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dbpprop:name "Turing, Alan Mathison"@en ,
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dbpprop:abstract "Alan Mathison Turing was een Britse wiskundige en informaticus avant la lettre."@nl ,
"Alan Mathison Turing, \u0130ngiliz matematik\u00E7i ve bilgisayar bilimcisi. Bilgisayar biliminin kurucusu say\u0131l\u0131r. Geli\u015Ftirmi\u015F oldugu Turing testi ile makinalar\u0131n ve bilgisayarlar\u0131n d\u00FC\u015F\u00FCnme yetisine sahip olup olamayacaklar\u0131 konusunda bir kriter \u00F6ne s\u00FCrm\u00FC\u015Ft\u00FCr. II. D\u00FCnya Sava\u015F\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Alman \u015Fifrelerinin k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u00E7ok \u00F6nemli bir rol oynad\u0131\u011F\u0131 i\u00E7in sava\u015F kahraman\u0131 say\u0131lm\u0131\u015Ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Manchester \u00DCniversitesi'nde \u00E7al\u0131\u015Ft\u0131\u011F\u0131 y\u0131llarda, Turing makinas\u0131 denilen algoritma tan\u0131m\u0131 ile modern bilgisayarlar\u0131n kavramsal temelini atm\u0131\u015Ft\u0131r. Ad\u0131 ayr\u0131ca Princeton'da beraber \u00E7al\u0131\u015Ft\u0131\u011F\u0131 tez hocas\u0131 Alonzo Church ile geli\u015Ftirdi\u011Fi Church-Turing Hipotezi ile de matematik tarihine ge\u00E7mi\u015Ftir. Bu tez bir algoritmayla tarif edilebilecek t\u00FCm hesaplamalar\u0131n d\u00F6rt i\u015Flem, projeksiyon, eklemleme ve tarama operasyonlar\u0131 ile tarif edilebilecek hesaplamalardan ibaret oldu\u011Funu ifade eder. Bir matematiksel teorem olmaktan ziyade matematik felsefesi hakk\u0131nda \u00E7\u00FCr\u00FCt\u00FClememi\u015F bir hipotezdir. 1952 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u015Fantaja maruz kald\u0131\u011F\u0131 \u015Fikayetiyle polise ba\u015Fvurup e\u015Fcinsel oldu\u011Funu a\u00E7\u0131klayan Turing, e\u015Fcinsellik su\u00E7lamas\u0131ndan yarg\u0131lan\u0131p 1 sene boyunca kimyasal olarak had\u0131m etme y\u00F6ntemi olarak kullan\u0131lan \u00F6strojen i\u011Fnesi olmaya mahkum edilmi\u015Ftir. 1954 y\u0131l\u0131nda potasyum siyanid zehirlenmesinden \u00F6lm\u00FC\u015Ft\u00FCr. Polis ara\u015Ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda Turing'in yedi\u011Fi elma ile siyanur zehiri alarak intihar sonucu oldu\u011Funa karar verilmi\u015Ftir. Buna ra\u011Fmen Turing'in zehirlenmesinin kendisi taraf\u0131ndan intihar nedeniyle olmad\u0131\u011F\u0131 ve ba\u015Fkalar\u0131n\u0131n bu \u015F\u00FCpheli ol\u00FCmde bir parma\u011F\u0131 oldu\u011Fu iddias\u0131 s\u00FCrd\u00FCrm\u00FC\u015Ft\u00FCr. Ad\u0131 ayr\u0131ca an\u0131s\u0131na verilen ve bilgisayar biliminin Nobel'i say\u0131lan Turing \u00D6d\u00FCl\u00FC ile de akademik bili\u015Fim d\u00FCnyas\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00E7as\u0131 olmu\u015Ftur. Geli\u015Fim biyolojisi alan\u0131ndaki en \u00F6nemli matematiksel modellerden biri olan reaksiyon-dif\u00FCzyon modeli de Turing taraf\u0131ndan form\u00FCle edilmi\u015Ftir."@tr ,
"Alan Mathison Turing [\u02C8\u00E6l\u0259n \u02C8m\u00E6\u03B8\u026As\u0259n \u02C8tj\u028A\u0259\u0279\u026A\u014B] war ein britischer Logiker, Mathematiker und Kryptoanalytiker. Er schuf einen gro\u00DFen Teil der theoretischen Grundlagen f\u00FCr die moderne Informations- und Computertechnologie. Als richtungsweisend erwiesen sich auch seine Beitr\u00E4ge zur theoretischen Biologie. Turing gilt heute als einer der einflussreichsten Theoretiker der fr\u00FChen Computerentwicklung und Informatik. Das von ihm entwickelte Berechenbarkeitsmodell der Turingmaschine bildet eines der Fundamente der theoretischen Informatik. W\u00E4hrend des Zweiten Weltkrieges war er ma\u00DFgeblich an der Entzifferung der mit der Enigma verschl\u00FCsselten deutschen Funkspr\u00FCche beteiligt. Der Gro\u00DFteil seiner Arbeiten blieb nach Kriegsende jedoch unter Verschluss. Turing entwickelte 1953 eines der ersten Schachprogramme, dessen Berechnungen er mangels Hardware selbst durchf\u00FChrte. Nach ihm benannt ist der Turing-Preis, die bedeutendste Auszeichnung in der Informatik, sowie der Turing-Test zum Nachweis k\u00FCnstlicher Intelligenz."@de ,
