@prefix dbpprop: .
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dbpedia:Ludwig_Wittgenstein dbpprop:mainInterests dbpedia:Epistemology .
dbpedia:Al-Farabi dbpprop:mainInterests dbpedia:Epistemology .
dbpedia:Alfred_Jules_Ayer dbpprop:mainInterests dbpedia:Epistemology .
dbpedia:Carneades dbpprop:mainInterests dbpedia:Epistemology .
dbpedia:David_Hume dbpprop:mainInterests dbpedia:Epistemology .
dbpedia:Ernst_Mach dbpprop:mainInterests dbpedia:Epistemology .
dbpedia:Speusippus dbpprop:mainInterests dbpedia:Epistemology .
dbpedia:Heraclitus dbpprop:mainInterests dbpedia:Epistemology .
dbpedia:Hilary_Putnam dbpprop:mainInterests dbpedia:Epistemology .
dbpedia:Imre_Lakatos dbpprop:mainInterests dbpedia:Epistemology .
dbpedia:John_Dewey dbpprop:mainInterests dbpedia:Epistemology .
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dbpedia:Maurice_Merleau-Ponty dbpprop:mainInterests dbpedia:Epistemology .
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dbpedia:Friedrich_Wilhelm_Joseph_Schelling dbpprop:mainInterests dbpedia:Epistemology .
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dbpedia:Epistemologic dbpprop:redirect dbpedia:Epistemology .
dbpedia:Errol_Harris dbpprop:mainInterests dbpedia:Epistemology .
dbpedia:Giovanni_Piana dbpprop:mainInterests dbpedia:Epistemology .
dbpedia:Edmund_Husserl dbpprop:mainInterests dbpedia:Epistemology .
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dbpedia:Epistemology rdf:type opencyc:Mx4rvVi3N5wpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA .
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dbpedia:Epistemology owl:sameAs ns5:Mx4rWDLsSsQzEdaAAAACs0uFOQ ,
opencyc:Mx4rWDLsSsQzEdaAAAACs0uFOQ ,
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dbpedia:Epistemology foaf:page ns7:Epistemology ;
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dbpedia:Epistemology dbpprop:reference ns8:epistemology ,
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@prefix rdfs: .
dbpedia:Epistemology rdfs:label "Gnoseologia"@it ,
"Gnozeologie"@cs ,
"Erkenntnistheorie"@de ,
"Ismeretelm\u00E9let"@hu ,
"Epistemoloji"@tr ,
"Tietoteoria"@fi ,
"Epistemology"@en ,
"Th\u00E9orie de la connaissance"@fr ,
"Gnoseolog\u00EDa"@es ,
"\u042D\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u044F"@ru ,
"Kennistheorie"@nl ,
"\u0415\u043F\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u044F"@uk ,
"Epistemologie"@ro ,
"Epistemologia"@pt ,
"Kunskapsteori"@sv ,
"Epistemologia"@ca ,
"\u8A8D\u8B58\u8AD6"@ja ,
"Erkjennelsesteori"@no ,
"Epistemologia"@pl ,
"\u77E5\u8BC6\u8BBA"@zh .
@prefix dbpedia-owl: .
dbpedia:Epistemology dbpedia-owl:thumbnail ;
dbpprop:abstract "\u8A8D\u8B58\u8AD6\uFF08\u306B\u3093\u3057\u304D\u308D\u3093\u3001Epistemology\uFF09\u306F\u54F2\u5B66\u306E\u4E00\u90E8\u9580\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002\u77E5\u8B58\u8AD6\u3068\u3082\u547C\u3070\u308C\u308B\u3002\u8A9E\u6E90\u306F\u30AE\u30EA\u30B7\u30E3\u8A9E\u306E \u00E9pist\u00E9m\u00EA + logos \u3002\u771F\u7406\u3084\u77E5\u8B58\u306E\u6027\u8CEA\u30FB\u8D77\u6E90\u30FB\u7BC4\u56F2\uFF08\u4EBA\u304C\u7406\u89E3\u3067\u304D\u308B\u9650\u754C\u306A\u3069\uFF09\u306B\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8003\u5BDF\u3059\u308B\u3002\u65E5\u672C\u3067\u306F\u8A8D\u8B58\u306E\u8A33\u8A9E\u304B\u3089\u304B\u3001\u4EBA\u30FB\u4EBA\u9593\u3092\u8003\u616E\u3057\u305F\u5834\u5408\u3092\u4E3B\u306B\u6271\u3046\u304C\u3001\u306A\u304A\u3001\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u3067\u306F\u30A8\u30D4\u30B9\u30C6\u30E2\u30ED\u30B8\u30FC\uFF08\u00C9pist\u00E9mologie\uFF09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5206\u91CE\u304C\u3042\u308B\u304C\u3001\u3053\u308C\u306F\u8A8D\u8B58\u8AD6\u3092\u8868\u3059\u308F\u3051\u3067\u306F\u306A\u304F\u3001\u3080\u3057\u308D20\u4E16\u7D00\u306B\u30D5\u30E9\u30F3\u30B9\u3067\u751F\u307E\u308C\u305F\u79D1\u5B66\u54F2\u5B66\u306E\u4E00\u3064\u306E\u65B9\u6CD5\u8AD6\u306A\u3044\u3057\u7406\u8AD6\u3067\u3042\u308A\u3001\u65E5\u672C\u8A9E\u3067\u306F\u79D1\u5B66\u8A8D\u8B58\u8AD6\u3068\u3082\u8A33\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3002"@ja ,
"Gnoseologie (z \u0159eck\u00E9ho \u03B3\u03BD\u1FF6\u03C3\u03B9\u03C2 gn\u00F3sis pozn\u00E1n\u00ED + \u03BB\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03C2 logos slovo, \u0159e\u010D), v anglosask\u00E9 literatu\u0159e obvykle epistemologie (z \u0159ec. \u03AD\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B7 epist\u00E9m\u00E9 znalost, schopnost) \u010Di noetika (z \u0159ec. \u03BD\u03BF\u03AE\u03BC\u03B1 no\u00E9ma my\u0161lenka) je filozofick\u00E1 disciplina, kter\u00E1 zkoum\u00E1 lidsk\u00E9 pozn\u00E1n\u00ED, jeho vznik, proces a p\u0159edm\u011Bt."@cs ,
