@prefix owl: . @prefix dbpedia: . dbpedia:Heuristic owl:sameAs . @prefix foaf: . @prefix ns3: . dbpedia:Heuristic foaf:page ns3:Heuristic . @prefix dbpprop: . dbpedia:Heuristic dbpprop:reference . @prefix ns5: . dbpedia:Heuristic dbpprop:reference ns5:heuristic , . @prefix rdfs: . dbpedia:Heuristic rdfs:label "Heuristik (matematik)"@sv , "Heuristik"@de , "Heuristika"@cs , "\u542F\u53D1\u6CD5"@zh , "Heuristic"@en , "Heuristikk"@no , "Heuristique"@fr , "Euristica"@it , "\u30D2\u30E5\u30FC\u30EA\u30B9\u30C6\u30A3\u30AF\u30B9"@ja , "Heuristiek"@nl , "\u0415\u0432\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0430"@uk , "Heurisztika"@hu , "Heurystyka (logika)"@pl , "Heur\u00EDstica"@ca , "Heur\u00EDstica"@es , "Heur\u00EDstica"@pt , "\u042D\u0432\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0430"@ru , "Heuristiikka"@fi ; dbpprop:abstract "Heuristik anv\u00E4nds inom datavetenskap och matematik f\u00F6r att beteckna ett s\u00E4tt att g\u00F6ra smarta gissningar som hj\u00E4lper till att hitta l\u00F6sningar till ett problem. Sj\u00E4lva heuristiken garanterar inte en korrekt eller optimal l\u00F6sning men den kan vara ett bra till\u00E4gg till en deterministisk algoritm. Det som k\u00E4nnetecknar en heuristik \u00E4r dels att det inte finns n\u00E5got bevis f\u00F6r att den fungerar, annars skulle den vara en deterministisk algoritm, men ocks\u00E5 att det finns en metodik bakom heuristiken som f\u00F6rb\u00E4ttrar chansen att hitta den \u00F6nskade l\u00F6sningen. Slumpm\u00E4ssiga gissningar bildar allts\u00E5 ingen heuristik. F\u00F6r att veta om en viss heuristik hj\u00E4lper eller stj\u00E4lper m\u00E5ste man testa den noga. Observera att en heuristik kan fungera olika bra f\u00F6r olika indata. Det kan finnas flera sk\u00E4l till att man anv\u00E4nder en heuristik ist\u00E4llet f\u00F6r en deterministisk algoritm: Det finns ingen k\u00E4nd algoritm f\u00F6r att l\u00F6sa ett specifikt problem, en heuristik \u00E4r det enda s\u00E4ttet att n\u00E4rma sig en l\u00F6sning. Vissa problem \u00E4r sv\u00E5ra att l\u00F6sa effektivt eller snabbt och en heuristik kan ge rimliga l\u00F6sningar. I dessa fall f\u00F6redrar man oftast att f\u00F6rs\u00F6ka hitta en l\u00F6sning som \u00E4r tillr\u00E4ckligt bra eller en l\u00F6sning \u00F6verhuvudtaget framf\u00F6r att hitta den optimala l\u00F6sningen. En bra algoritm kan vara sv\u00E5r att implementera och en heuristik kan ibland godtas f\u00F6r att den \u00E4r enkel att beskriva i ett programspr\u00E5k och \u00E4r bepr\u00F6vad, dvs heuristiken \u00E4r k\u00E4nd f\u00F6r att ge goda resultat. Det fr\u00E4msta sk\u00E4let f\u00F6r att anv\u00E4nda en heuristik i kombination med en deterministisk algoritm \u00E4r att man vill hj\u00E4lpa algoritmen p\u00E5 traven s\u00E5 att s\u00E4ga. Sofistikerade algoritmer gynnas av en heuristik om den \u00E4r tillr\u00E4ckligt snabb och enkel i j\u00E4mf\u00F6relse med algoritmen. Oftast anv\u00E4nds heuristiker i s\u00F6kalgoritmer f\u00F6r att \u00F6ka chansen att hitta en bra eller optimal l\u00F6sning snabbt eftersom m\u00E5nga problem \u00E4r NP-fullst\u00E4ndiga. Dessa kan bara l\u00F6sas genom utt\u00F6mmande s\u00F6kning vilket tar mycket l\u00E5ng tid redan f\u00F6r ganska sm\u00E5 problem. En heuristik ska inte blandas ihop med begreppet approximationsalgoritm, d\u00E5 man visserligen ger avkall p\u00E5 att ber\u00E4kna en optimal l\u00F6sning f\u00F6r ett optimeringsproblem, men har garanterat hur pass bra eller d\u00E5lig l\u00F6sningen \u00E4r."@sv , "Heuristiikka on l\u00F6yt\u00E4misen ja keksimisen tiedett\u00E4 ja taidetta. Sana tulee kreikan kielen ilmaisusta heureka, \"l\u00F6ysin\". Heuristiikka on my\u00F6s ep\u00E4formaali menetelm\u00E4 ongelmanratkaisuun. Sit\u00E4 k\u00E4ytet\u00E4\u00E4n metodina joka nopeasti johtaa yleens\u00E4 ritt\u00E4v\u00E4n l\u00E4helle parasta mahdollista lopputulosta, Heuristiikkaa ovat nyrkkis\u00E4\u00E4nn\u00F6t, akateemiset arvaukset, intuitiiviset p\u00E4\u00E4t\u00F6kset tai maalaisj\u00E4rki. Kyseess\u00E4 on valmiiden, etuk\u00E4teen mietittyjen tai hankittujen ratkaisumallien soveltaminen ongelmanratkaisussa, sek\u00E4 tietokoneohjelmissa, ett\u00E4 ihmisten p\u00E4\u00E4ss\u00E4. Yksinkertainen esimerkki heuristiikasta \"yritys ja erehdys\". Kun valitaan ruuvia laatikosta polkupy\u00F6r\u00E4remontissa, l\u00E4hinn\u00E4 sopivimman valintaan ei k\u00E4ytet\u00E4 mittareita eik\u00E4 lajittelua, vaan kokeillaan parhaalta n\u00E4ytt\u00E4v\u00E4\u00E4 vaihtoehtoa ja tarvittaessa uusitaan yritys. Yleisi\u00E4 heuristiikkoja ovat (P\u00F3lya, 1948) Yritys ja erehdys Systemaattinen vaihtoehtojen listaus Erikoistapauksien kokeileminen Ongelman variointi (helpomman ongelman ratkaiseminen, ongelman jonkin osan muuttaminen, ongelman yleist\u00E4minen) \u2018Takaperin\u2019 ajattelu Heuristiikkaa k\u00E4ytet\u00E4\u00E4n esimerkiksi: Tunkeilijan havaitsemisj\u00E4rjestelmiss\u00E4 etsim\u00E4\u00E4n poikkeuksia tietoliikenteess\u00E4 Teko\u00E4ly/Asiantuntijaj\u00E4rjestelmiss\u00E4 tietokoneessa Prospektiteorian mukaan inhimillisess\u00E4 p\u00E4\u00E4t\u00F6ksenteossa ep\u00E4varmuuden vallitessa Tietokoneohjelmien k\u00E4ytt\u00F6liittymien arvionnissa (esimerkiksi Jakob Nielsenin kuuluisat kymmenen s\u00E4\u00E4nt\u00F6\u00E4)"@fi , "A heur\u00EDstica (do greco \u03B5\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C9, heur\u00EDsko, literalmente \"descubro\" ou \"acho\") \u00E9 uma parte da epistemologia e do m\u00E9todo