"Alan Mathison Turing brit matematikus, a modern sz\u00E1m\u00EDt\u00F3g\u00E9ptudom\u00E1ny egyik atyja. Nagy hat\u00E1ssal volt az algoritmus \u00E9s a sz\u00E1m\u00EDt\u00F3g\u00E9pes adatfeldolgoz\u00E1s hivatalos koncepci\u00F3j\u00E1nak kidolgoz\u00E1s\u00E1ra az \u00E1ltala feltal\u00E1lt Turing-g\u00E9p. Szab\u00E1lyba foglalta a ma m\u00E1r sz\u00E9les k\u00F6rben elfogadott Church-Turing-t\u00E9zist, ami alapj\u00E1n tudniillik minden m\u00E1s sz\u00E1m\u00EDt\u00E1si modell \u00E9s m\u00E1s gyakorlati sz\u00E1m\u00EDt\u00E1si modell azonos a Turing-g\u00E9ppel vagy annak egy r\u00E9szegys\u00E9g\u00E9vel. A II. vil\u00E1gh\u00E1bor\u00FA alatt sikeres er\u0151fesz\u00EDt\u00E9seket tett a n\u00E9met rejtjelk\u00F3dok felt\u00F6r\u00E9s\u00E9re. A h\u00E1bor\u00FA ut\u00E1n az egyik legkor\u00E1bbi digit\u00E1lis sz\u00E1m\u00EDt\u00F3g\u00E9pen dolgozott, \u00E9s k\u00E9s\u0151bb k\u00F6zreadott egy provokat\u00EDv \u00EDr\u00E1st, a gondolat\u00E9breszt\u0151 \u201ETudnak a g\u00E9pek gondolkodni?\u201D c\u00EDm\u0171t. F\u00E1jl:Alan Turing Memorial - Alan with the apple. jpg Turing-eml\u00E9km\u0171 Manchester-ben"@hu ,
"Alan Mathison Turing est un math\u00E9maticien britannique, auteur de l'article fondateur de la science informatique qui allait donner le coup d'envoi \u00E0 la cr\u00E9ation de l'ordinateur programmable. Il y pr\u00E9sente sa machine de Turing, le premier calculateur universel programmable, et invente les concepts de programmation et de programme. Il est \u00E9galement \u00E0 l'origine de la formalisation des concepts d'algorithme et de calculabilit\u00E9 qui ont profond\u00E9ment marqu\u00E9 cette discipline. Son mod\u00E8le a contribu\u00E9 \u00E0 \u00E9tablir d\u00E9finitivement la th\u00E8se Church-Turing qui donne une d\u00E9finition math\u00E9matique au concept intuitif de fonction calculable. Durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, il a dirig\u00E9 les recherches sur les codes secrets g\u00E9n\u00E9r\u00E9s par la machine Enigma utilis\u00E9e par les nazis. Apr\u00E8s la guerre, il a travaill\u00E9 sur un des tout premiers ordinateurs, puis a contribu\u00E9 de mani\u00E8re provocatrice au d\u00E9bat d\u00E9j\u00E0 houleux \u00E0 cette p\u00E9riode sur la capacit\u00E9 des machines \u00E0 penser en \u00E9tablissant le test de Turing. Vers la fin de sa vie, il s'est int\u00E9ress\u00E9 \u00E0 des mod\u00E8les de morphogen\u00E8se du vivant conduisant aux \u00AB structures de Turing \u00BB, a \u00E9t\u00E9 pers\u00E9cut\u00E9 pour son homosexualit\u00E9, puis s'est suicid\u00E9."@fr ,
"Alan Mathison Turing fue un matem\u00E1tico, inform\u00E1tico te\u00F3rico, cript\u00F3grafo y fil\u00F3sofo ingl\u00E9s. Es considerado uno de los padres de la Ciencia de la computaci\u00F3n siendo el precursor de la inform\u00E1tica moderna. Proporcion\u00F3 una influyente formalizaci\u00F3n de los conceptos de algoritmo y computaci\u00F3n: la m\u00E1quina de Turing. Formul\u00F3 su propia versi\u00F3n de la hoy ampliamente aceptada Tesis de Church-Turing, la cual postula que cualquier modelo computacional existente tiene las mismas capacidades algor\u00EDtmicas, o un subconjunto, de las que tiene una m\u00E1quina de Turing. Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, trabaj\u00F3 en romper los c\u00F3digos nazis, particularmente los de la m\u00E1quina Enigma; durante un tiempo fue el director de la secci\u00F3n Naval Enigma del Bletchley Park. Tras la guerra dise\u00F1\u00F3 uno de los primeros computadores electr\u00F3nicos programables digitales en el Laboratorio Nacional de F\u00EDsica del Reino Unido y poco tiempo despu\u00E9s construy\u00F3 otra de las primeras m\u00E1quinas en la Universidad de Manchester. Entre otras muchas cosas, tambi\u00E9n contribuy\u00F3 de forma particular e incluso provocativa al enigma de si las m\u00E1quinas pueden pensar, es decir a la Inteligencia Artificial."@es ,
"Alan Mathison Turing foi um matem\u00E1tico brit\u00E2nico. Filho de um oficial, logo cedo se interessou pela ci\u00EAncia. A maior parte de seu trabalho foi desenvolvida na \u00E1rea de espionagem e, por isso, somente em 1975 veio a ser considerado o pai da inform\u00E1tica."@pt ,