"Tietoteoria on filosofian osa-alue, jossa tutkitaan k\u00E4sitteellisin, filosofisin menetelmin tietoa koskevia yleisi\u00E4 kysymyksi\u00E4, kuten tiedon mahdollisuutta, luonnetta, alkuper\u00E4\u00E4 ja rajoja sek\u00E4 k\u00E4sitysten tai teorioiden oikeutusta yleens\u00E4. Toisin sanoen: mit\u00E4 voimme tiet\u00E4\u00E4 ja miten? Tieteenfilosofia luetaan joskus tietoteorian osa-alueeksi. Tietoteoriaan liittyvi\u00E4 suuntauksia ovat muun muassa rationalismi, empirismi, skeptisismi, pragmatismi ja agnostismi."@fi ,
"Erkjennelsesteori eller epistemologi (fra gresk \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B7, \u00ABvitenskap\u00BB og \u03BB\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03C2, \u00ABfornuft\u00BB) er l\u00E6ren om viten og erkjennelse. Den er en av de filosofiske grunndisiplinene der sentrale temaer er opphavet til og gyldigheten av v\u00E5r kunnskap. Epistemologi kan ogs\u00E5 oversettes som sannhetskunnskap i betydningen sikker kunnskap. Tradisjonelt er det bare matematikk som kan betraktes som eksakt, men if\u00F8lge moderne fenomenologi kan alle vitenskaper fremstilles logisk og eksakt. Den mest kjente erkjennelsesfilosofen er Descartes som f\u00F8rst fremsatte bevis for v\u00E5r eksistens. Han tvilte ikke p\u00E5 at verden var virkelig slik som mennesket oppfattet med sine sanser. \u00ABJe pense, donc je suis\u00BB -. Dette uttrykket kan utvides om alt vi sanser som bevis for v\u00E5r eksistens."@no ,
"Az ismeretelm\u00E9let (m\u00E1s n\u00E9ven episztemol\u00F3gia) a megismer\u00E9s felt\u00E9teleit, hat\u00E1rait kutat\u00F3 tudom\u00E1ny. A megismer\u00E9s m\u00F3dszereit pr\u00F3b\u00E1lja meghat\u00E1rozni, a tudom\u00E1nyok alapjaival foglalkozik. Azt szeretn\u00E9 meghat\u00E1rozni, hogy mi a tud\u00E1s, illetve, hogy mi a tud\u00E1s megszerz\u00E9s\u00E9nek legbiztons\u00E1gosabb \u00FAtja. T\u00E9m\u00E1j\u00E1ba a megismer\u00E9s szubjektuma \u00E9s objektuma egyar\u00E1nt beletartozik."@hu ,
"\u77E5\u8BC6\u8BBA\u662F\u63A2\u8BA8\u77E5\u8BC6\u7684\u672C\u8D28\u3001\u8D77\u6E90\u548C\u8303\u56F4\u7684\u4E00\u4E2A\u54F2\u5B66\u5206\u652F\u3002\u76EE\u524D\u77E5\u8BC6\u8BBA\u548C\u8BA4\u8BC6\u8BBA\u4E4B\u95F4\u7684\u5173\u7CFB\u5B58\u5728\u4E89\u8BAE\uFF0C\u6709\u4EBA\u8BA4\u4E3A\u5B83\u4EEC\u662F\u540C\u4E00\u4E2A\u6982\u5FF5\uFF0C\u800C\u4E5F\u6709\u4EBA\u8BA4\u4E3A\u5B83\u4EEC\u5176\u5B9E\u662F\u5B58\u5728\u4E00\u4E9B\u5BC6\u5207\u8054\u7CFB\u7684\u4E24\u4E2A\u4E0D\u540C\u6982\u5FF5\u3002"@zh ,
"Die Erkenntnistheorie oder Epistemologie ist eines der fach\u00FCbergreifenden Diskussionsfelder der Philosophie, befasst mit der Frage, wie Wissen zustande kommt, welche Erkenntnisprozesse denkbar sind, sowie mit den eingehenderen Fragen, wie begr\u00FCndet angebliches Wissen unter diesen Voraussetzungen ist, und woran man erkennt, dass es tats\u00E4chlich mit Erkenntnis angeboten wird. Von Interesse ist hier vor allem, welche Art von Zweifel an welcher Art von Wissen grunds\u00E4tzlich bestehen kann. K\u00F6nnen wir die Existenz materieller Gegenst\u00E4nde beweisen? Ist ein Satz wie \u201Edu sollst nicht t\u00F6ten\u201C auf \u00E4hnliche Weise \u201Ewahr\u201C wie eine Beobachtung aus der Astrophysik? Gibt es einen Beweis f\u00FCr die Existenz eines transzendenten Bereichs von Dingen, die sich der sinnlichen Wahrnehmung entziehen? Konkrete Wissensbest\u00E4nde werden hier (wie im Folgenden) oft nur als Beispiele benutzt, um an ihnen grunds\u00E4tzliche Annahmen zu diskutieren. \u00DCberlegungen der Erkenntnistheorie setzen sich mit g\u00E4ngigen Wissensbest\u00E4nden auseinander, mit Theorie der Wissenschaften (hierzu der eingehendere Artikel Wissenschaftstheorie), den benachbarten Feldern der Philosophie sowie mit der eigenen erkenntnistheoretischen Diskussion. Sie entwickeln gesellschaftliche Sprengkraft, wo immer sie Aussagen angeblich grundlegender Wahrheit in Frage stellen. Es ist zum Teil eine Leistung der philosophischen Erkenntnistheorie, die naturwissenschaftliche Erkenntnis neben der theologischen f\u00FCr valide, wenn nicht universeller erkl\u00E4rt zu haben. Durchbr\u00FCchen in den Naturwissenschaften wie etwa der Relativit\u00E4tstheorie gingen erkenntnistheoretische Erw\u00E4gungen voraus. Aktuelle Fragen wissenschaftlicher Forschung sind noch immer zentral erkenntnistheoretisch: K\u00F6nnen Computer \u00FCbersetzen, falls sie Sprache nicht wirklich mit einem eigenen Bewusstsein verstehen k\u00F6nnen? K\u00F6nnen sie denken und Bewusstsein entwickeln. Die Antworten h\u00E4ngen von grunds\u00E4tzlichen Fragen der Erkenntnistheorie ab: Was ist Wissen? Woran erkenne ich, dass jemand mit Wissen \u00FCber Gegenst\u00E4nde spricht, mit Erkenntnis?"@de ,