cient\u00EDfico. A etimologia da palavra heur\u00EDstica \u00E9 a mesma que a palavra eureka, cuja exclama\u00E7\u00E3o se atribui a Arquimedes no conhecido epis\u00F3dio da descoberta de como medir o volume de um objeto irregular utilizando \u00E1gua. A palavra heur\u00EDstica aparece em mais de uma categoria gramatical. Quando usada como substantivo, identifica a arte ou a ci\u00EAncia do descobrimento, uma disciplina suscet\u00EDvel de ser investigada formalmente. Quando aparece como adjetivo, refere-se a coisas mais concretas, como estrat\u00E9gias heur\u00EDsticas, regras heur\u00EDsticas ou silogismos e conclus\u00F5es heur\u00EDsticas. Naturalmente que estes usos est\u00E3o intimamente relacionados j\u00E1 que a heur\u00EDstica usualmente prop\u00F5e estrat\u00E9gias heur\u00EDsticas, que guiam o descobrimento."@pt , "Heuristiek (Grieks heuriskein = vinden, vergelijk heur\u00E8ka = ik heb het gevonden) is de wetenschap, de leer of de kunst van het vinden. Zij legt zich erop toe om methodisch en systematisch op uitvindingen en ontdekkingen te komen. De uitdrukking \"om ... op ... te komen\" (Latijn invenire, inventio) past in dit woordveld. Het gezegde \"zoekt en gij zult vinden\" is ontleend aan Matthe\u00FCs 7:7."@nl , "\u542F\u53D1\u6CD5\uFF08heuristics\uFF0C\u53C8\u8BD1\u4F5C\uFF1A\u7B56\u7565\u6CD5\u3001\u52A9\u53D1\u73B0\u6CD5\u3001\u542F\u53D1\u529B\uFF09"@zh , "\u042D\u0432\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0430 (\u0434\u0440. -\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0447. \u03B5\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C9 \u00AB\u043E\u0442\u044B\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044E\u00BB, \u00AB\u043E\u0442\u043A\u0440\u044B\u0432\u0430\u044E\u00BB)\u00A0\u2014 \u043D\u0430\u0443\u043A\u0430, \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0430\u044F \u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0443\u044E \u0434\u0435\u044F\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C, \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434\u044B, \u0438\u0441\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043C\u044B\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u043E\u0442\u043A\u0440\u044B\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u043D\u043E\u0432\u044B\u0445 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043F\u0442\u043E\u0432, \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043C\u043E\u0441\u0432\u044F\u0437\u0435\u0439 \u043C\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043E\u0431\u044A\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043A\u0443\u043F\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044F\u043C\u0438 \u043E\u0431\u044A\u0435\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0432, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u043E\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F. \u042D\u0432\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434\u044B (\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043E\u0435 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u044D\u0432\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438) \u043F\u043E\u0437\u0432\u043E\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044C \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438."@ru , "L'euristica (dal greco \u03B5\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C9, heur\u00EDsko, letteralmente \"scopro\" o \"trovo\") \u00E8 una parte dell'epistemologia e del metodo scientifico. \u00C8 quella parte della ricerca il cui compito \u00E8 quello di favorire l'accesso a nuovi sviluppi teorici o a scoperte empiriche. Si definisce, infatti, procedimento euristico, un metodo di approccio alla soluzione dei problemi che non segue un chiaro percorso, ma che si affida all'intuito e allo stato temporaneo delle circostanze, al fine di generare nuova conoscenza. \u00C8 opposto al procedimento algoritmico. In particolare, l'euristica di una teoria dovrebbe indicare le strade e le possibilit\u00E0 da approfondire nel tentativo di rendere una teoria progressiva, e cio\u00E8 in grado di garantirsi uno sviluppo empirico tale da prevedere fatti nuovi non noti al momento dell'elaborazione del nocciolo della teoria. Storicamente l'euristica \u00E8 stata confusa per molti secoli con la giustificazione delle scoperte empiriche; infatti, ancora con l'elaborazione teorica di Francis Bacon, lo sviluppo delle scienze veniva indicato con la possibilit\u00E0 di un elaborato teorico di sopravvivere al \"vaglio negativo dell'esperienza\". Nella sostanza, si riteneva che una teoria scientifica dovesse essere in grado di produrre ipotesi che potessero poi essere confermate o respinte dagli esperimenti. \u00C8 facile vedere come questa concezione tendesse a fornire un criterio che giustificasse a posteriori le nuove scoperte, ma che non indicava strade concrete n\u00E9 operative per conseguirle. Nel corso del XX secolo il dibattito sulla teoria della demarcazione ha portato a distinguere pi\u00F9 nettamente questi due aspetti; tuttavia, proprio questa distinzione ha portato la maggior parte del mondo scientifico a rinunciare all'elaborazione di un'unica teoria dell'euristica. A partire infatti dalla constatazione che lo sviluppo delle scienze avviene in modo diseguale e sulla base di evoluzioni di carattere molto diverso fra loro (cambiamenti teorici, risultanze empiriche impreviste, mutamenti culturali), si \u00E8 infatti per lo