@prefix dbpedia-owl: . @prefix dbpedia: . dbpedia:Harish-Chandra_Research_Institute dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution . @prefix ns2: . dbpedia:Harish-Chandra_Research_Institute ns2:type dbpedia:Institution . @prefix dbpprop: . dbpedia:Harish-Chandra_Research_Institute dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Indian_Institute_of_Astrophysics dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Indian_Institute_of_Technology_Kharagpur dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Tata_Institute_of_Fundamental_Research dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Indian_Institute_of_Management_Calcutta dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Indian_Institute_of_Foreign_Trade dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Institute_of_Management_and_Computer_Studies dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Indian_Association_for_the_Cultivation_of_Science dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Indian_Institute_of_Management_Shillong dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Indian_Institute_of_Technology_Rajasthan dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Institute_of_Engineering_and_Rural_Technology dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Institute_of_Management_Technology dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Instituted dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Institutionally dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Institutor dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Madhav_Institute_of_Technology_and_Science dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Pandit_Deendayal_Petroleum_University dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:SITE_Engineering_College dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Sreenidhi_Institute_of_Science_and_Technology dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Sri_Ramswaroop_Memorial_College_of_Engineering_and_Management_Lucknow dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Metainstitutions dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Jamnalal_Bajaj_Institute_of_Management_Studies dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Indian_Institute_of_Management_Ahmedabad dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Bose_Institute dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:C_K_Pithawala_College_of_Engineering_and_Technology dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Centre_for_Theoretical_Studies dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Chanakya_National_Law_University dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Chandragupt_Institute_of_Management dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Chettinad_Vidyashram dbpprop:principal dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Fore_School_of_Management dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:GMITE dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:National_Centre_for_Radio_Astrophysics dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Sree_Kerala_Varma_college dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:IGSM dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Indian_Institute_of_Technology_Delhi dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Institute_of_Engineering_and_Technology dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Institute_of_Social_Studies_Trust dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Institutions dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Iranian_Center_for_Translation_Studies dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Madan_Mohan_Malaviya_Engineering_College dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Mar_Athanasius_College_of_Engineering dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:National_Atmospheric_Research_Laboratory dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:National_Institute_of_Engineering dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:National_Institute_of_Rehabilitation_Training_and_Research dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:PSG_Institute_of_Management_Coimbatore dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Raman_Research_Institute dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:SP_Jain_Center_of_Management dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Sarvajanik_College_of_Engineering_and_Technology dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Shah_And_Anchor_Kutchhi_Engineering_College dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:The_National_Centre_for_Biological_Sciences dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Tocklai_Experimental_Station dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Vidya_College_of_Engineering dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Vignana_Jyothi_Institute_of_Management dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:YMCA_Institute_of_Engineering dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Metainstitution dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Indian_Institute_of_Science dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Birsa_Institute_of_Technology_Sindri dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Homi_Bhabha_National_Institute dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Homi_Bhabha_Centre_for_Science_Education dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Xavier_Institute_of_Management_and_Entrepreneurship dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Centre_for_Development_Studies dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Chaitanya_Bharathi_Institute_of_Technology dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Chennai_Mathematical_Institute dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:DoMS_NIT_Trichy dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Madras_Institute_of_Technology dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Goa_Institute_of_Management dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution , dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Private_High_School_Kolhapur dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Shri_Vaishnav_Institute_of_Technology_and_Science dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:IILM_Institute dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Indian_Institute_of_Forest_Management dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Indian_Institute_of_Technology_Bhubaneswar dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Institute_Of_Petroleum_Technology dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Jain_Vishva_Bharati_University dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:L_B_S_Institute_of_Technology_for_Women dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Maharashtra_Animal_and_Fishery_Sciences_University dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Mathematical_Sciences_Foundation dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Maturi_Venkata_Subba_Rao_Engineering_College dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Midnapore_College dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:National_Institute_of_Foundry_and_Forge_Technology dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Shambhunath_Institute_of_Engineering_and_Technology dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution , dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Vasavi_College_of_Engineering dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . @prefix rdf: . @prefix opencyc: . dbpedia:Institution rdf:type opencyc:Mx4r_4bScKNtQdiVw7XtX-HN0Q , opencyc:Mx4rvWXYgJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA . @prefix owl: . dbpedia:Institution owl:sameAs opencyc:Mx4rQjPWFMh5EdmAAAACs6hRjg , . @prefix ns7: . dbpedia:Institution owl:sameAs ns7:Mx4rQjPWFMh5EdmAAAACs6hRjg . @prefix foaf: . @prefix ns9: . dbpedia:Institution foaf:page ns9:Institution ; dbpprop:reference , . @prefix rdfs: . dbpedia:Institution rdfs:label "\u5236\u5EA6"@zh , "Instituci\u00F3"@ca , "Institui\u00E7\u00E3o"@pt , "Institusjon"@no , "Instituutio"@fi , "Istituzione"@it , "Institution"@en , "Instituci\u00F3n"@es , "Institution"@de , "Institution (sociologie)"@fr , "Institutie (sociologie)"@nl , "Instituce"@cs , "Institu\u0163ie"@ro , "\u5236\u5EA6"@ja ; dbpprop:abstract "Acest articol este despre institu\u0163ii ca seturi de reguli. Pentru institu\u0163ii ca organiza\u0163ie vezi organiza\u0163ie. Institu\u0163iile sunt un set de reguli formale sau reguli informale generatoare de ordine \u00EEn raporturile sociale; ele \"reprezint\u0103 regulile jocului\" sau \u00EEntr-o alt\u0103 exprimare sunt constr\u00E2ngeri create de indivizi pentru a da form\u0103 interac\u0163iunii umane."@ro , "Institui\u00E7\u00F5es s\u00E3o organiza\u00E7\u00F5es ou mecanismos sociais que controlam o funcionamento da sociedade e, por conseguinte, dos indiv\u00EDduos, mostram-se de interesse social, uma vez que refletem experi\u00EAncias quantitativas e qualitativas dos processos socioecon\u00F4micos. Organizadas sob o escopo de regras e normas, visam \u00E0 ordena\u00E7\u00E3o das intera\u00E7\u00F5es entre os indiv\u00EDduos e entre estes e suas respectivas formas organizacionais. Tornando mais econ\u00F4micas essas intera\u00E7\u00F5es, as institui\u00E7\u00F5es (formais ou informais), s\u00E3o instrumentos indispens\u00E1veis \u00E0 compreens\u00E3o da l\u00F3gica evolutiva das part\u00EDculas sociais, sendo o seu estudo primordial ao entendimento dos complexos processos pelos quais o Capital se estrutura. Em ess\u00EAncia, as institui\u00E7\u00F5es s\u00E3o respons\u00E1veis pela organiza\u00E7\u00E3o