"Kennistheorie of epistemologie, ook wel kentheorie of kennisleer genaamd, is de tak van de filosofie die de aard, oorsprong en reikwijdte van kennis en het weten onderzoekt. Centraal bij epistemologie staat de vraag die de mens zich stelt: \"Wat kan ik weten?\""@nl ,
"Epistemologia (\u03B5 \u03C0 \u03B9 \u03C3 \u03C4 \u03B5 \u03BC \u03B5 \u00EEn limba elin\u0103 se pronun\u0163\u0103 episteme) - este teoria cunoa\u015Fterii \u015Ftiin\u0163ifice. Este o ramur\u0103 a filozofiei care se ocup\u0103 cu originile, natura \u015Fi scopurile, metodele \u015Fi mijloacele cunoa\u015Fterii de tip \u015Ftiin\u0163ific. Epistemologia are la baz\u0103 dou\u0103 \u00EEntreb\u0103ri: Ce este cunoa\u015Fterea \u015Ftiin\u0163ific\u0103?, Cum este posibil\u0103 cunoa\u015Fterea \u015Ftiin\u0163ific\u0103?"@ro ,
"La th\u00E9orie de la connaissance, ou philosophie de la connaissance, parfois assimil\u00E9e \u00E0 l'\u00E9pist\u00E9mologie, est la partie de la philosophie qui \u00E9tudie la nature, les origines, les contenus, les moyens et les limites de la connaissance, en particulier de la connaissance humaine. Une grande partie des travaux qui rel\u00E8vent de cette discipline sont consacr\u00E9s \u00E0 l'analyse de la connaissance, c'est-\u00E0-dire \u00E0 la d\u00E9termination de ses conditions n\u00E9cessaires et suffisantes. Il s'agit plus pr\u00E9cis\u00E9ment d'\u00E9tablir quelles relations entretient la connaissance avec la croyance et la v\u00E9rit\u00E9, et quelles proc\u00E9dures de justification permettent de distinguer une simple croyance vraie (qui peut l'\u00EAtre par accident) d'une v\u00E9ritable connaissance. Une partie de cet article porte sur la th\u00E9orie analytique de la connaissance, discipline philosophique qui s'est pour l'essentiel d\u00E9velopp\u00E9e dans le monde anglophone. Le monde germanique, de par l'apport anglo-saxon a repris les r\u00E9sultats analytique pour les r\u00E9unir dans une th\u00E9orie globalisante. Le passage est tr\u00E8s distinct de Locke, Berkeley, Hume \u00E0 Kant pour l'analytique. Fichte op\u00E8re le renversement avec sa \"Doctrine des sciences\" imposant ainsi le d\u00E9part d'une conception qui ne se veut pas seulement analytique mais unifiante. Ceci sera beaucoup d\u00E9velopp\u00E9 par Schelling et Hegel."@fr ,
"Epistemologia ou teoria do conhecimento (do grego \u1F10\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B7, ci\u00EAncia, conhecimento; \u03BB\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03C2 logos], discurso) \u00E9 um ramo da Filosofia que trata dos problemas filos\u00F3ficos relacionados \u00E0 cren\u00E7a e ao conhecimento. A epistemologia estuda a origem, a estrutura, os m\u00E9todos e a validade do conhecimento (da\u00ED tamb\u00E9m se designar por filosofia do conhecimento). Ela se relaciona ainda com a metaf\u00EDsica, a l\u00F3gica e o empirismo, uma vez que avalia a consist\u00EAncia l\u00F3gica da teoria e sua coes\u00E3o fatual, sendo assim a principal dentre as vertentes da filosofia (\u00E9 considerada a \"corregedoria\" da ci\u00EAncia). Sua problematiza\u00E7\u00E3o compreende a quest\u00E3o da possibilidade do conhecimento: Ser\u00E1 que o ser humano conseguir\u00E1 algum dia atingir realmente o conhecimento total e genu\u00EDno, fazendo-nos oscilar entre uma resposta dogm\u00E1tica ou empirista? Outra quest\u00E3o abrange os limites do conhecimento: Haver\u00E1 realmente a distin\u00E7\u00E3o entre o mundo cognosc\u00EDvel e o mundo incognosc\u00EDvel? E finalmente, a quest\u00E3o sobre a origem do conhecimento: Por quais faculdades atingimos o conhecimento? Haver\u00E1 conhecimento certo e seguro em alguma concep\u00E7\u00E3o a priori? H\u00E1 ainda outras quest\u00F5es relativas ao conhecimento, como a apostasia da ci\u00EAncia de seu verdadeiro sentido e sua aproxima\u00E7\u00E3o a outras formas de aprendizado com estruturas il\u00F3gicas e irracionais: O senso comum, a filosofia e a ci\u00EAncia, no mais das vezes, d\u00E3o um car\u00E1ter universal ao contingente, tornando-o dogm\u00E1tico. Assim, a ci\u00EAncia, que sempre julgou-se detentora \u00FAnica do saber, v\u00EA-se inserida em seu coexistente princ\u00EDpio de contradi\u00E7\u00E3o."@pt ,
