Estuda o processo de transforma\u00E7\u00E3o de fatores adquiridos pela empresa em produtos finais para a venda no mercado. Estuda as rela\u00E7\u00F5es entre as varia\u00E7\u00F5es dos fatores de produ\u00E7\u00E3o e suas conseq\u00FC\u00EAncia no produto final. Determina as curvas de custo, que s\u00E3o utilizadas pelas firmas para determinar o volume \u00F3timo de oferta. A Microeconomia explica tamb\u00E9m as pr\u00E1ticas de mercado, sendo estas dividivas em: Monop\u00F3lio, Oligop\u00F3lio, Concorr\u00EAncia Perfeita e Concorr\u00EAncia Monopol\u00EDstica. Macroeconomia"@pt ,
"Mikroekonomie je obor ekonomick\u00E9 teorie, kter\u00FD se zab\u00FDv\u00E1 zkoum\u00E1n\u00EDm rozhodov\u00E1n\u00ED jednotliv\u00FDch tr\u017En\u00EDch subjekt\u016F - jednotlivc\u016F, firem a st\u00E1tu. Jednotlivci popt\u00E1vaj\u00ED vytvo\u0159en\u00FD produkt ekonomiky na trhu statk\u016F a nab\u00EDzej\u00ED slu\u017Eby v\u00FDrobn\u00EDch faktor\u016F na trhu v\u00FDrobn\u00EDch faktor\u016F. Anal\u00FDza chov\u00E1n\u00ED jednotlivc\u016F je pops\u00E1na v teorii spot\u0159ebitele. Firmy naopak na z\u00E1klad\u011B popt\u00E1vky jednotlivc\u016F vytv\u00E1\u0159ej\u00ED produkt, pro jeho\u017E v\u00FDrobu z\u00EDsk\u00E1vaj\u00ED slu\u017Eby v\u00FDrobn\u00EDch faktor\u016F. St\u00E1t vytv\u00E1\u0159\u00ED normy (\u201Epravidla hry\u201C) pro fungov\u00E1n\u00ED ekonomick\u00E9ho syst\u00E9mu."@cs ,
"Mikroekonomi \u00E4r det omr\u00E5de inom nationalekonomin som i huvudsak analyserar producenters och konsumenters samverkan p\u00E5 marknader. Antaganden om akt\u00F6rerna och marknaden g\u00F6rs och utifr\u00E5n dessa dras slutsater om hur ekonomin b\u00F6r eller kommer att fungera."@sv ,
"La microeconomia, en contraposici\u00F3 amb la macroeconomia, \u00E9s la part de la teoria econ\u00F2mica que estudia el comportament econ\u00F2mic de les unitats econ\u00F2miques elementals com poden ser els consumidors i les empreses i la seves interrelacions en el mercat. Considera a les persones prove\u00EFdors de m\u00E0 d'obra i com a consumidors del producte final. Per altre banda, les empreses s\u00F3n analitzades com a prove\u00EFdors de productes i consumidors de m\u00E0 d'obra i capital. La microeconomia analitza el mercat i els mecanismes que estableixen els preus relatius dels b\u00E9ns i serveis i l'assignaci\u00F3 dels recursos limitats de la societat."@ca ,
"Microeconomia se ocup\u0103 cu studiul comportamentului economic al diferi\u0163ilor consumatori (teoria bugetar\u0103), al firmei (teoria produc\u0163iei) si problematica \u00EEmp\u0103r\u0163irii bunurilor limitate si a venitului limitat. \u00CEn cadrul microeconomiei indivizii sunt v\u0103zu\u0163i ca for\u0163\u0103 de munc\u0103, ca \u015Fi consumatori ai bunurilor produse, pe care ace\u015Ftia le consum\u0103 cu scopul de a-\u015Fi maximiza folosin\u0163a. Unit\u0103\u0163ile de produc\u0163ie utilizeaz\u0103 factorii de produc\u0163ie cum ar fi munca, capitalul, progresul \u015Ftiin\u0163ific cu scopul de a maximiza profitul."@ro ,
"La microeconomia \u00E8 quella branca della teoria economica che studia il comportamento dei singoli agenti economici, come i consumatori, i lavoratori, gli investitori, i proprietari terrieri, le imprese: individui o entit\u00E0 che giocano un qualche ruolo nel funzionamento delle nostre economie. Un altro tema importante della microeconomia riguarda il modo in cui gli agenti economici interagiscono tra di loro per formare unit\u00E0 pi\u00F9 ampie come i mercati e le industrie. Grazie allo studio del comportamento delle singole imprese e dei consumatori e della loro interazione, la microeconomia ci rivela come operano e si evolvono i settori industriali e i mercati, perch\u00E9 sono diversi l'uno dall'altro e come possono essere influenzati dalle politiche economiche e dalle condizioni economiche generali."@it ,