pi\u00F9 rinunciato a delineare un'unica teoria dell'euristica, anche in considerazione del fatto che saltuariamente nella storia della scienza si sono determinati casi di sviluppo teorico e scientifico a seguito di presupposti errati o apparentemente irrazionali (un esempio tipico pu\u00F2 essere offerto dagli studi di Camillo Golgi che studi\u00F2 come confutare la natura neuronale del sistema nervoso umano e fin\u00EC col confermarla). Oggi, pertanto, gli studi sull'euristica vengono piuttosto concentrati \"all'interno\" delle singole scienze o teorie; si pu\u00F2 cos\u00EC parlare di un'euristica, ad esempio, della matematica o della biologia. L'euristica delle scienze in generale rimane, invece, una questione solamente teorica o terminologica, nel senso che ben difficilmente vengono avanzate proposte di euristiche cos\u00EC generali se non ad un livello di astrazione tale da renderle operativamente poco rilevanti."@it , "Heuristique (du grec ancien \u03B5\u1F51\u03C1\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C9, eurisko, \u00AB je trouve \u00BB) est un terme de didactique qui signifie l'art d'inventer, de faire des d\u00E9couvertes (Littr\u00E9). En sociologie, il s'agit d'une discipline qui se propose de d\u00E9gager les r\u00E8gles de la recherche scientifique (Larousse). En optimisation combinatoire, Th\u00E9orie des graphes et Th\u00E9orie de la complexit\u00E9, une heuristique est un algorithme qui fournit rapidement une solution r\u00E9alisable, pas n\u00E9cessairement optimale, pour un probl\u00E8me d'optimisation NP-difficile. Une heuristique, ou m\u00E9thode approximative, est donc le contraire d'un algorithme exact qui trouve une solution optimale pour un probl\u00E8me donn\u00E9. Les algorithmes de r\u00E9solution exacts \u00E9tant de complexit\u00E9 exponentielle, il est g\u00E9n\u00E9ralement plus judicieux de faire appel \u00E0 des m\u00E9thodes heuristiques pour des probl\u00E8mes difficiles. On retiendra cependant que des m\u00E9thodes de r\u00E9solution exactes sont de complexit\u00E9 exponentielle mais parfois plus efficaces en pratique qu'une m\u00E9thode heuristique. L'usage d'une heuristique est pertinente pour calculer une solution approch\u00E9e d'un probl\u00E8me et ainsi acc\u00E9l\u00E9rer le processus de r\u00E9solution exacte. G\u00E9n\u00E9ralement une heuristique est con\u00E7ue pour un probl\u00E8me particulier, en s'appuyant sur sa structure propre, mais les approches peuvent contenir des principes plus g\u00E9n\u00E9raux. On parle de m\u00E9taheuristique pour les m\u00E9thodes approximatives g\u00E9n\u00E9rales, pouvant s'appliquer \u00E0 diff\u00E9rents probl\u00E8mes (comme le recuit simul\u00E9 par exemple). La qualit\u00E9 d'une heuristique peut s'\u00E9valuer selon deux crit\u00E8res scientifiques : Crit\u00E8re pratique, ou empirique : on impl\u00E9mente l'algorithme approximatif et on \u00E9value la qualit\u00E9 de ses solutions par-rapport aux solutions optimales (ou aux meilleures solutions connues). Ceci passe par la mise en place d'un banc d'essai (en anglais benchmark, ensemble d'instances d'un m\u00EAme probl\u00E8me accessible \u00E0 tous). Crit\u00E8re math\u00E9matique : il faut d\u00E9montrer que l'heuristique garantit des performances. La garantie la plus solide est celle des algorithmes approch\u00E9s, sinon il est int\u00E9ressant de d\u00E9montrer une garantie probabiliste, lorsque l'heuristique fournit souvent, mais pas toujours, de bonnes solutions. C'est un fait que ces deux crit\u00E8res peuvent \u00EAtre contradictoires. Un exemple frappant est celui du transversal minimum. L'algorithme 2-approch\u00E9 pour ce probl\u00E8me est dans une imposante majorit\u00E9 des cas nettement moins efficace que l'heuristique des plus hauts degr\u00E9s. Celle-ci consiste \u00E0 former une solution r\u00E9alisable en s\u00E9lectionnant \u00E0 chaque it\u00E9ration le sommet couvrant un maximum de sommets. Cette heuristique peut pourtant fournir des solutions aussi mauvaises que l'on veut, dans le sens que pour tout <math> \\rho > 1 </math> on peut construire une instance pour laquelle l'heuristique donne une solution dont la valeur est sup\u00E9rieure \u00E0 <math> \\rho </math> fois celle de l'optimum. Ironiquement, la principale difficult\u00E9 de la r\u00E9solution exacte d'un probl\u00E8me d'optimisation combinatoire est non pas de trouver une solution optimale, ce qui souvent arrive assez rapidement lors du processus de r\u00E9solution, mais de d\u00E9montrer qu'une solution est bien la meilleure possible, c'est-\u00E0-dire de r\u00E9aliser que l'on a la solution optimale. Le crit\u00E8re math\u00E9matique est surtout important car l'information qu'il donne est exploitable dans un processus de r\u00E9solution exacte. Par-exemple, si l'heuristique 2-approch\u00E9e pour le transversal minimum donne une solution r\u00E9alisable de valeur 100, on sait que la valeur de la solution optimale est au minimum 50, on peut donc stopper un processus d'\u00E9num\u00E9ration d\u00E8s que l'on poss\u00E8de une solution r\u00E9alisable atteignant cette borne. Dans ce contexte il devient motivant d'\u00E9laborer l'algorithme 2-approch\u00E9 le plus mauvais qui soit, donnant la solution la plus \u00E9loign\u00E9e de l'optimum, pour prouver une meilleure borne. On utilise donc un couplage maximum, alors qu'un couplage maximal suffit, pour cet algorithme 2-approch\u00E9. Pour r\u00E9sumer l'heuristique est la logique d'esprit d'un algorithme."