"L'epistemologia (del grec \"epist\u00EAm\u00E9\", i \"logos\", tamb\u00E9 anomenada gnoseolog\u00EDa i en certs contextos teoria del coneixement, \u00E9s la disciplina de la filosofia que s'ocupa del coneixement i de les seves limitacions. En particular, intenta respondre les seg\u00FCents preguntes: \"Qu\u00E8 \u00E9s el coneixement?\", \"Com adquirim el coneixement?\", \"Qu\u00E8 sap la gent?\", \"Com sabem que sabem alguna cosa?\", \"Per qu\u00E8 sabem que sabem alguna cosa?\" Gran part del debat en aquest camp s'ha centrat en analitzar la naturalesa del coneixement i com es relaciona amb nocions similars, com ara veritat, creen\u00E7a i justificaci\u00F3. Tamb\u00E9 tracta amb les formes de produir el coneixement, aix\u00ED com de l'escepticisme cap al coneixement."@ca ,
"Epistemoloji, bilginin do\u011Fas\u0131, kapsam\u0131 ve kayna\u011F\u0131 ile ilgilenen felsefe dal\u0131d\u0131r. Bilgi felsefesi olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130lk \u00E7a\u011Flarda Thales gibi filozoflar metafizik ile ilgileniyorlard\u0131. Evrenin salt maddesinin bulunmas\u0131 temel bir ama\u00E7 olmu\u015Ftu. Ama bu konularda herkesin vard\u0131\u011F\u0131 farkl\u0131 fikirler, fikirler aras\u0131ndaki \u00E7eli\u015Fkiler filozoflar\u0131n insana, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ak\u0131l ve bilgiye y\u00F6nelmesine yol a\u00E7t\u0131. Bu da insan\u0131n bilgilerinin do\u011Frulu\u011Funun sorgulanmas\u0131na neden oldu. B\u00F6ylece bilgi felsefesi do\u011Fmu\u015F oldu. Terimler de\u011Fi\u015Fiktir: episteme, bilgi ve gnosis, bilim ve logos, \u00F6\u011Freti kelimelerinden epistemoloji, bilgibilim ve gnoseoloji, bilginin bilgisi terimleri; bilgikuram\u0131 (theory of knowledge) anlam\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r, bazen philosophy of knowledge, bilgi felsefesi olur. Bilginin do\u011Fas\u0131n\u0131, kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131, k\u00F6kenlerini, de\u011Ferini ara\u015Ft\u0131r\u0131r. Bilgisizli\u011Fin ne oldu\u011Funu ara\u015Ft\u0131ran bilgi dal\u0131na agnoioloji denir. Bilgisizlik \u00F6rt\u00FCs\u00FC kavram\u0131yla cehaletbilimi ilgilenmektedir. Platon'un bilgi nazariyesinin (kuram\u0131n\u0131n) yetersizli\u011Fi 1963'de Edmund Gettier taraf\u0131ndan kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015Ft\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 d\u00F6nemde Michel Foucault, bilginin kaz\u0131bilimini, bilgi ve iktidar bi\u00E7imlerini ara\u015Ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015Ft\u0131r."@tr ,
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"La teor\u00EDa del conocimiento, tambi\u00E9n denominada gnoseolog\u00EDa (del griego \u03B3\u03BD\u03C9\u03C3\u03B9\u03C2, gnosis, \"conocimiento\" o \"facultad de conocer\", y \u03BB\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03C2, logos, \"razonamiento\" o \"discurso\"), es una disciplina filos\u00F3fica que busca determinar el alcance, la naturaleza y el origen del conocimiento. En el mundo de habla hispana es usual usar para el estudio del conocimiento la expresi\u00F3n \"teor\u00EDa del conocimiento\", o la palabra gnoseolog\u00EDa, que actualmente tiende a caer en desuso. En el de habla inglesa se estila \"epistemolog\u00EDa\", que en espa\u00F1ol, como t\u00E9rmino filos\u00F3fico m\u00E1s bien se reserva para lo que podr\u00EDa considerarse como \"conocimiento cient\u00EDfico\", o \"teor\u00EDa de la ciencia\". El conocimiento en cuanto problema es uno de los centrales de la filosof\u00EDa y su consideraci\u00F3n se inicia ya con la filosof\u00EDa misma, especialmente en Plat\u00F3n. Es obvio que otras disciplinas tambi\u00E9n se ocupan del conocimiento, pero desde otros puntos de vista. La psicolog\u00EDa lo hace encarando los aspectos de la vida mental que en el conocer est\u00E1n impl\u00EDcitos. La l\u00F3gica tambi\u00E9n se ocupa del tema, pero sus miras est\u00E1n puestas en la correcci\u00F3n o incorrecci\u00F3n del razonamiento o argumentaci\u00F3n, y no en la relaci\u00F3n entre el conocimiento y el objeto del mismo. La ontolog\u00EDa, a su vez, tambi\u00E9n se ocupa de gnoseolog\u00EDa, pero atendiendo al objeto, a la naturaleza de los objetos del conocer, a su clasificaci\u00F3n en reales o ideales (matem\u00E1tica y l\u00F3gica)."@es ,