"\u041C\u0438\u043A\u0440\u043E\u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u0301\u043C\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u2014 \u043D\u0430\u0443\u043A\u0430, \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0430\u044F \u0444\u0443\u043D\u043A\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0442\u043E\u0432 \u0432 \u0445\u043E\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439, \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0438 \u043E\u0431\u043C\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u044F\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041C\u0438\u043A\u0440\u043E\u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u0301\u043C\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439: 1. \u041F\u0440\u043E\u0431\u043B\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044F \u2014 \u043F\u043E\u0447\u0435\u043C\u0443 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0442\u044B \u0432\u044B\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044E\u0442 \u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0440\u044B \u0431\u043B\u0430\u0433 (\u043A\u0430\u043A \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043B\u043E, \u0434\u043B\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0435\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F). 2. \u041F\u0440\u043E\u0431\u043B\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044F \u2014 \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0447\u0435\u043C\u0443 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0442\u044B-\u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u0438 \u0432\u044B\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044E\u0442 \u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0440\u044B \u0444\u0430\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0432 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044B \u0432\u044B\u043F\u0443\u0441\u043A\u0430. 3. \u041E\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043D\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0438\u0435 \u2014 \u043A\u0430\u043A \u0438 \u043F\u043E\u0447\u0435\u043C\u0443 \u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044E\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0446\u0435\u043D\u044B \u043D\u0430 \u0442\u043E\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044B \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043B\u0443\u0433\u0438, \u043A\u0430\u043A \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043E\u0431\u043C\u0435\u043D \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043B\u0438\u0447\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043F\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0436\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F\u0445; 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"Die Mikro\u00F6konomie (gr. \u03BC\u03B9\u03BA\u03C1\u03CC\u03C2 mikr\u00F3s \u201Eklein\u201C, \u03BF\u1F36\u03BA\u03BF\u03C2 o\u00EDkos \u201EHaus\u201C und -nomie), auch Mikro\u00F6konomik oder Mikrotheorie, ist ein Teilgebiet der Volkswirtschaftslehre. Ihr Gegenstand ist das wirtschaftliche Verhalten einzelner Wirtschaftssubjekte und