"\u30A2\u30E9\u30F3\u30FB\u30C1\u30E5\u30FC\u30EA\u30F3\u30B0\uFF08Alan Mathison Turing, 1912\u5E746\u670823\u65E5 - 1954\u5E746\u67087\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u306E\u6570\u5B66\u8005\u3002"@ja ,
"Alan Mathison Turing, OBE, FRS (-ing; 23 June 1912 \u2013 7 June 1954), was an English mathematician, logician, cryptanalyst, and computer scientist. He was influential in the development of computer science and provided an influential formalisation of the concept of the algorithm and computation with the Turing machine. In 1999, Time Magazine named Turing as one of the 100 Most Important People of the 20th Century for his role in the creation of the modern computer. In 2002, Turing was ranked twenty-first on the list of the 100 Greatest Britons. His Turing test was a significant and characteristically provocative contribution to the debate regarding artificial intelligence. During the Second World War, Turing worked for the Government Code and Cypher School at Bletchley Park, Britain's codebreaking centre. For a time he was head of Hut 8, the section responsible for German naval cryptanalysis. He devised a number of techniques for breaking German ciphers, including the method of the bombe, an electromechanical machine that could find settings for the Enigma machine. After the war he worked at the National Physical Laboratory, where he created one of the first designs for a stored-program computer, the ACE. Towards the end of his life Turing became interested in chemistry. He wrote a paper on the chemical basis of morphogenesis, and he predicted oscillating chemical reactions such as the Belousov\u2013Zhabotinsky reaction, which were first observed in the 1960s. Turing's homosexuality, which was illegal and considered to be a mental illness during his lifetime, resulted in a criminal prosecution in 1952. He accepted treatment with female hormones as an alternative to going to prison. He died in 1954, several weeks before his 42nd birthday, from an apparently self-administered cyanide poisoning, although his mother (and some others) considered his death to be accidental. On 10 September 2009, following an Internet campaign, British Prime Minister Gordon Brown made an official public apology on behalf of the British government for the way in which Turing was treated after the war."@en ,
"\u0410\u043B\u0430\u043D \u041C\u0430\u0442\u0456\u0441\u043E\u043D \u0422\u044E\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0433 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Alan Mathison Turing) \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u043C \u043C\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043A\u043E\u043C, \u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u043A\u043E\u043C, \u0442\u0430 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u043F\u0442\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u043E\u043C. \u0422\u044E\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0433 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E \u0432\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0431\u0430\u0442\u044C\u043A\u043E\u043C \u0441\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0456\u043D\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438. \u0414\u043E \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0438 \u043D\u0430\u0432\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u043D\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u041A\u0435\u043C\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0456 \u041F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043D\u0456. \u041F\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0438 \u043F\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044E\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u043D\u0430\u0434 \u0437\u043B\u0430\u043C\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F\u043C \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u043D\u0456\u043C\u0435\u0446\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043A\u043E\u043C\u0430\u043D\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043D\u044F \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043E\u043C \u0437 