"La gnoseologia - dal greco \"gn\u00F2sis\" (\"conoscenza\") e \"l\u00F2gos\" (\"discorso\") - chiamata anche teoria della conoscenza, \u00E8 quella branca della filosofia che si occupa dello studio della conoscenza. In particolare, cos\u00EC come si \u00E8 consolidata nell'et\u00E0 moderna, la gnoseologia si occupa dell'analisi dei fondamenti, dei limiti e della validit\u00E0 della conoscenza umana, intesa essenzialmente come relazione tra soggetto conoscente e oggetto conosciuto. \u00C8 bene precisare che nell'ambito della cultura anglosassone la teoria della conoscenza \u00E8 chiamata anche e soprattutto epistemology, laddove in Italia con il termine epistemologia si designa essenzialmente quella branca della gnoseologia che si occupa della conoscenza scientifica o, in un senso ancora pi\u00F9 specifico, la filosofia della scienza."@it ,
"Epistemologia (od gr. \u1F10\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B7, episteme \u2013 \u201Ewiedza; umiej\u0119tno\u015B\u0107, zrozumienie\u201D; \u03BB\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03C2, logos \u2013 \u201Enauka; my\u015Bl\u201D) teoria poznania lub gnoseologia \u2013 dzia\u0142 filozofii zajmuj\u0105cy si\u0119 relacjami mi\u0119dzy poznawaniem, poznaniem a rzeczywisto\u015Bci\u0105. Epistemologia rozwa\u017Ca natur\u0119 takich poj\u0119\u0107 jak: prawda, przekonanie, s\u0105d, spostrzeganie, wiedza czy uzasadnienie."@pl ,
"Epistemology (from Greek ' - episteme-, \"knowledge, science\" + ', \"logos\") or theory of knowledge is the branch of philosophy concerned with the nature and scope (limitations) of knowledge. It addresses the questions: What is knowledge? How is knowledge acquired? What do people know? How do we know what we know? Much of the debate in this field has focused on analyzing the nature of knowledge and how it relates to similar notions such as truth, belief, and justification. It also deals with the means of production of knowledge, as well as skepticism about different knowledge claims. The term was introduced into English by the Scottish philosopher James Frederick Ferrier (1808\u20131864)."@en ,
"\u0413\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0435\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0301\u0433\u0438\u044F; \u044D\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0301\u0433\u0438\u044F\u00A0\u2014 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0438\u044F \u041F\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 (\u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u044F)\u043F\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043B \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u044F\u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0438. \u0422\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0438\u043D \u00AB\u0433\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0435\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u044F\u00BB \u0431\u044B\u043B \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043D \u0438 \u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u044F\u043B\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u041D\u0435\u043C\u0435\u0446\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u044F\u043D\u0435\u043C\u0435\u0446\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0438 XVIII \u0432\u0435\u043A\u0430; \u00AB\u044D\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u044F\u00BB \u0431\u044B\u043B \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043D \u0438 \u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u043E \u043F\u0440\u0438\u043C\u0435\u043D\u044F\u043B\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0438 XX\u00A0\u0432. \u0412 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u0432 XIX \u0438 1-\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0438\u043D\u044B XX\u00A0\u0432. \u043F\u0440\u0435\u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043B \u043F\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044B\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0438\u043D, \u0430 \u0441\u043E 2-\u0439 \u043F\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0432\u0438\u043D\u044B XX\u00A0\u0432. \u043D\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043B \u043F\u0440\u0435\u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044C \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0439\u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u043E\u0431\u043B\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u0439. \u0422\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0438\u043D \u00AB\u044D\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u044F\u00BB \u0431\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0435 \u0443\u0437\u043A\u0438\u0439, \u0447\u0435\u043C \u00AB\u0433\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0435\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u044F\u00BB: \u044D\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u044F \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043D\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0435 \u043F\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435."@ru ,