die Allokation von knappen Ressourcen und G\u00FCtern durch den Marktmechanismus. Insbesondere die neoklassische Mikro\u00F6konomie arbeitet mit mathematischen Modellen, die sie aus der Realit\u00E4t abstrahiert. Im einfachsten Modell des Wirtschaftskreislaufs sind die Haushalte Anbieter der Produktionsfaktoren Arbeit, Kapital und Boden sowie Nachfrager der angebotenen G\u00FCter (Waren und Dienstleistungen), die sie mit dem Ziel der Nutzenmaximierung konsumieren. Die Unternehmen setzen die Produktionsfaktoren zur Produktion von G\u00FCtern ein, die sie mit dem Ziel der Gewinnmaximierung auf dem Markt anbieten."@de ,
"La micro\u00E9conomie (ou micro-\u00E9conomie) est la branche de l'\u00E9conomie qui analyse le comportement \u00E9conomique au niveau d'entit\u00E9s individuelles telles qu'un consommateur ou une entreprise. Les consommateurs sont consid\u00E9r\u00E9s comme des offreurs de travail et demandeurs de produits finis. Les firmes sont, quant \u00E0 elles, des demandeuses de travail et des offreuses de produits finis et de consommations interm\u00E9diaires."@fr ,
"Microeconomics is a branch of economics that studies how households and firms make decisions to allocate limited resources, typically in markets where goods or services are being bought and sold. Microeconomics examines how these decisions and behaviours affect the supply and demand for goods and services, which determines prices; and how prices, in turn, determine the supply and demand of goods and services. This is a contrast to macroeconomics, which involves the \"sum total of economic activity, dealing with the issues of growth, inflation and unemployment, and with national economic policies relating to these issues\". Macroeconomics also deals with the effects of government actions (such as changing taxation levels) on them. Particularly in the wake of the Lucas critique, much of modern macroeconomic theory has been built upon 'microfoundations' \u2014 i.e. based upon basic assumptions about micro-level behaviour. One of the goals of microeconomics is to analyze market mechanisms that establish relative prices amongst goods and services and allocation of limited resources amongst many alternative uses. Microeconomics analyzes market failure, where markets fail to produce efficient results, as well as describing the theoretical conditions needed for perfect competition. Significant fields of study in microeconomics include general equilibrium, markets under asymmetric information, choice under uncertainty and economic applications of game theory. Also considered is the elasticity of products within the market system."@en ,
"Mikrotaloustiede muodostaa uusklassisen taloustieteen teorian perustan. Se tutkii, miten ihmiset, kotitaloudet ja yritykset tekev\u00E4t p\u00E4\u00E4t\u00F6ksi\u00E4 ja allokoivat niukkoja resursseja. Yleens\u00E4 tarkastelun kohteena on jokin markkinoista, joilla hy\u00F6dykkeill\u00E4 k\u00E4yd\u00E4\u00E4n kauppaa. Mikrotaloustiede tarkastelee eri toimijoiden p\u00E4\u00E4t\u00F6ksien vaikutusta hy\u00F6dykkeiden kysynt\u00E4\u00E4n ja tarjontaan. Kysynt\u00E4 ja tarjonta m\u00E4\u00E4r\u00E4\u00E4v\u00E4t hy\u00F6dykkeiden hinnan, joka taas ohjaa tulevaa tuotantoa. Mikrotaloustiede tarkastelee yksitt\u00E4isten toimijoiden p\u00E4\u00E4t\u00F6ksi\u00E4 ja niiden yhteisvaikutusta. Makrotaloustiede taas tarkastelee l\u00E4ht\u00F6kohtaisesti taloudellisten toimien summaa, yleens\u00E4 valtion tasolla. Teoreettisesta n\u00E4k\u00F6kulmasta mikrotaloustieteen yhten\u00E4 