das intera\u00E7\u00F5es sociais, analisando sua evolu\u00E7\u00E3o e desenvolvendo m\u00E9todos que as associem a ambiente favor\u00E1vel \u00E0 aloca\u00E7\u00E3o racional de recursos que otimizem a satisfa\u00E7\u00E3o de suas necessidades. Exemplos de institui\u00E7\u00F5es: As institui\u00E7\u00F5es pol\u00EDticas incluem os \u00F3rg\u00E3os e os partidos pol\u00EDticos. As institui\u00E7\u00F5es religiosas possuem nomes de acordo com a religi\u00E3o, podendo ser chamadas de igrejas, templos, sinagogas, mesquitas, centros esp\u00EDritas ou outras denomina\u00E7\u00F5es. As institui\u00E7\u00F5es educacionais s\u00E3o as escolas, universidades, etc. As institui\u00E7\u00F5es cient\u00EDficas Certos mecanismos sem uma base f\u00EDsica s\u00E3o igualmente considerados institui\u00E7\u00F5es, como o casamento, a press\u00E3o social, a linguagem etc."@pt , "Institusjon har litt forskjellige betydninger p\u00E5 norsk. En institusjon kan v\u00E6re en mer eller mindre definert norm for atferd og tenkem\u00E5ter i en samfunnsgruppe eller et samfunn. Slike vedtatte regler eller institusjoner utgj\u00F8r et kulturelt fellesgrunnlag for samfunnet og kan omfatte skikk og bruk, spr\u00E5k, moral og annet. Denne forst\u00E5elsen av ordet er vanlig innen samfunnsvitenskapene. Betegnelsen institusjon brukes ogs\u00E5 om mer konkrete innretninger i samfunnet som bygger p\u00E5 lover, vedtekter eller sedvane eller om organiserte virksomheter av offentlig eller allmenn karakter. Institusjoner av denne typen kan for eksempel v\u00E6re et offentlig kontor, en tjeneste eller etat, en organisasjon, en stiftelse eller andre betydningsfulle og tradisjonsrike foretagender og samfunnsakt\u00F8rer. Ordet institusjon brukes i dagligtalen dessuten ofte om forskjellige typer anstalter, behandlings- og pleiehjem, s\u00E6rlig for gamle, barn og sjuke. Slike instusjoner kan eksempelvis v\u00E6re psykiatriske institusjoner og sjukehus. Ordet institusjon kommer av det latinske institutio som betyr \u00E5 \u00ABinnrette\u00BB, og institutum som betyr \u00ABinnretning\u00BB eller \u00ABsedvane\u00BB. Det er i slekt med ordet institutt."@no , "Institutions are structures and mechanisms of social order and cooperation governing the behavior of a set of individuals within a given human collectivity. Institutions are identified with a social purpose and permanence, transcending individual human lives and intentions, and with the making and enforcing of rules governing cooperative human behavior. The term \"institution\" is commonly applied to customs and behavior patterns important to a society, as well as to particular formal organizations of government and public service. As structures and mechanisms of social order among humans, institutions are one of the principal objects of study in the social sciences, including sociology, political science, and economics. Institutions are a central concern for law, the formal mechanism for political rule-making and enforcement. The creation and evolution of institutions is a primary topic for history."@en , "Sur le plan de la sociologie, une institution d\u00E9signe une structure sociale (ou un syst\u00E8me de relations sociales) dot\u00E9e d'une certaine stabilit\u00E9 dans le temps. Une d\u00E9finition plus \u00E9l\u00E9gante consiste \u00E0 dire qu'une institution est une r\u00E8gle du jeu accept\u00E9e socialement. Toute institution se pr\u00E9sente comme un ensemble de t\u00E2ches, r\u00E8gles, conduites entre les personnes et pratiques. Elles sont dot\u00E9es d'une finalit\u00E9 particuli\u00E8re, c'est pourquoi on s'int\u00E9resse \u00E0 l'\u00AB esprit des institutions \u00BB. Elle n'existe, ne dispose, ne d\u00E9cide que par les pratiques de ses composantes. Comme objet sociologique, on s'int\u00E9resse aussi bien \u00E0 ses actions int\u00E9rieures qu'\u00E0 celles tourn\u00E9es vers l'ext\u00E9rieur. Le terme \u00AB institution \u00BB provient du latin institutio \u00E9quivalent \u00E0 \u00AB ce qui est institu\u00E9, r\u00E8gle \u00BB. Cet article se rapporte aux institutions en tant que m\u00E9canismes sociaux. Pour le fonctionnement des institutions, voir Organisation."