"Kunskapsteori eller epistemologi \u00E4r l\u00E4ran om kunskap. Ordet epistemologi kommer av grekiskans episteme \"kunskap\", \"l\u00E4rande\" och logia \"l\u00E4ra\", av logos \"ord\". Med \"kunskap\" menas n\u00E4stan alltid propositionell kunskap, det vill s\u00E4ga kunskap som kan uttryckas i formen \"A vet att p\" d\u00E4r A \u00E4r en person och p en proposition. En f\u00E4rdighet, exempelvis att kunna simma, \u00E4r ocks\u00E5 en form av kunskap. Att k\u00E4nna en person eller en plats \u00E4r \u00E4ven det kunskap, men inom kunskapsteorin tenderar den propositionella kunskapen att dominera. Den traditionella synen p\u00E5 kunskap har varit att personen A vet p om och endast om (1) p \u00E4r sant, (2) A \u00E4r \u00F6vertygad om att p \u00E4r sant och (3) A har goda, tillfredsst\u00E4llande eller tvingande sk\u00E4l f\u00F6r att tro att p \u00E4r sant. Dessa \u00E4r allts\u00E5 tre n\u00F6dv\u00E4ndiga krav p\u00E5 allting vi kallar kunskap. Man brukar f\u00F6rkortat s\u00E4ga att kunskap \u00E4r \"sann r\u00E4ttf\u00E4rdigad tro\". Definitionen f\u00F6rdes f\u00F6rst fram av Platon men har ifr\u00E5gasatts av Gettierproblemet. Filosofins historia \u00E4r fylld av skeptiker, till exempel Pyrrhon, Descartes och David Hume. En del skeptiker vill avvisa kunskapsanspr\u00E5k och b\u00F6rjar argumentationen utifr\u00E5n det. Andra vill r\u00E4ttf\u00E4rdiga kunskapsanspr\u00E5k, men finner under v\u00E4gen fram till h\u00E5llbar kunskap m\u00E5nga kunskapsanspr\u00E5k som inte h\u00E5ller f\u00F6r pr\u00F6vning. Descartes \u00E4r ett exempel p\u00E5 en filosof som i s\u00F6kandet efter en stabil bas f\u00F6r kunskap finner m\u00E5nga skeptiska argument mot s\u00E5dant som man vanligen tar f\u00F6r sj\u00E4lvklart. D\u00E4rf\u00F6r \u00E4r Descartes en filosof som s\u00F6ker och finner fast och p\u00E5litlig kunskap men p\u00E5 samma g\u00E5ng ger m\u00E5nga skeptiska argument. P\u00E5 det s\u00E4ttet kan man s\u00E4ga att skeptiker inte bara ifr\u00E5gas\u00E4tter kunskapsanspr\u00E5k utan \u00E4ven problematiserar v\u00E5r bild av kunskap. En fr\u00E5gest\u00E4llning som gr\u00E4nsar till v\u00E4rdeteori \u00E4r fr\u00E5gan om kunskaps v\u00E4rde. Med andra ord, har exempelvis ett r\u00E5d som \u00E4r grundat p\u00E5 kunskap ett st\u00F6rre v\u00E4rde \u00E4n ett r\u00E5d som ges helt slumpm\u00E4ssigt, om b\u00E5da r\u00E5den leder till samma konsekvenser? Fr\u00E5gest\u00E4llningen g\u00E5r tillbaka till Platons dialog Menon."@sv ;
rdfs:comment "La th\u00E9orie de la connaissance, ou philosophie de la connaissance, parfois assimil\u00E9e \u00E0 l'\u00E9pist\u00E9mologie, est la partie de la philosophie qui \u00E9tudie la nature, les origines, les contenus, les moyens et les limites de la connaissance, en particulier de la connaissance humaine. Une grande partie des travaux qui rel\u00E8vent de cette discipline sont consacr\u00E9s \u00E0 l'analyse de la connaissance, c'est-\u00E0-dire \u00E0 la d\u00E9termination de ses conditions n\u00E9cessaires et suffisantes."@fr ,
"L'epistemologia (del grec \"epist\u00EAm\u00E9\", i \"logos\", tamb\u00E9 anomenada gnoseolog\u00EDa i en certs contextos teoria del coneixement, \u00E9s la disciplina de la filosofia que s'ocupa del coneixement i de les seves limitacions."@ca ,
"La teor\u00EDa del conocimiento, tambi\u00E9n denominada gnoseolog\u00EDa (del griego \u03B3\u03BD\u03C9\u03C3\u03B9\u03C2, gnosis, \"conocimiento\" o \"facultad de conocer\", y \u03BB\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03C2, logos, \"razonamiento\" o \"discurso\"), es una disciplina filos\u00F3fica que busca determinar el alcance, la naturaleza y el origen del conocimiento. En el mundo de habla hispana es usual usar para el estudio del conocimiento la expresi\u00F3n \"teor\u00EDa del conocimiento\", o la palabra gnoseolog\u00EDa, que actualmente tiende a caer en desuso."@es ,
"Epistemologia (\u03B5 \u03C0 \u03B9 \u03C3 \u03C4 \u03B5 \u03BC \u03B5 \u00EEn limba elin\u0103 se pronun\u0163\u0103 episteme) - este teoria cunoa\u015Fterii \u015Ftiin\u0163ifice. Este o ramur\u0103 a filozofiei care se ocup\u0103 cu originile, natura \u015Fi scopurile, metodele \u015Fi mijloacele cunoa\u015Fterii de tip \u015Ftiin\u0163ific. Epistemologia are la baz\u0103 dou\u0103 \u00EEntreb\u0103ri: Ce este cunoa\u015Fterea \u015Ftiin\u0163ific\u0103?, Cum este posibil\u0103 cunoa\u015Fterea \u015Ftiin\u0163ific\u0103?"@ro ,