p\u00E4\u00E4m\u00E4\u00E4r\u00E4n\u00E4 on analysoida markkinamekanismeja, jotka asettavat hy\u00F6dykkeiden suhteelliset hinnat ja allokoivat niukat resurssit eri k\u00E4ytt\u00F6tarkoitusten v\u00E4lill\u00E4. Mikrotaloustiede analysoi markkinah\u00E4iri\u00F6t\u00E4, kun markkinat ep\u00E4onnistuvat tuottamaan tehokkaan tuloksen. Toisaalta se tarkastelee t\u00E4ydelliselle kilpailun vaatimia teoreettisia ehtoja. Mikrotaloustieteen t\u00E4rkeit\u00E4 tutkimusalueita ovat ep\u00E4symmetrisen informaation tilanteet, valinta ep\u00E4varmuuden vallitessa ja peliteorian taloudelliset sovellukset."@fi ;
rdfs:comment "Mikrotaloustiede muodostaa uusklassisen taloustieteen teorian perustan. Se tutkii, miten ihmiset, kotitaloudet ja yritykset tekev\u00E4t p\u00E4\u00E4t\u00F6ksi\u00E4 ja allokoivat niukkoja resursseja. Yleens\u00E4 tarkastelun kohteena on jokin markkinoista, joilla hy\u00F6dykkeill\u00E4 k\u00E4yd\u00E4\u00E4n kauppaa. Mikrotaloustiede tarkastelee eri toimijoiden p\u00E4\u00E4t\u00F6ksien vaikutusta hy\u00F6dykkeiden kysynt\u00E4\u00E4n ja tarjontaan. Kysynt\u00E4 ja tarjonta m\u00E4\u00E4r\u00E4\u00E4v\u00E4t hy\u00F6dykkeiden hinnan, joka taas ohjaa tulevaa tuotantoa."@fi ,
"\u5FAE\u89C2\u7ECF\u6D4E\u5B66\uFF08Microeconomics\uFF09\uFF0C\u6709\u65F6\u4E5F\u88AB\u79F0\u4E3A\u4EF7\u683C\u7406\u8BBA\uFF08Price Theory\uFF09\uFF0C\u4E3B\u8981\u7814\u7A76\u4E2A\u4F53\u6D88\u8D39\u8005\uFF0C\u4F01\u4E1A\uFF0C\u6216\u8005\u4EA7\u4E1A\u7684\u7ECF\u6D4E\u884C\u4E3A\uFF0C\u53CA\u5176\u751F\u4EA7\u548C\u6536\u5165\u5206\u914D\u3002"@zh ,
"Die Mikro\u00F6konomie (gr. \u03BC\u03B9\u03BA\u03C1\u03CC\u03C2 mikr\u00F3s \u201Eklein\u201C, \u03BF\u1F36\u03BA\u03BF\u03C2 o\u00EDkos \u201EHaus\u201C und -nomie), auch Mikro\u00F6konomik oder Mikrotheorie, ist ein Teilgebiet der Volkswirtschaftslehre. Ihr Gegenstand ist das wirtschaftliche Verhalten einzelner Wirtschaftssubjekte und die Allokation von knappen Ressourcen und G\u00FCtern durch den Marktmechanismus. Insbesondere die neoklassische Mikro\u00F6konomie arbeitet mit mathematischen Modellen, die sie aus der Realit\u00E4t abstrahiert."@de ,
"\u041C\u0456\u043A\u0440\u043E\u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u043A\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0432\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0454\u043C\u043E\u0434\u0456\u044E \u043E\u043A\u0440\u0435\u043C\u0438\u0445 \u0435\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0443\u0431'\u0454\u043A\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0443\u0435 \u043C\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0437\u043C \u0444\u0443\u043D\u043A\u0446\u0456\u043E\u043D\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043A\u043E\u043D\u043A\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0438\u043D\u043A\u0456\u0432."@uk ,
"La microeconom\u00EDa es una parte de la econom\u00EDa que estudia el comportamiento econ\u00F3mico de agentes individuales, como son los consumidores, las empresas, los trabajadores e inversores; as\u00ED como de los mercados. Considera las decisiones que toma cada uno para cumplir ciertos objetivos propios. Los elementos b\u00E1sicos en los que se centra el an\u00E1lisis microecon\u00F3mico son los bienes, los precios, los mercados y los agentes econ\u00F3micos."@es ,
"Microeconomics is a branch of economics that studies how households and firms make decisions to allocate limited resources, typically in markets where goods or services are being bought and sold. Microeconomics examines how these decisions and behaviours affect the supply and demand for goods and services, which determines prices; and how prices, in turn, determine the supply and demand of goods and services."@en ,