@fr , "\u5236\u5EA6\uFF08\u305B\u3044\u3069,system, institution\uFF09\u306F\u4EBA\u9593\u884C\u52D5\u306E\u5B9A\u578B\u5316\u3055\u308C\u305F\u30D1\u30BF\u30FC\u30F3\u3002\u793E\u4F1A\u95A2\u4FC2\u3092\u5186\u6ED1\u306B\u55B6\u3080\u305F\u3081\u306B\u793E\u4F1A\u3092\u69CB\u6210\u3059\u308B\u96C6\u56E3\u306E\u69CB\u6210\u8005\u3084\u3001\u305D\u306E\u793E\u4F1A\u306E\u7D71\u6CBB\u8005\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5B9A\u3081\u3089\u308C\u305F\u6C7A\u307E\u308A\u3054\u3068\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5B9A\u5F0F\u5316\u3055\u308C\u516C\u8A8D\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u591A\u3044\u3002\u96C6\u56E3\u306E\u69CB\u6210\u8005\u500B\u3005\u306E\u610F\u5FD7\u306F\u5225\u3068\u3057\u3066\u96C6\u56E3\u306E\u69CB\u6210\u8005\u5168\u54E1\u304C\u7DE0\u7D50\u3057\u305F\u5951\u7D04\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8003\u3048\u5F97\u308B\u307B\u3069\u62D8\u675F\u529B\u3092\u5F37\u3081\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u3042\u308B\u3002\u5236\u5EA6\u306E\u52B9\u529B\u306F\u305D\u308C\u3092\u5B9A\u3081\u305F\u5404\u96C6\u56E3\u306B\u9650\u3089\u308C\u308B\u304C\u3001\u4ED6\u306E\u96C6\u56E3\u306B\u5BFE\u3057\u3066\u3082\u5F71\u97FF\u3092\u4E0E\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u793E\u4F1A\u5168\u822C\u306B\u95A2\u308F\u308B\u5236\u5EA6\u3092\u793E\u4F1A\u5236\u5EA6\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3002\u6CD5\u6CBB\u56FD\u5BB6\u306B\u65BC\u3051\u308B\u5236\u5EA6\u306F\u6CD5\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5B9A\u3081\u3089\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002 \u6539\u9769\uFF08\u304B\u3044\u304B\u304F,reformatiom\uFF09\u306F\u65E2\u5B58\u306E\u5236\u5EA6\u30FB\u6A5F\u69CB\u30FB\u7D44\u7E54\u7B49\u3092\u6539\u3081\u308B\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u793E\u4F1A\u306B\u65BC\u3051\u308B\u5236\u5EA6\u306F\u3001\u69CB\u6210\u8005\u306E\u6301\u3064\u6A29\u76CA\u3092\u5B88\u308A\u3001\u76F8\u4E92\u306E\u5229\u5BB3\u3092\u8ABF\u6574\u3059\u308B\u3053\u3068\u3092\u76EE\u7684\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308B\u3002\u3053\u306E\u76EE\u7684\u3092\u9054\u6210\u3059\u308B\u305F\u3081\u306B\u306F\u3001\u69CB\u6210\u8005\u5168\u54E1\u304C\u7D0D\u5F97\u3059\u308B\u5F62\u3067\u5B9A\u3081\u308B\u5FC5\u8981\u304C\u3042\u308B\u304C\u3001\u73FE\u5728\u306B\u65BC\u3044\u3066\u3082\u5229\u5BB3\u95A2\u4FC2\u306E\u885D\u7A81\u304B\u3089\u5B9A\u3081\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u56F0\u96E3\u306A\u5834\u5408\u304C\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja , "L'istituzione \u00E8 una forma di aggregazione sociale, organizzazione, meccanismo, struttura sociale, che governa il comportamento di due o pi\u00F9 individui, ed \u00E8 caratterizzata da modelli di comportamento che, grazie al processo di ripetizione, tipizzazione ed oggettivazione, si sono cristallizzati in ruoli all'interno della societ\u00E0. L'istituzione \u00E8 qualcosa di pi\u00F9 generale di un ente, \u00E8 un comportamento oggettivato. L'oggettivazione pu\u00F2 avvenire tramite due tipologie di strutture: le strutture visibili (organizzazioni pubbliche e private oppure gruppi primari come la famiglia) le strutture simboliche (i contenuti culturali condivisi come l'inno nazionale, i rituali come i riti religiosi ed il linguaggio come la lingua italiana). L'istituzione \u00E8 quindi una regola di comportamento oggettivata in strutture diverse. Se un comportamento istituzionalizzato \u00E8 \"una cosa da fare\" esso rappresenta una regola vincolante, una norma sociale a cui adeguarsi. Ciascuna istituzione sociale implica un insieme di norme a cui gli individui ritengono di doversi attenere. Tali norme possono essere di carattere morale, abitudini, consuetudini e buona educazione oppure per concludere, norme dello stato. Sono, inoltre, principi giuridici fondamentali dello stato e sono gli organismi politico costituzionali che ne sono l'espressione. Le istituzioni si identificano con uno scopo e una durata che trascendono la vita e le intenzioni umane, e con la creazione e l'applicazione di regole che governano il comportamento umano. In quanto strutture e meccanismi di ordine sociale, le istituzioni sono uno dei principali oggetti di studio delle scienze sociali, tra cui sociologia, scienze politiche ed economia. Storicamente, una distinzione tra ere o periodi, implica un grande e fondamentale cambiamento nel sistema di istituzioni governanti una societ\u00E0. Eventi politici e militari vengono giudicati di importanza storica se sono associati a cambiamenti nelle istituzioni. Nella storia europea, particolare importanza \u00E8 associata alla lunga transizione dalle istituzioni feudali del Medioevo alle istituzioni moderne, che governano la vita contemporanea. Anche se le singole organizzazioni formali comunemente identificate come \"istituzioni\", possono essere deliberatamente e intenzionalmente create dalle persone, lo sviluppo e il funzionamento delle istituzioni nella societ\u00E0 in generale, pu\u00F2 essere visto come un'istanza dell'emergenza; ovvero, l'istituzione nasce, si sviluppa e funziona secondo un tracciato di auto-organizzazione, che va oltre le intenzioni consce dei singoli individui coinvolti. Come meccanismo di cooperazione sociale, le istituzioni si manifestano sia come organizzazioni formali, e reali, come il Parlamento, la Chiesa Cattolica Romana o la Banca d'Italia, che come organizzazioni e ordini sociali informali, che riflettono la psicologia, cultura, usi e costumi degli esseri