@fr , "\u30D2\u30E5\u30FC\u30EA\u30B9\u30C6\u30A3\u30C3\u30AF\uFF08\u82F1: heuristic, \u72EC: Heuristik\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u5FC5\u305A\u6B63\u3057\u3044\u7B54\u3048\u304C\u5C0E\u3051\u308B\u308F\u3051\u3067\u306F\u306A\u3044\u304C\u3001\u3042\u308B\u7A0B\u5EA6\u306E\u30EC\u30D9\u30EB\u3067\u6B63\u89E3\u306B\u8FD1\u3044\u89E3\u3092\u5F97\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u51FA\u6765\u308B\u65B9\u6CD5\u3002\u7B54\u3048\u306E\u7CBE\u5EA6\u306F\u4FDD\u969C\u3055\u308C\u306A\u3044\u304C\u3001\u56DE\u7B54\u306B\u81F3\u308B\u307E\u3067\u306E\u6642\u9593\u304C\u5C11\u306A\u304F\u3066\u3059\u3080\u3002\u4E3B\u306B\u8A08\u7B97\u6A5F\u79D1\u5B66\u3068\u5FC3\u7406\u5B66\u306E\u4E16\u754C\u3067\u4F7F\u308F\u308C\u308B\u8A9E\u3002\u3069\u3061\u3089\u306E\u5206\u91CE\u3067\u306E\u7528\u6CD5\u3082\u6839\u672C\u7684\u306A\u610F\u5473\u306F\u4E00\u7DD2\u3060\u304C\u3001\u6307\u793A\u5BFE\u8C61\u304C\u9055\u3046\u3002\u8A08\u7B97\u6A5F\u79D1\u5B66\u3067\u306F\u30D7\u30ED\u30B0\u30E9\u30DF\u30F3\u30B0\u306E\u65B9\u6CD5\u3092\u3001\u5FC3\u7406\u5B66\u3067\u306F\u4EBA\u9593\u306E\u601D\u8003\u65B9\u6CD5\u3092\u6307\u3057\u3066\u4F7F\u308F\u308C\u308B\u3002 heuristic\u3001Heuristik \u306E\u76F4\u8A33\u306F\u300C\u767A\u898B\u7684\u300D\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja , "Se denomina heur\u00EDstica a la capacidad de un sistema para realizar de forma inmediata innovaciones positivas para sus fines. La capacidad heur\u00EDstica es un rasgo caracter\u00EDstico de los humanos, desde cuyo punto de vista puede describirse como el arte y la ciencia del descubrimiento y de la invenci\u00F3n o de resolver problemas mediante la creatividad y el pensamiento lateral o pensamiento divergente. La palabra heur\u00EDstica procede del t\u00E9rmino griego \u03B5\u1F51\u03C1\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03B5\u03B9\u03BD, que significa \u00ABhallar, inventar\u00BB (etimolog\u00EDa que comparte con eureka). La palabra heur\u00EDstica aparece en m\u00E1s de una categor\u00EDa gramatical. Cuando se usa como sustantivo, identifica el arte o la ciencia del descubrimiento, una disciplina susceptible de ser investigada formalmente. Cuando aparece como adjetivo, se refiere a cosas m\u00E1s concretas, como estrategias heur\u00EDsticas, reglas heur\u00EDsticas o silogismos y conclusiones heur\u00EDsticas. Claro est\u00E1 que estos dos usos est\u00E1n \u00EDntimamente relacionados ya que la heur\u00EDstica usualmente propone estrategias heur\u00EDsticas que gu\u00EDan el descubrimiento. La popularizaci\u00F3n del concepto se debe al matem\u00E1tico George P\u00F3lya, con su libro C\u00F3mo resolverlo (How to solve it). Habiendo estudiado tantas pruebas matem\u00E1ticas desde su juventud, quer\u00EDa saber c\u00F3mo los matem\u00E1ticos llegan a ellas. El libro contiene la clase de recetas heur\u00EDsticas que trataba de ense\u00F1ar a sus alumnos de matem\u00E1ticas. Cuatro ejemplos extra\u00EDdos de \u00E9l ilustran el concepto mejor que ninguna definici\u00F3n: Si no consigues entender un problema, dibuja un esquema. Si no encuentras la soluci\u00F3n, haz como si ya la tuvieras y mira qu\u00E9 puedes deducir de ella (razonando hacia atr\u00E1s a la inversa). Si el problema es abstracto, prueba a examinar un ejemplo concreto. Intenta abordar primero un problema m\u00E1s general ."@es , "Heurystyka (gr. heurisko \u2013 znajduj\u0119) \u2013 w j\u0119zyku logiki umiej\u0119tno\u015B\u0107 wykrywania nowych fakt\u00F3w oraz znajdywania zwi\u0105zk\u00F3w mi\u0119dzy faktami, zw\u0142aszcza z wykorzystaniem hipotez. Na podstawie istniej\u0105cej wiedzy stawia si\u0119 hipotezy, kt\u00F3rych nie trzeba udowadnia\u0107."@pl , "Heuristikk (gresk \u03B5\u03CD\u03C1\u03B7\u03C3\u03B9\u03C2 = \u00ABoppdagelse\u00BB) er l\u00E6ren om hvordan man best oppn\u00E5r og lagrer kunnskap, og er en gren av filosofien. Heuristikken beskjeftiger seg med metodene som kan eller b\u00F8r brukes for \u00E5 oppn\u00E5 ny erkjennelse, for \u00E5 l\u00F8se problemer og for \u00E5 beskrive disse metodene. Heuristikk er dermed beslektet med metodologi og vitenskapsteori. Adjektivet heuristisk betegner tilsvarende en lettilgjengelig fremstilling av et tema, eller at ett perspektiv har et st\u00F8rre potensial for \u00E5 belyse strukturen av et problem enn et annet. I informatikken brukes heuristisk om algoritmer som \u00ABtenker selv\u00BB. Et heuristisk viruss\u00F8k \u00ABantar\u00BB f. eks. at ukjente programmer som ligner p\u00E5 kjente datavirus, ogs\u00E5 er virus."@no , "Hom denomina heur\u00EDstica la capacitat d'un sistema per a realitzar de forma immediata innovacions positives per als seus fins. La capacitat heur\u00EDstica \u00E9s un tret caracter\u00EDstic dels humans. Des d'aquest punt de vista del qual pot descriure's com l'art i la ci\u00E8ncia del descobriment i de la invenci\u00F3 o de resoldre problemes per mitj\u00E0 de la creativitat i el pensament lateral o pensament divergent. L'etimologia d'\"heur\u00EDstica\" \u00E9s la mateixa que la de la paraula eureka, l'exclamaci\u00F3 que hom atribueix a Arquimedes en un episodi tan fam\u00F3s com ap\u00F2crif. La paraula \"heur\u00EDstica\" apareix en m\u00E9s d'una categoria gramatical. Quan s'usa com substantiu, identifica l'art o la ci\u00E8ncia del descobriment, una disciplina susceptibe de ser investigada formalment. Quan apareix com adjectiu, es refereix a coses m\u00E9s concretes, com