"Mikroekonomia jest dziedzin\u0105 ekonomii zajmuj\u0105c\u0105 si\u0119 badaniem zachowania indywidualnych konsument\u00F3w, przedsi\u0119biorstw i rynk\u00F3w. Jest to nauka zajmuj\u0105ca si\u0119 szczeg\u00F3\u0142ow\u0105 analiz\u0105 podejmowanych przez jednostki decyzji dotycz\u0105cych zakupu i sprzeda\u017Cy towar\u00F3w. W badaniach mikroekonomicznych gospodark\u0119 danego kraju b\u0105d\u017A regionu traktuje si\u0119 jako zbi\u00F3r podmiot\u00F3w, nie za\u015B jako jeden organizm (jak w makroekonomii)."@pl ,
"Ekonomi Dosya:GDP nominal per capita world map IMF 2008."@tr ,
"Mikroekonomi \u00E4r det omr\u00E5de inom nationalekonomin som i huvudsak analyserar producenters och konsumenters samverkan p\u00E5 marknader. Antaganden om akt\u00F6rerna och marknaden g\u00F6rs och utifr\u00E5n dessa dras slutsater om hur ekonomin b\u00F6r eller kommer att fungera."@sv ,
"\u041C\u0438\u043A\u0440\u043E\u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u0301\u043C\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u2014 \u043D\u0430\u0443\u043A\u0430, \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0430\u044F \u0444\u0443\u043D\u043A\u0446\u0438\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0440\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0430\u0433\u0435\u043D\u0442\u043E\u0432 \u0432 \u0445\u043E\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u0445 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043E\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0439, \u043F\u043E\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0438 \u043E\u0431\u043C\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u044F\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041C\u0438\u043A\u0440\u043E\u044D\u043A\u043E\u043D\u043E\u0301\u043C\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435\u043C \u0441\u043B\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044E\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043E\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0432\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043D\u0430\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439: 1."@ru ,
"A mikro\u00F6kon\u00F3mia a modern k\u00F6zgazdas\u00E1gtan egyik \u00E1ga, amely a piacok m\u0171k\u00F6d\u00E9s\u00E9t, a fogyaszt\u00E1si javak \u00E9s a termel\u00E9si t\u00E9nyez\u0151k kereslet\u00E9nek, k\u00EDn\u00E1lat\u00E1nak, \u00E1r\u00E1nak alakul\u00E1s\u00E1t meghat\u00E1roz\u00F3 felt\u00E9teleket vizsg\u00E1lja. A fogyaszt\u00F3kkal \u00E9s termel\u0151kkel, mint piaci szerepl\u0151kkel foglalkozik, akik \u2013 feltev\u00E9se szerint \u2013 haszonmaximaliz\u00E1l\u00F3 \u00E9s k\u00F6lts\u00E9gminimaliz\u00E1l\u00F3, valamint az ehhez tartoz\u00F3 kock\u00E1zatot m\u00E9rlegel\u0151 d\u00F6nt\u00E9shoz\u00F3k."@hu ,
"La micro\u00E9conomie (ou micro-\u00E9conomie) est la branche de l'\u00E9conomie qui analyse le comportement \u00E9conomique au niveau d'entit\u00E9s individuelles telles qu'un consommateur ou une entreprise. Les consommateurs sont consid\u00E9r\u00E9s comme des offreurs de travail et demandeurs de produits finis. Les firmes sont, quant \u00E0 elles, des demandeuses de travail et des offreuses de produits finis et de consommations interm\u00E9diaires."@fr ,