umani. Secondo Cooley (1902) e successivamente anche per F. Stuart Chapin (Contemporary American Istitutions, 1935), viene vista come sistema di simboli diffusi, significati condivisi dalla generalit\u00E0 dei membri di una societ\u00E0, valori e norme di condotta universalmente riconosciuti e praticati, insieme di discorsi che formulano una base per i processi di comunicazione. Sono istituzioni, quindi, l'etica, il diritto e l'arte. Molte istituzioni importanti, considerate in astratto, possiedono sia aspetti oggettivi che soggettivi: esempi comprendono il denaro e il matrimonio. L'istituzione del denaro abbraccia molte organizzazioni formali, comprese le banche, i dipartimenti governativi del tesoro e le borse, che possono essere denominate \"istituzioni\", cos\u00EC come esperienze soggettive, che guidano la gente nella propria ricerca del benessere economico personale. Istituzioni potenti sono in grado di attribuire un certo valore ad una valuta cartacea, e ad indurre milioni di individui alla produzione cooperativa e al commercio, per perseguire i fini economici che tale valuta rappresenta. L'esperienza soggettiva del denaro \u00E8 cos\u00EC penetrante e persuasiva, che gli economisti parlano di \"illusione del denaro\" e cercano di liberare da esso i loro studenti, in preparazione all'apprendimento dell'analisi economica. Matrimonio e famiglia, come insieme di istituzioni, coprono aspetti sia formali che informali, sia oggettivi che soggettivi. Sia le istituzioni governative che quelle religiose creano e attuano regole riguardanti il matrimonio e la famiglia, creano e regolano vari concetti su come le persone si relazionano l'un l'altra, e su quali possano essere di conseguenza i loro diritti, obblighi e doveri. Cultura e tradizioni permeano il matrimonio e la famiglia. L'analisi economica identifica comunemente le istituzioni con i \"padroni del gioco\". Secondo questa visione comune, le istituzioni possono essere considerate come le creatrici ed attuatrici di norme, leggi e regolamenti, e le creatrici, in effetti, di un gioco in cui gli individui agiscono in modo strategico, ma prevedibile. le istituzioni ben funzionanti dirigono e contengono questo comportamento auto-interessato, in modi che producono risultati positivi che scaturiscono dalla cooperazione sociale. Altre istituzioni, come i feudi, possono essere considerate come risultati negativi di un fallimento nello sviluppare forti istituti di cooperazione sociale. La teoria della scelta pubblica, una branca dell'economia strettamente legato alla scienza politica, analizza il comportamento delle istituzioni politiche nel compiere le proprie scelte, applicando concetti della teoria dei giochi per identificare le fonti di difetti sistematici. La sociologia ha tradizionalmente analizzato le istituzioni sociali in termini di ruoli e aspettative sociali interconnesse. Le istituzioni sociali vengono create e composte da gruppi di ruoli o comportamenti attesi. La funzione sociale delle istituzioni viene servita dal soddisfacimento dei ruoli. Le richieste biologiche basilari per la riproduzione e la cura dei giovani, vengono servite dall'istituto del matrimonio e della famiglia, creando, elaborando e prescrivendo i comportamenti attesi da marito/padre, moglie/madre, figli, ecc.. Una delle principali divisioni nelle scienze sociali riguarda quali organizzazioni umane siano interpretate come artificiali, e quindi limitate nella loro longevit\u00E0, e quali sono viste come naturali (compresa la natura umana) e quindi eterne. Ad esempio, in quello che viene genericamente definito come campo liberale, sia il mercato che il capitalismo sono visti come \"naturali\", mentre il marxismo li vede come creazioni umane. In maniera simile, il femminismo vede l'istituto della patriarchia come artificiale e quindi non permanente. I difensori del patriarcato si appellano invece alla \"natura umana\" e a concetti similari."@it , "Institution ist in der Soziologie eine mit Handlungsrechten, Handlungspflichten oder normativer Geltung belegte soziale Wirklichkeit, durch die Gruppen und Gemeinschaften nach innen und nach au\u00DFen hin verbindlich (geltend) wirken oder handeln. Umgangssprachlich wird unter einer Institution auch eine Organisation verstanden."@de , "Instituutiot ovat sosiaalisen j\u00E4rjestyksen ja yhteisty\u00F6n rakenteita ja mekanismeja, jotka ohjaavat kahden tai useamman yksil\u00F6n k\u00E4ytt\u00E4ytymist\u00E4. Instituutiot muokkaavat ihmisten toimia ja tavoitteita, ja ne luovat ja pit\u00E4v\u00E4t yll\u00E4 ihmisten yhteistoiminnan s\u00E4\u00E4nt\u00F6j\u00E4. Termi\u00E4 \"instituutio\" k\u00E4ytet\u00E4\u00E4n usein kuvaamaan yhteiskunnalle t\u00E4rkeit\u00E4 tapoja ja k\u00E4ytt\u00E4ytymismalleja, mutta my\u00F6s nimenomaisia hallituksen ja julkisen vallan organisaatioita. Ihmisten v\u00E4lisen sosiaalisen j\u00E4rjestyksen rakenteina ja mekanismeina instituutiot ovat yhteiskuntatieteiden kuten sosiologian, valtio-opin ja kansantaloustieteen t\u00E4rkeimpi\u00E4 tutkimuskohteita. Historia tieteen\u00E4 puolestaan tutkii instituutioiden synty\u00E4 ja kehittymist\u00E4."