"\u77E5\u8BC6\u8BBA\u662F\u63A2\u8BA8\u77E5\u8BC6\u7684\u672C\u8D28\u3001\u8D77\u6E90\u548C\u8303\u56F4\u7684\u4E00\u4E2A\u54F2\u5B66\u5206\u652F\u3002\u76EE\u524D\u77E5\u8BC6\u8BBA\u548C\u8BA4\u8BC6\u8BBA\u4E4B\u95F4\u7684\u5173\u7CFB\u5B58\u5728\u4E89\u8BAE\uFF0C\u6709\u4EBA\u8BA4\u4E3A\u5B83\u4EEC\u662F\u540C\u4E00\u4E2A\u6982\u5FF5\uFF0C\u800C\u4E5F\u6709\u4EBA\u8BA4\u4E3A\u5B83\u4EEC\u5176\u5B9E\u662F\u5B58\u5728\u4E00\u4E9B\u5BC6\u5207\u8054\u7CFB\u7684\u4E24\u4E2A\u4E0D\u540C\u6982\u5FF5\u3002"@zh ,
"Die Erkenntnistheorie oder Epistemologie ist eines der fach\u00FCbergreifenden Diskussionsfelder der Philosophie, befasst mit der Frage, wie Wissen zustande kommt, welche Erkenntnisprozesse denkbar sind, sowie mit den eingehenderen Fragen, wie begr\u00FCndet angebliches Wissen unter diesen Voraussetzungen ist, und woran man erkennt, dass es tats\u00E4chlich mit Erkenntnis angeboten wird. Von Interesse ist hier vor allem, welche Art von Zweifel an welcher Art von Wissen grunds\u00E4tzlich bestehen kann."@de ,
"Kennistheorie of epistemologie, ook wel kentheorie of kennisleer genaamd, is de tak van de filosofie die de aard, oorsprong en reikwijdte van kennis en het weten onderzoekt. Centraal bij epistemologie staat de vraag die de mens zich stelt: \"Wat kan ik weten?\""@nl ,
"Epistemology (from Greek ' - episteme-, \"knowledge, science\" + ', \"logos\") or theory of knowledge is the branch of philosophy concerned with the nature and scope (limitations) of knowledge. It addresses the questions: What is knowledge? How is knowledge acquired? What do people know? How do we know what we know? Much of the debate in this field has focused on analyzing the nature of knowledge and how it relates to similar notions such as truth, belief, and justification."@en ,
"\u0415\u043F\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u044F (\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0446. \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B7 \u2014 \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F, \u03BB\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03C2 \u2014 \u0432\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F) \u2014 \u0444\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E-\u043C\u0435\u0442\u043E\u0434\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043D\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0446\u0438\u043F\u043B\u0456\u043D\u0430, \u0443 \u044F\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u0434\u043E\u0441\u043B\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u044F\u043A \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0435, \u0439\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0431\u0443\u0434\u043E\u0432\u0430, \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043A\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430, \u0444\u0443\u043D\u043A\u0446\u0456\u043E\u043D\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0456 \u0440\u043E\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u043E\u043A. \u0422\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0456\u043D \u0432\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0456 \u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u043E \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0432\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0441\u044F \u0443 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u043E-\u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0456\u0439 \u0444\u0456\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0456\u0457 XX \u0441\u0442."@uk ,
"Erkjennelsesteori eller epistemologi (fra gresk \u03B5\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B7, \u00ABvitenskap\u00BB og \u03BB\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03C2, \u00ABfornuft\u00BB) er l\u00E6ren om viten og erkjennelse. Den er en av de filosofiske grunndisiplinene der sentrale temaer er opphavet til og gyldigheten av v\u00E5r kunnskap. Epistemologi kan ogs\u00E5 oversettes som sannhetskunnskap i betydningen sikker kunnskap. Tradisjonelt er det bare matematikk som kan betraktes som eksakt, men if\u00F8lge moderne fenomenologi kan alle vitenskaper fremstilles logisk og eksakt."@no ,