"La microeconomia \u00E8 quella branca della teoria economica che studia il comportamento dei singoli agenti economici, come i consumatori, i lavoratori, gli investitori, i proprietari terrieri, le imprese: individui o entit\u00E0 che giocano un qualche ruolo nel funzionamento delle nostre economie. Un altro tema importante della microeconomia riguarda il modo in cui gli agenti economici interagiscono tra di loro per formare unit\u00E0 pi\u00F9 ampie come i mercati e le industrie."@it ,
"Mikroekonomie je obor ekonomick\u00E9 teorie, kter\u00FD se zab\u00FDv\u00E1 zkoum\u00E1n\u00EDm rozhodov\u00E1n\u00ED jednotliv\u00FDch tr\u017En\u00EDch subjekt\u016F - jednotlivc\u016F, firem a st\u00E1tu. Jednotlivci popt\u00E1vaj\u00ED vytvo\u0159en\u00FD produkt ekonomiky na trhu statk\u016F a nab\u00EDzej\u00ED slu\u017Eby v\u00FDrobn\u00EDch faktor\u016F na trhu v\u00FDrobn\u00EDch faktor\u016F. Anal\u00FDza chov\u00E1n\u00ED jednotlivc\u016F je pops\u00E1na v teorii spot\u0159ebitele. Firmy naopak na z\u00E1klad\u011B popt\u00E1vky jednotlivc\u016F vytv\u00E1\u0159ej\u00ED produkt, pro jeho\u017E v\u00FDrobu z\u00EDsk\u00E1vaj\u00ED slu\u017Eby v\u00FDrobn\u00EDch faktor\u016F."@cs ,
""@ja ,
"Microeconomia se ocup\u0103 cu studiul comportamentului economic al diferi\u0163ilor consumatori (teoria bugetar\u0103), al firmei (teoria produc\u0163iei) si problematica \u00EEmp\u0103r\u0163irii bunurilor limitate si a venitului limitat. \u00CEn cadrul microeconomiei indivizii sunt v\u0103zu\u0163i ca for\u0163\u0103 de munc\u0103, ca \u015Fi consumatori ai bunurilor produse, pe care ace\u015Ftia le consum\u0103 cu scopul de a-\u015Fi maximiza folosin\u0163a."@ro ,
"De micro-economie is een onderdeel van de economische wetenschap die het economisch gedrag van afzonderlijke gezinnen en bedrijven bestudeert. In deze tak van de economie staan vraag en aanbod centraal. Vraag en aanbod komen samen op de markt waar via het prijsmechanisme een prijs tot stand komt. Prijzen be\u00EFnvloeden de gedragingen van personen. De micro-economie tracht te verklaren in welke mate de prijs het aan- en verkoopgedrag be\u00EFnvloedt. Hiervoor zijn elasticiteiten erg belangrijk."@nl ,
"A Microeconomia \u00E9 definida como um problema de aloca\u00E7\u00E3o de recursos escassos em rela\u00E7\u00E3o a uma s\u00E9rie possivel de fins. Os desdobramentos l\u00F3gicos desse problema levam ao estudo do comportamento econ\u00F4mico individual de consumidores, e firmas bem como a distribui\u00E7\u00E3o da produ\u00E7\u00E3o e rendimento entre eles. A Microeconomia \u00E9 considerada a base da moderna teoria econ\u00F4mica, estudando suas rela\u00E7\u00F5es fundamentais."@pt ,
"Mikro\u00F8konomi er studiet av enkeltkonsumenters og enkeltbedrifters \u00F8konomiske beslutninger og hvordan disse oppf\u00F8rer seg n\u00E5r de m\u00F8tes p\u00E5 et marked. Mikro\u00F8konomi deles gjerne opp i tre bolker; konsumentteori, produksjonsteori og markedsteori. Mikro\u00F8konomien som vi kjenner den i dag stammer fra nyklassisk \u00F8konomisk tenkning."@no ,
"La microeconomia, en contraposici\u00F3 amb la macroeconomia, \u00E9s la part de la teoria econ\u00F2mica que estudia el comportament econ\u00F2mic de les unitats econ\u00F2miques elementals com poden ser els consumidors i les empreses i la seves interrelacions en el mercat. Considera a les persones prove\u00EFdors de m\u00E0 d'obra i com a consumidors del producte final. Per altre banda, les empreses s\u00F3n analitzades com a prove\u00EFdors de productes i consumidors de m\u00E0 d'obra i capital."@ca ;
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