@fi , "\u5236\u5EA6\uFF08Institution\uFF09\uFF0C\u6216\u7A31\u70BA\u5EFA\u5236\u3002\u662F\u793E\u6703\u79D1\u5B78\u88E1\u9762\u7684\u6982\u5FF5\uFF0C\u5728\u793E\u6703\u79D1\u5B78\u7684\u89D2\u5EA6\u4F86\u7406\u89E3\u4E0B\uFF0C\u5236\u5EA6\u6CDB\u6307\u4EE5\u898F\u5247\u6216\u904B\u4F5C\u6A21\u5F0F\uFF0C\u898F\u7BC4\u500B\u9AD4\u884C\u52D5\u7684\u4E00\u7A2E\u793E\u6703\u7D50\u69CB\u3002\u9019\u4E9B\u898F\u5247\u860A\u542B\u8457\u793E\u6703\u7684\u50F9\u503C\uFF0C\u5176\u904B\u884C\u8868\u5F70\u8457\u4E00\u500B\u793E\u6703\u7684\u79E9\u5E8F\u3002\u5EFA\u5236\u7684\u6982\u5FF5\u88AB\u5EE3\u6CDB\u61C9\u7528\u5230\u793E\u6703\u5B78\u3001\u653F\u6CBB\u5B78\u53CA\u7D93\u6FDF\u5B78\u7684\u7BC4\u7587\u4E4B\u4E2D\u3002 \u5236\u5EA6\u662F\u4E00\u7A2E\u4EBA\u5011\u6709\u76EE\u7684\u5EFA\u69CB\u7684\u5B58\u5728\u7269\u3002\u5EFA\u5236\u7684\u5B58\u5728\uFF0C\u90FD\u6703\u5E36\u6709\u50F9\u503C\u5224\u65B7\u5728\u88E1\u9762\uFF0C\u5F9E\u800C\u898F\u7BC4\u3001\u5F71\u97FF\u5EFA\u5236\u5167\u4EBA\u5011\u7684\u884C\u70BA\u3002\u4F8B\u5982\u82E5\u679C\u6211\u5011\u628A\u9078\u8209\u5236\u5EA6\u770B\u6210\u662F\u5EFA\u5236\u7684\u8A71\uFF0C\u4E0D\u540C\u5730\u65B9\u7684\u9078\u8209\u5236\u5EA6\uFF0C\u898F\u5247\u90FD\u6709\u4E0D\u540C\uFF0C\u5236\u5EA6\u4E3B\u7FA9\u8005\u4FBF\u6703\u89E3\u91CB\u9019\u662F\u4E0D\u540C\u793E\u6703\u5C0D\u9078\u8209\u50F9\u503C\u89C0\u7406\u89E3\u4E0D\u540C\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u7D50\u679C\u3002\u5018\u82E5\u4E00\u500B\u793E\u6703\u8A8D\u70BA\u61C9\u8A72\u8868\u9054\u591A\u5143\u8072\u97F3\uFF0C\u91CD\u65BC\u57F7\u653F\u6548\u7387\u7B49\u5176\u4ED6\u50F9\u503C\u89C0\u7684\u8A71\uFF0C\u90A3\u9EBC\u9078\u8209\u5236\u5EA6\u4FBF\u6703\u50BE\u5411\u8A2D\u5B9A\u65BC\u6709\u5229\u8868\u9054\u591A\u5143\u8072\u97F3\uFF08\u4F8B\u5982\uFF1A\u6BD4\u4F8B\u4EE3\u8868\u5236\uFF09\uFF0C\u591A\u500B\u9EE8\u6D3E\u90FD\u80FD\u501F\u52A9\u6B64\u5236\u5EA6\u5F97\u5230\u76F8\u61C9\u6C11\u610F\u652F\u6301\u800C\u88AB\u9078\u51FA\u3002 \u5236\u5EA6\u7684\u6982\u5FF5\u6709\u4E00\u500B\u76F2\u9EDE\uFF0C\u5C31\u662F\u96E3\u4EE5\u89E3\u91CB\u5236\u5EA6\u6539\u8B8A\u7684\u539F\u56E0\u3002\u591A\u5E74\u4F86\u4E0D\u540C\u5B78\u8005\u5747\u5617\u8A66\u52A0\u4EE5\u89E3\u91CB\uFF0C\u5982\u793E\u6703\u4E0A\u898F\u7BC4\u6027\u50F9\u503C\u89C0\u7684\u6539\u8B8A\u3001\u4EBA\u5011\u7684\u884C\u70BA\u4E92\u52D5\u3001\u6B77\u53F2\u7684\u56E0\u7D20\u6703\u5C0E\u81F4\u5236\u5EA6\u5F97\u5230\u6539\u9769\uFF0C\u53EF\u662F\u59CB\u7D42\u96E3\u4EE5\u5145\u5206\u89E3\u91CB\u653F\u6CBB\u73FE\u8C61\u3002"@zh , "Una instituci\u00F3 \u00E9s una plataforma per actuar conjuntament dotada d'un determinat poder i de mecanismes especialitzats. Les creen els actors que actuen aut\u00F2nomament en una situaci\u00F3 de multidepend\u00E8ncia. Els actors que actuen conjuntament s'enfronten a situacions que han de superar. En els casos m\u00E9s complicats cal que estructuren les relacions entre ells per coordinar-se, aquesta \u00E9s la ra\u00F3 de la instituci\u00F3. Necessiten crear unes normes, regles i en definitiva un r\u00E8gim de coordinaci\u00F3 per regular les seues accions i actuar col\u00B7lectivament. Les institucions tenen una doble dimensi\u00F3. Per una banda permeten participar als individus i per altra els exclouen. Tamb\u00E9 t\u00E9 una cara externa (manera de presentar-se al m\u00F3n) i una cara interna (manera de treballar internament). Les institucions fan que el Govern deixe de ser qui governa. Es creen sobre institucions ja existents, les societat no s\u00F3n taules rases, per tant ja existeixen taules de comportament. Si partim de la base de qu\u00E8 les institucions s\u00F3n els mitjans pels quals actuen col\u00B7lectivament els exemples d'institucions podrien ser molts i de molt variada tem\u00E0tica. Per exemple l'esgl\u00E9sia, l'escola o l'ex\u00E8rcit. \u00C9s un dels principals objectes d'estudi de la pol\u00EDtica, sociologia i tamb\u00E9 de la hist\u00F2ria, ja que la seva evoluci\u00F3 classifica els diferents per\u00EDodes o sistemes aix\u00ED com les relacions i la forma d'actuar col\u00B7lectivament dels individus."@ca , "In de sociologie is een institutie een maatschappelijk patroon dat de individuen in die maatschappij programmeert volgens (al dan niet bewuste) regels."