estrat\u00E8gies heur\u00EDstiques, regles heur\u00EDstiques o sil\u00B7logismes i conclusions heur\u00EDstiques. \u00C9s evident que aquests dos usos estan \u00EDntimament relacionats ja que l'heur\u00EDstica usualment proposa estrat\u00E8gies heur\u00EDstiques que guien el descobriment. La popularitzaci\u00F3 del concepte es deu al matem\u00E0tic George P\u00F3lya, amb el seu llibre Com resoldre-ho (How to solve it). Havent estudiat un munt de demostracions matem\u00E0tiques des de la seua joventut, volia saber com els matem\u00E0tics hi arriben. El llibre cont\u00E9 la classe de receptes heur\u00EDstiques que tractava d'ensenyar als seus alumnes de matem\u00E0tiques. Quatre exemples extrets d'ell il\u00B7lustren el concepte millor que no cap definici\u00F3: Si no aconsegueixes entendre un problema, dibuixa un esquema. Si no trobes la soluci\u00F3, fes com si ja la tingueres i mira a veure qu\u00E8 pots deduir d'ella (raonant cap enrere). Si el problema \u00E9s abstracte, prova a examinar un exemple concret. Intenta abordar primer un problema m\u00E9s general ."@ca , "Heuristik (altgr. \u03B5\u1F51\u03C1\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C9 heur\u00EDsko \u201Eich finde\u201C; heuriskein, \u201Efinden\u201C, \u201Eentdecken\u201C) bezeichnet die Kunst, mit begrenztem Wissen und wenig Zeit zu guten L\u00F6sungen zu kommen."@de , "\u0415\u0432\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0430 (\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0446. heurisko \u2014 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0436\u0443, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0448\u0443\u043A\u0443\u044E, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043A\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044E) \u2014 \u043D\u0430\u0443\u043A\u0430, \u044F\u043A\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0432\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0447\u0443 \u0434\u0456\u044F\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C, \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434\u0438, \u044F\u043A\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0443\u044E\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043A\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0456 \u043D\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0456 \u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0432\u0447\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0456. \u0415\u0432\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0456 \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434\u0438 (\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438) \u0434\u043E\u0437\u0432\u043E\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0442\u044C \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0446\u0435\u0441 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0448\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0456. \u0417\u043D\u0430\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0456\u043D\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441 \u0434\u043E \u0457\u0445 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0432\u0438\u043D\u0438\u043A \u0443 \u0437\u0432\u044F\u0437\u043A\u0443 \u0437 \u043C\u043E\u0436\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044E \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0448\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0440\u044F\u0434\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447 (\u0440\u043E\u0437\u043F\u0456\u0437\u043D\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043E\u0431\u0454\u043A\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u0434\u043E\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0435\u043C \u0456 \u0442. \u0434. ), \u0432 \u044F\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u043B\u044E\u0434\u0438\u043D\u0430 \u043D\u0435 \u043C\u043E\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043B\u0433\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043C \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0448\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F, \u0437 \u0434\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0433\u043E\u044E \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043D\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043E\u0431\u0456\u0432. \u041C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u044E \u0415\u0432\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u0454 \u043F\u043E\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430 \u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0439 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0448\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u044F\u043A\u043E\u0457-\u043D\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0434\u044C \u043D\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0457 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0456. \u0406\u0441\u043D\u0443\u044E\u0442\u044C \u043D\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043F\u043D\u0456 \u0442\u0438\u043F\u0438 \u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0435\u0439: \u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u043B\u044C \u0441\u043B\u0456\u043F\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u043E\u0448\u0443\u043A\u0443, \u044F\u043A\u0430 \u0441\u043F\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A \u0437\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0431 \u0456 \u043F\u043E\u043C\u0438\u043B\u043E\u043A; \u043B\u0430\u0431\u0456\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0442\u043D\u0430 \u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u043B\u044C, \u0432 \u044F\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0448\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0433\u043B\u044F\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u044F\u043A \u043B\u0430\u0431\u0456\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0442, \u0430 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0446\u0435\u0441 \u043F\u043E\u0448\u0443\u043A\u0443 \u0440\u0456\u0448\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u2014 \u044F\u043A \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0445\u0456\u0434 \u043F\u043E \u043B\u0430\u0431\u0456\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0442\u0443; \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043D\u043E-\u0441\u0435\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0430 \u043C\u043E\u0434\u0435\u043B\u044C, \u044F\u043A\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0445\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u043D\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043D\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0456\u043B\u044C\u0448 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u043D\u043E\u044E \u0456 \u044F\u043A\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454 \u0441\u0435\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0448\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043C\u0456\u0436 \u043E\u0431\u0454\u043A\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438, \u044F\u043A\u0456 \u0441\u043A\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044E\u0442\u044C \u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0456. \u0415\u0432\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u0432\u044F\u0437\u0430\u043D\u0430 \u0437 \u043F\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0454\u044E, \u0444\u0456\u0437\u0456\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0454\u044E \u0432\u0438\u0449\u043E\u0457 \u043D\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0457 \u0434\u0456\u044F\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0456, \u043A\u0456\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043D\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043A\u043E\u044E \u0456 \u0442. \u0434. \u0415\u0432\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438\u2014 \u0441\u043E\u043A\u0443\u043F\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434\u0456\u0432 \u043F\u043E\u0448\u0443\u043A\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0448\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0456 \u0441\u043F\u043E\u0441\u0456\u0431 \u043D\u0430\u0432\u0447\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F, \u044F\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043E\u0457 \u043F\u043E\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043A\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0421\u043E\u043A\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0457 \u043C\u0430\u0454\u0432\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438"@uk , "Heuristic is an adjective for experience-based techniques that help in problem solving, learning and discovery. A heuristic method is particularly used to rapidly come to a solution that is hoped to be close to the best possible answer, or 'optimal solution'. Heuristics are \"rules of thumb\", educated guesses, intuitive judgments or simply common sense. Heuristics as a noun is another name for heuristic methods. In more precise terms, heuristics stand for strategies using readily accessible, though loosely applicable, information to control problem solving in human beings and machines."@en , "Heurisztika g\u00F6r. heureszisz (r\u00E1tal\u00E1l\u00E1s) sz\u00F3b\u00F3l sz\u00E1rmazik. Az \u00FAj igazs\u00E1gok m\u00F3dszeres f\u00F6lfedez\u00E9s\u00E9nek m\u0171v\u00E9szete, az a folyamat, amelynek sor\u00E1n nem szigor\u00FAan szabatos logikai k\u00F6vetkeztet\u00E9ssel jutunk el a premissz\u00E1kt\u00F3l a konkl\u00FAzi\u00F3ig, \u00E1m az eredm\u00E9ny helyes lesz. M\u00E1sk\u00E9ppen: az egy\u00E9rtelm\u0171 algoritmusok helyett pr\u00F3b\u00E1lkoz\u00E1sokkal, kor\u00E1bban megszerzett tapasztalatok felhaszn\u00E1l\u00E1s\u00E1val m\u0171k\u00F6d\u0151 feladatmegold\u00E1si m\u00F3dszer."@hu , "Heuristika je pojem poch\u00E1zej\u00EDc\u00ED z \u0159e\u010Dtiny (e\u00FAr\u00EDsk\u00F3, \u03B5\u03CD\u03C1\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C9, \u010Des. sledovat, hledat n\u011Bco, sna\u017Eit se nal\u00E9zt) a znamenaj\u00EDc\u00ED v p\u0159enesen\u00E9m smyslu \u201Eum\u011Bn\u00ED objevovat\u201C. Je to metoda, pomoc\u00ED kter\u00E9 se \u0159e\u0161\u00ED probl\u00E9my neobvykl\u00FDm zp\u016Fsobem. Vyu\u017E\u00EDv\u00E1 se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm jako technika, p\u0159i kter\u00E9 se \u010Dasto velice rychle najde velk\u00E9 mno\u017Estv\u00ED \u0159e\u0161en\u00ED, z nich\u017E je vybr\u00E1no to nejlep\u0161\u00ED mo\u017En\u00E9. Heuristika jsou \u201Ehrub\u00E9 odhady\u201C, p\u0159ev\u00E1\u017En\u011B na z\u00E1klad\u011B zku\u0161enost\u00ED, p\u0159\u00EDpadn\u011B intuitivn\u00ED domn\u011Bnky nebo, jednodu\u0161e \u0159e\u010Deno, tak\u00E9 prost\u00E9 \u201Epou\u017Eit\u00ED rozumu\u201C. V mnoha odborn\u00FDch term\u00EDnech se heuristika vysv\u011Btluje jako pou\u017Eit\u00ED lehce dostupn\u00E9 strategie, t\u0159eba\u017Ee voln\u011B aplikovateln\u00E9, nebo znalosti pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ED probl\u00E9m\u016F a n\u00E1slednou kontrolu lidsk\u00FDmi bytostmi nebo stroji."