"Epistemoloji, bilginin do\u011Fas\u0131, kapsam\u0131 ve kayna\u011F\u0131 ile ilgilenen felsefe dal\u0131d\u0131r. Bilgi felsefesi olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130lk \u00E7a\u011Flarda Thales gibi filozoflar metafizik ile ilgileniyorlard\u0131. Evrenin salt maddesinin bulunmas\u0131 temel bir ama\u00E7 olmu\u015Ftu. Ama bu konularda herkesin vard\u0131\u011F\u0131 farkl\u0131 fikirler, fikirler aras\u0131ndaki \u00E7eli\u015Fkiler filozoflar\u0131n insana, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ak\u0131l ve bilgiye y\u00F6nelmesine yol a\u00E7t\u0131."@tr ,
"Kunskapsteori eller epistemologi \u00E4r l\u00E4ran om kunskap. Ordet epistemologi kommer av grekiskans episteme \"kunskap\", \"l\u00E4rande\" och logia \"l\u00E4ra\", av logos \"ord\". Med \"kunskap\" menas n\u00E4stan alltid propositionell kunskap, det vill s\u00E4ga kunskap som kan uttryckas i formen \"A vet att p\" d\u00E4r A \u00E4r en person och p en proposition. En f\u00E4rdighet, exempelvis att kunna simma, \u00E4r ocks\u00E5 en form av kunskap."@sv ,
"Epistemologia ou teoria do conhecimento (do grego \u1F10\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B7, ci\u00EAncia, conhecimento; \u03BB\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03C2 logos], discurso) \u00E9 um ramo da Filosofia que trata dos problemas filos\u00F3ficos relacionados \u00E0 cren\u00E7a e ao conhecimento. A epistemologia estuda a origem, a estrutura, os m\u00E9todos e a validade do conhecimento (da\u00ED tamb\u00E9m se designar por filosofia do conhecimento)."@pt ,
"La gnoseologia - dal greco \"gn\u00F2sis\" (\"conoscenza\") e \"l\u00F2gos\" (\"discorso\") - chiamata anche teoria della conoscenza, \u00E8 quella branca della filosofia che si occupa dello studio della conoscenza. In particolare, cos\u00EC come si \u00E8 consolidata nell'et\u00E0 moderna, la gnoseologia si occupa dell'analisi dei fondamenti, dei limiti e della validit\u00E0 della conoscenza umana, intesa essenzialmente come relazione tra soggetto conoscente e oggetto conosciuto."@it ,
"Gnoseologie (z \u0159eck\u00E9ho \u03B3\u03BD\u1FF6\u03C3\u03B9\u03C2 gn\u00F3sis pozn\u00E1n\u00ED + \u03BB\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03C2 logos slovo, \u0159e\u010D), v anglosask\u00E9 literatu\u0159e obvykle epistemologie (z \u0159ec. \u03AD\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B7 epist\u00E9m\u00E9 znalost, schopnost) \u010Di noetika (z \u0159ec. \u03BD\u03BF\u03AE\u03BC\u03B1 no\u00E9ma my\u0161lenka) je filozofick\u00E1 disciplina, kter\u00E1 zkoum\u00E1 lidsk\u00E9 pozn\u00E1n\u00ED, jeho vznik, proces a p\u0159edm\u011Bt."@cs ,
"Tietoteoria on filosofian osa-alue, jossa tutkitaan k\u00E4sitteellisin, filosofisin menetelmin tietoa koskevia yleisi\u00E4 kysymyksi\u00E4, kuten tiedon mahdollisuutta, luonnetta, alkuper\u00E4\u00E4 ja rajoja sek\u00E4 k\u00E4sitysten tai teorioiden oikeutusta yleens\u00E4. Toisin sanoen: mit\u00E4 voimme tiet\u00E4\u00E4 ja miten? Tieteenfilosofia luetaan joskus tietoteorian osa-alueeksi. Tietoteoriaan liittyvi\u00E4 suuntauksia ovat muun muassa rationalismi, empirismi, skeptisismi, pragmatismi ja agnostismi."@fi ,
""@ja ,
"Epistemologia (od gr. \u1F10\u03C0\u03B9\u03C3\u03C4\u03AE\u03BC\u03B7, episteme \u2013 \u201Ewiedza; umiej\u0119tno\u015B\u0107, zrozumienie\u201D; \u03BB\u03CC\u03B3\u03BF\u03C2, logos \u2013 \u201Enauka; my\u015Bl\u201D) teoria poznania lub gnoseologia \u2013 dzia\u0142 filozofii zajmuj\u0105cy si\u0119 relacjami mi\u0119dzy poznawaniem, poznaniem a rzeczywisto\u015Bci\u0105. Epistemologia rozwa\u017Ca natur\u0119 takich poj\u0119\u0107 jak: prawda, przekonanie, s\u0105d, spostrzeganie, wiedza czy uzasadnienie."@pl ,
"\u0413\u043D\u043E\u0441\u0435\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0301\u0433\u0438\u044F; \u044D\u043F\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0301\u0433\u0438\u044F\u00A0\u2014 \u0442\u0435\u043E\u0440\u0438\u044F \u041F\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0435 (\u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u044F)\u043F\u043E\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043B \u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u044F\u0444\u0438\u043B\u043E\u0441\u043E\u0444\u0438\u0438."@ru ,
"Az ismeretelm\u00E9let (m\u00E1s n\u00E9ven episztemol\u00F3gia) a megismer\u00E9s felt\u00E9teleit, hat\u00E1rait kutat\u00F3 tudom\u00E1ny. A megismer\u00E9s m\u00F3dszereit pr\u00F3b\u00E1lja meghat\u00E1rozni, a tudom\u00E1nyok alapjaival foglalkozik. Azt szeretn\u00E9 meghat\u00E1rozni, hogy mi a tud\u00E1s, illetve, hogy mi a tud\u00E1s megszerz\u00E9s\u00E9nek legbiztons\u00E1gosabb \u00FAtja. T\u00E9m\u00E1j\u00E1ba a megismer\u00E9s szubjektuma \u00E9s objektuma egyar\u00E1nt beletartozik."@hu ;
foaf:depiction .
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