@nl , "Las instituciones son mecanismos de orden social y cooperaci\u00F3n que procuran normalizar el comportamiento de un grupo de individuos (que puede ser reducido o coincidir con una sociedad entera). Las instituciones en dicho sentido trascienden las voluntades individuales al identificarse con la imposici\u00F3n de un prop\u00F3sito en teor\u00EDa considerado como un bien social, es decir: normal para \u00E9se grupo. Su mecanismo de funcionamiento var\u00EDa ampliamente en cada caso, aunque se destaca la elaboraci\u00F3n de numerosas reglas o normas que suelen ser poco flexibles. El t\u00E9rmino instituci\u00F3n se aplica por lo general a las normas de conducta y costumbres consideradas importantes para una sociedad, como las particulares organizaciones formales de gobierno y servicio p\u00FAblico. Como estructuras y mecanismos de orden social en la especie humana, las instituciones son uno de los principales objetos de estudio en las ciencias sociales, como la antropolog\u00EDa, la sociolog\u00EDa, la ciencia pol\u00EDtica y la econom\u00EDa entre otras. Las instituciones son tambi\u00E9n un tema de estudio central para el derecho, el r\u00E9gimen formal para la elaboraci\u00F3n e implantaci\u00F3n de reglas. La creaci\u00F3n y evoluci\u00F3n de las instituciones es un asunto, desde luego, que ha jugado un papel preponderante en la historia de las sociedades, existiendo incluso una historia de las instituciones dedicada a su estudio. El institucionalismo es un enfoque particular o tendencia de algunas corrientes dentro de estas ciencias sociales. Derivado del origen etimol\u00F3gico de institutio (en lat\u00EDn educaci\u00F3n), una instituci\u00F3n es un establecimiento u organismo que realiza una labor social de tipo educativo y cultural, como los institutos de ense\u00F1anza o investigaci\u00F3n o los museos. Del mismo origen vienen instrucci\u00F3n, instructor e institutriz. El t\u00E9rmino instituci\u00F3n no tiene por qu\u00E9 ser un lugar f\u00EDsico. Una instituci\u00F3n es, por ejemplo, el conducir un autom\u00F3vil por la derecha en ciertos pa\u00EDses. Tambi\u00E9n puede ampliarse el concepto para designar a una persona de especial consideraci\u00F3n, veneraci\u00F3n y respeto: por ejemplo Miguel Delibes es una instituci\u00F3n en la cultura espa\u00F1ola, o Chavela Vargas es una instituci\u00F3n en la canci\u00F3n latina. Hay muchos grados de instituciones, formales e informales. El estudio de estas instituciones es de gran valor para entender muchos comportamientos sociales, pol\u00EDticos, econ\u00F3micos, etc."@es , "Pojem instituce v sociologii vyjad\u0159uje struktury a mechanismy soci\u00E1ln\u00EDho \u0159\u00E1du a spolupr\u00E1ce, \u0159\u00EDd\u00EDc\u00ED chov\u00E1n\u00ED dvou nebo v\u00EDce jednotlivc\u016F. Pojem se vztahuje jak ke vzorc\u016Fm jedn\u00E1n\u00ED ve spole\u010Dnosti, tak tak\u00E9 v organizac\u00EDch a ve\u0159ejn\u00E9m sektoru. Instituce jsou hlavn\u00EDm t\u00E9matem pr\u00E1va, form\u00E1ln\u00EDho re\u017Eimu politick\u00E9 spr\u00E1vy a vynucov\u00E1n\u00ED. Vznik a v\u00FDvoj instituc\u00ED je d\u016Fle\u017Eit\u00FDm t\u00E9matem historie."@cs ; rdfs:comment "Pojem instituce v sociologii vyjad\u0159uje struktury a mechanismy soci\u00E1ln\u00EDho \u0159\u00E1du a spolupr\u00E1ce, \u0159\u00EDd\u00EDc\u00ED chov\u00E1n\u00ED dvou nebo v\u00EDce jednotlivc\u016F. Pojem se vztahuje jak ke vzorc\u016Fm jedn\u00E1n\u00ED ve spole\u010Dnosti, tak tak\u00E9 v organizac\u00EDch a ve\u0159ejn\u00E9m sektoru. Instituce jsou hlavn\u00EDm t\u00E9matem pr\u00E1va, form\u00E1ln\u00EDho re\u017Eimu politick\u00E9 spr\u00E1vy a vynucov\u00E1n\u00ED. Vznik a v\u00FDvoj instituc\u00ED je d\u016Fle\u017Eit\u00FDm t\u00E9matem historie."@cs , "Institution ist in der Soziologie eine mit Handlungsrechten, Handlungspflichten oder normativer Geltung belegte soziale Wirklichkeit, durch die Gruppen und Gemeinschaften nach innen und nach au\u00DFen hin verbindlich (geltend) wirken oder handeln. Umgangssprachlich wird unter einer Institution auch eine Organisation verstanden."@de , "Sur le plan de la sociologie, une institution d\u00E9signe une structure sociale (ou un syst\u00E8me de relations sociales) dot\u00E9e d'une certaine stabilit\u00E9 dans le temps. Une d\u00E9finition plus \u00E9l\u00E9gante consiste \u00E0 dire qu'une institution est une r\u00E8gle du jeu accept\u00E9e socialement. Toute institution se pr\u00E9sente comme un ensemble de t\u00E2ches, r\u00E8gles, conduites entre les personnes et pratiques."@fr , "Institutions are structures and mechanisms of social order and cooperation governing the behavior of a set of individuals within a given human collectivity. Institutions are identified with a social purpose and permanence, transcending individual human lives and intentions, and with the making and enforcing of rules governing cooperative human behavior."@en , "Institui\u00E7\u00F5es s\u00E3o organiza\u00E7\u00F5es ou mecanismos sociais que controlam o funcionamento da sociedade e, por conseguinte, dos indiv\u00EDduos, mostram-se de interesse social, uma vez que refletem experi\u00EAncias quantitativas e qualitativas dos processos socioecon\u00F4micos. Organizadas sob o escopo de regras e normas, visam \u00E0 ordena\u00E7\u00E3o das intera\u00E7\u00F5es entre os indiv\u00EDduos e entre estes e suas respectivas formas organizacionais."