@cs ; rdfs:comment "Hom denomina heur\u00EDstica la capacitat d'un sistema per a realitzar de forma immediata innovacions positives per als seus fins. La capacitat heur\u00EDstica \u00E9s un tret caracter\u00EDstic dels humans. Des d'aquest punt de vista del qual pot descriure's com l'art i la ci\u00E8ncia del descobriment i de la invenci\u00F3 o de resoldre problemes per mitj\u00E0 de la creativitat i el pensament lateral o pensament divergent."@ca , "Heuristic is an adjective for experience-based techniques that help in problem solving, learning and discovery. A heuristic method is particularly used to rapidly come to a solution that is hoped to be close to the best possible answer, or 'optimal solution'. Heuristics are \"rules of thumb\", educated guesses, intuitive judgments or simply common sense. Heuristics as a noun is another name for heuristic methods."@en , "Heuristiek (Grieks heuriskein = vinden, vergelijk heur\u00E8ka = ik heb het gevonden) is de wetenschap, de leer of de kunst van het vinden. Zij legt zich erop toe om methodisch en systematisch op uitvindingen en ontdekkingen te komen. De uitdrukking \"om ... op ... te komen\" (Latijn invenire, inventio) past in dit woordveld. Het gezegde \"zoekt en gij zult vinden\" is ontleend aan Matthe\u00FCs 7:7."@nl , "\u042D\u0432\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0430 (\u0434\u0440. -\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0447. \u03B5\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C9 \u00AB\u043E\u0442\u044B\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044E\u00BB, \u00AB\u043E\u0442\u043A\u0440\u044B\u0432\u0430\u044E\u00BB)\u00A0\u2014 \u043D\u0430\u0443\u043A\u0430, \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0430\u044F \u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0443\u044E \u0434\u0435\u044F\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044C, \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434\u044B, \u0438\u0441\u043F\u043E\u043B\u044C\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043C\u044B\u0435 \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u043E\u0442\u043A\u0440\u044B\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u043D\u043E\u0432\u044B\u0445 \u043A\u043E\u043D\u0446\u0435\u043F\u0442\u043E\u0432, \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043C\u043E\u0441\u0432\u044F\u0437\u0435\u0439 \u043C\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043E\u0431\u044A\u0435\u043A\u0442\u0430\u043C\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043E\u0432\u043E\u043A\u0443\u043F\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0442\u044F\u043C\u0438 \u043E\u0431\u044A\u0435\u043A\u0442\u043E\u0432, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434\u0438\u043A\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u043E\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F."@ru , "L'euristica (dal greco \u03B5\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C9, heur\u00EDsko, letteralmente \"scopro\" o \"trovo\") \u00E8 una parte dell'epistemologia e del metodo scientifico. \u00C8 quella parte della ricerca il cui compito \u00E8 quello di favorire l'accesso a nuovi sviluppi teorici o a scoperte empiriche."@it , "Heuristika je pojem poch\u00E1zej\u00EDc\u00ED z \u0159e\u010Dtiny (e\u00FAr\u00EDsk\u00F3, \u03B5\u03CD\u03C1\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C9, \u010Des. sledovat, hledat n\u011Bco, sna\u017Eit se nal\u00E9zt) a znamenaj\u00EDc\u00ED v p\u0159enesen\u00E9m smyslu \u201Eum\u011Bn\u00ED objevovat\u201C. Je to metoda, pomoc\u00ED kter\u00E9 se \u0159e\u0161\u00ED probl\u00E9my neobvykl\u00FDm zp\u016Fsobem. Vyu\u017E\u00EDv\u00E1 se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm jako technika, p\u0159i kter\u00E9 se \u010Dasto velice rychle najde velk\u00E9 mno\u017Estv\u00ED \u0159e\u0161en\u00ED, z nich\u017E je vybr\u00E1no to nejlep\u0161\u00ED mo\u017En\u00E9."@cs , "Heurisztika g\u00F6r. heureszisz (r\u00E1tal\u00E1l\u00E1s) sz\u00F3b\u00F3l sz\u00E1rmazik. Az \u00FAj igazs\u00E1gok m\u00F3dszeres f\u00F6lfedez\u00E9s\u00E9nek m\u0171v\u00E9szete, az a folyamat, amelynek sor\u00E1n nem szigor\u00FAan szabatos logikai k\u00F6vetkeztet\u00E9ssel jutunk el a premissz\u00E1kt\u00F3l a konkl\u00FAzi\u00F3ig, \u00E1m az eredm\u00E9ny helyes lesz. M\u00E1sk\u00E9ppen: az egy\u00E9rtelm\u0171 algoritmusok helyett pr\u00F3b\u00E1lkoz\u00E1sokkal, kor\u00E1bban megszerzett tapasztalatok felhaszn\u00E1l\u00E1s\u00E1val m\u0171k\u00F6d\u0151 feladatmegold\u00E1si m\u00F3dszer."@hu , "Heuristik anv\u00E4nds inom datavetenskap och matematik f\u00F6r att beteckna ett s\u00E4tt att g\u00F6ra smarta gissningar som hj\u00E4lper till att hitta l\u00F6sningar till ett problem. Sj\u00E4lva heuristiken garanterar inte en korrekt eller optimal l\u00F6sning men den kan vara ett bra till\u00E4gg till en deterministisk algoritm."@sv , "Heurystyka (gr. heurisko \u2013 znajduj\u0119) \u2013 w j\u0119zyku logiki umiej\u0119tno\u015B\u0107 wykrywania nowych fakt\u00F3w oraz znajdywania zwi\u0105zk\u00F3w mi\u0119dzy faktami, zw\u0142aszcza z wykorzystaniem hipotez. Na podstawie istniej\u0105cej wiedzy stawia si\u0119 hipotezy, kt\u00F3rych nie trzeba udowadnia\u0107."