@pt , "Una instituci\u00F3 \u00E9s una plataforma per actuar conjuntament dotada d'un determinat poder i de mecanismes especialitzats. Les creen els actors que actuen aut\u00F2nomament en una situaci\u00F3 de multidepend\u00E8ncia. Els actors que actuen conjuntament s'enfronten a situacions que han de superar. En els casos m\u00E9s complicats cal que estructuren les relacions entre ells per coordinar-se, aquesta \u00E9s la ra\u00F3 de la instituci\u00F3."@ca , ""@zh , ""@ja , "In de sociologie is een institutie een maatschappelijk patroon dat de individuen in die maatschappij programmeert volgens (al dan niet bewuste) regels."@nl , "Instituutiot ovat sosiaalisen j\u00E4rjestyksen ja yhteisty\u00F6n rakenteita ja mekanismeja, jotka ohjaavat kahden tai useamman yksil\u00F6n k\u00E4ytt\u00E4ytymist\u00E4. Instituutiot muokkaavat ihmisten toimia ja tavoitteita, ja ne luovat ja pit\u00E4v\u00E4t yll\u00E4 ihmisten yhteistoiminnan s\u00E4\u00E4nt\u00F6j\u00E4. Termi\u00E4 \"instituutio\" k\u00E4ytet\u00E4\u00E4n usein kuvaamaan yhteiskunnalle t\u00E4rkeit\u00E4 tapoja ja k\u00E4ytt\u00E4ytymismalleja, mutta my\u00F6s nimenomaisia hallituksen ja julkisen vallan organisaatioita."@fi , "L'istituzione \u00E8 una forma di aggregazione sociale, organizzazione, meccanismo, struttura sociale, che governa il comportamento di due o pi\u00F9 individui, ed \u00E8 caratterizzata da modelli di comportamento che, grazie al processo di ripetizione, tipizzazione ed oggettivazione, si sono cristallizzati in ruoli all'interno della societ\u00E0. L'istituzione \u00E8 qualcosa di pi\u00F9 generale di un ente, \u00E8 un comportamento oggettivato."@it , "Institusjon har litt forskjellige betydninger p\u00E5 norsk. En institusjon kan v\u00E6re en mer eller mindre definert norm for atferd og tenkem\u00E5ter i en samfunnsgruppe eller et samfunn. Slike vedtatte regler eller institusjoner utgj\u00F8r et kulturelt fellesgrunnlag for samfunnet og kan omfatte skikk og bruk, spr\u00E5k, moral og annet. Denne forst\u00E5elsen av ordet er vanlig innen samfunnsvitenskapene."@no , "Las instituciones son mecanismos de orden social y cooperaci\u00F3n que procuran normalizar el comportamiento de un grupo de individuos (que puede ser reducido o coincidir con una sociedad entera). Las instituciones en dicho sentido trascienden las voluntades individuales al identificarse con la imposici\u00F3n de un prop\u00F3sito en teor\u00EDa considerado como un bien social, es decir: normal para \u00E9se grupo."@es , "Acest articol este despre institu\u0163ii ca seturi de reguli. Pentru institu\u0163ii ca organiza\u0163ie vezi organiza\u0163ie. Institu\u0163iile sunt un set de reguli formale sau reguli informale generatoare de ordine \u00EEn raporturile sociale; ele \"reprezint\u0103 regulile jocului\" sau \u00EEntr-o alt\u0103 exprimare sunt constr\u00E2ngeri create de indivizi pentru a da form\u0103 interac\u0163iunii umane."@ro . @prefix skos: . @prefix ns12: . dbpedia:Institution skos:subject ns12:Political_science_terms , ns12:Economics_terminology , ns12:Social_institutions ; dbpprop:wikiPageUsesTemplate ; dbpprop:_2otherusesProperty "a computer science concept"@en , "Institution (computer science)"@en , "Organization"@en , "formal establishments"@en , "institutions as social mechanisms"@en . @prefix ns13: . dbpedia:Institution dbpprop:hasPhotoCollection ns13:Institution . dbpedia:Indian_Institute_of_Technology_Kanpur dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Adarsh_Vidya_Mandir dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Babasaheb_Ambedkar_Technological_University dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Sree_Chitra_Thirunal_College_of_Engineering dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Indian_Institute_of_Technology_Bombay dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Indian_Institute_of_Technology_Madras dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Institute_of_Science dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:National_Institute_of_Industrial_Engineering dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Orissa_Engineering_College dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:PSG_College_of_Technology dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:IHM_Pusa dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:IILM_AHL dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:IILM_CMS dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:IILM_GSM dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; dbpprop:type dbpedia:Institution . dbpedia:Shri_Govindram_Seksaria_Institute_of_Technology_and_Science dbpedia-owl:type dbpedia:Institution ; ns2:type dbpedia:Institution ; 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