@pl , "A heur\u00EDstica (do greco \u03B5\u03C5\u03C1\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C9, heur\u00EDsko, literalmente \"descubro\" ou \"acho\") \u00E9 uma parte da epistemologia e do m\u00E9todo cient\u00EDfico. A etimologia da palavra heur\u00EDstica \u00E9 a mesma que a palavra eureka, cuja exclama\u00E7\u00E3o se atribui a Arquimedes no conhecido epis\u00F3dio da descoberta de como medir o volume de um objeto irregular utilizando \u00E1gua. A palavra heur\u00EDstica aparece em mais de uma categoria gramatical."@pt , "Heuristiikka on l\u00F6yt\u00E4misen ja keksimisen tiedett\u00E4 ja taidetta. Sana tulee kreikan kielen ilmaisusta heureka, \"l\u00F6ysin\". Heuristiikka on my\u00F6s ep\u00E4formaali menetelm\u00E4 ongelmanratkaisuun. Sit\u00E4 k\u00E4ytet\u00E4\u00E4n metodina joka nopeasti johtaa yleens\u00E4 ritt\u00E4v\u00E4n l\u00E4helle parasta mahdollista lopputulosta, Heuristiikkaa ovat nyrkkis\u00E4\u00E4nn\u00F6t, akateemiset arvaukset, intuitiiviset p\u00E4\u00E4t\u00F6kset tai maalaisj\u00E4rki."@fi , ""@ja , "\u542F\u53D1\u6CD5\uFF08heuristics\uFF0C\u53C8\u8BD1\u4F5C\uFF1A\u7B56\u7565\u6CD5\u3001\u52A9\u53D1\u73B0\u6CD5\u3001\u542F\u53D1\u529B\uFF09"@zh , "\u0415\u0432\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0430 (\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0446. heurisko \u2014 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0436\u0443, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0448\u0443\u043A\u0443\u044E, \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043A\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044E) \u2014 \u043D\u0430\u0443\u043A\u0430, \u044F\u043A\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0432\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u0442\u0432\u043E\u0440\u0447\u0443 \u0434\u0456\u044F\u043B\u044C\u043D\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044C, \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434\u0438, \u044F\u043A\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0432\u0443\u044E\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043A\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0456 \u043D\u043E\u0432\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0456 \u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0432\u0447\u0430\u043D\u043D\u0456. \u0415\u0432\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043D\u0456 \u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434\u0438 (\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 \u043D\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438) \u0434\u043E\u0437\u0432\u043E\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0442\u044C \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0446\u0435\u0441 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0448\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0456."@uk , "Heuristikk (gresk \u03B5\u03CD\u03C1\u03B7\u03C3\u03B9\u03C2 = \u00ABoppdagelse\u00BB) er l\u00E6ren om hvordan man best oppn\u00E5r og lagrer kunnskap, og er en gren av filosofien. Heuristikken beskjeftiger seg med metodene som kan eller b\u00F8r brukes for \u00E5 oppn\u00E5 ny erkjennelse, for \u00E5 l\u00F8se problemer og for \u00E5 beskrive disse metodene. Heuristikk er dermed beslektet med metodologi og vitenskapsteori."@no , "Heuristik (altgr. \u03B5\u1F51\u03C1\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C9 heur\u00EDsko \u201Eich finde\u201C; heuriskein, \u201Efinden\u201C, \u201Eentdecken\u201C) bezeichnet die Kunst, mit begrenztem Wissen und wenig Zeit zu guten L\u00F6sungen zu kommen."@de , "Se denomina heur\u00EDstica a la capacidad de un sistema para realizar de forma inmediata innovaciones positivas para sus fines. La capacidad heur\u00EDstica es un rasgo caracter\u00EDstico de los humanos, desde cuyo punto de vista puede describirse como el arte y la ciencia del descubrimiento y de la invenci\u00F3n o de resolver problemas mediante la creatividad y el pensamiento lateral o pensamiento divergente."@es , "Heuristique (du grec ancien \u03B5\u1F51\u03C1\u03AF\u03C3\u03BA\u03C9, eurisko, \u00AB je trouve \u00BB) est un terme de didactique qui signifie l'art d'inventer, de faire des d\u00E9couvertes (Littr\u00E9). En sociologie, il s'agit d'une discipline qui se propose de d\u00E9gager les r\u00E8gles de la recherche scientifique (Larousse)."@fr . @prefix skos: . @prefix ns8: . dbpedia:Heuristic skos:subject ns8:Heuristics , ns8:Problem_solving . @prefix ns9: . dbpedia:Heuristic dbpprop:wikiPageUsesTemplate ns9:citations_missing ; dbpprop:date "September 2007"@en . @prefix ns10: . dbpedia:Heuristic dbpprop:hasPhotoCollection ns10:Heuristic . dbpedia:Heuristical dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Heuristic . dbpedia:Heuristics dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Heuristic . dbpedia:HEURISTIC dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Heuristic . dbpedia:Heurisitc dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Heuristic . dbpedia:Hueristic dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Heuristic . dbpedia:Heuristically dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Heuristic . dbpedia:HEURISTIC_SEARCH dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Heuristic . dbpedia:Heuristo dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Heuristic .