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0432\u0447\u0435\u043D\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0438\u043C\u0438 \u0432 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u043A\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0443 \u0456\u043D\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0456 \u0411\u043B\u0435\u0442\u0447\u043B\u0456 \u041F\u0430\u0440\u043A. \u0417\u0433\u0456\u0434\u043D\u043E \u0437 \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043D\u043E\u044E \u043B\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043E\u044E, \u0449\u043E \u043B\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0432\u0438\u0445\u043E\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044C \u043F\u0456\u0441\u043B\u044F \u0431\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0440\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043A\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043D\u043D\u044F \u043F\u043E\u0434\u0440\u043E\u0431\u0438\u0446\u044C, \u0446\u044F \u0440\u043E\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0430, \u0445\u043E\u0447\u0430 \u0439 \u043D\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0436\u0434\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043F\u0456\u0448\u043D\u0430, \u0434\u043E\u043F\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0433\u043B\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u044F\u043A\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u0432\u0456 \u043A\u0430\u043C\u043F\u0430\u043D\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0438\u0441\u044F\u0447\u0456 \u043B\u044E\u0434\u0435\u0439."@uk ,
"Alan Mathison Turing OBE, FRS fou un matem\u00E0tic brit\u00E0nic. Va treballar en camps com la inform\u00E0tica te\u00F2rica, la criptoan\u00E0lisi o la intel\u00B7lig\u00E8ncia artificial. Se'l considera el pare de la inform\u00E0tica moderna. Algunes de les seves principals aportacions a la inform\u00E0tica te\u00F2rica i a la intel\u00B7lig\u00E8ncia artificial van ser la m\u00E0quina de Turing, la computabilitat universal o el test de Turing. Sota els serveis d'intel\u00B7lig\u00E8ncia brit\u00E0nics, i al llarg de la Segona Guerra Mundial, va treballar a Bletchley Park, el centre de criptografia brit\u00E0nic, on va dirigir durant un temps el Hut 8, la secci\u00F3 responsable de la criptoan\u00E0lisi naval alemanya. Va desenvolupar unes quantes t\u00E8cniques per trencar els codis alemanys, inclosa la \"bomba\", una m\u00E0quina electromec\u00E0nica que podia trencar el codi de la m\u00E0quina alemanya de criptografia Enigma. Aix\u00F2 va ser crucial per al desenvolupament de la Batalla de l'Atl\u00E0ntic. Va ser el primer cient\u00EDfic que va usar computadores amb aplicacions a la matem\u00E0tica. Va ser arrestat el 1952 pel servei d'intel\u00B7lig\u00E8ncia brit\u00E0nic a causa de la seva homosexualitat. Turing va acabar su\u00EFcidant-se el 1954 en no poder suportar la pressi\u00F3 de la vida a la pres\u00F3 i dels c\u00E0rrecs que se li imputaven. Es va perdre aix\u00ED un dels millors cient\u00EDfics europeus del segle XX. El 10 de setembre de 2009, despr\u00E9s d'una campanya a Internet, el primer ministre brit\u00E0nic Gordon Brown es va disculpar per la forma de Turing va ser tractat despr\u00E9s de la guerra ."@ca ,
"Alan Mathison Turing, f\u00F6dd 23 juni 1912, d\u00F6d 7 juni 1954, var en brittisk matematiker, logiker och kryptoanalytiker. Han studerade vid King's College, Cambridge och sedan vid Princeton 1936-1938. Turing lade en stor del av grunderna f\u00F6r dagens informations- och datorteknologi, och \u00E4r idag mest k\u00E4nd f\u00F6r turingtestet, turingmaskinen och sina insatser i andra v\u00E4rldskriget med att kn\u00E4cka tyskarnas Enigmachiffer. \u00C5r 1952 arresterades Turing anklagad f\u00F6r sodomi och blev d\u00E4rf\u00F6r utsatt f\u00F6r f\u00F6rs\u00F6k att medicinskt f\u00F6r\u00E4ndra hans l\u00E4ggning. Den 7 juni 1954 dog han, under omst\u00E4ndigheter som \u00E4r oklara."@sv ,
"\u827E\u4F26\u00B7\u9EA6\u5E2D\u68EE\u00B7\u56FE\u7075\uFF0COBE\uFF08Alan Mathison Turing\uFF1B\u4E5F\u5E38\u7FFB\u8B6F\u6210\u6D82\u6797\u6216\u8005\u675C\u6797\uFF0C1912\u5E746\u670823\u65E5\uFF0D1954\u5E746\u67087\u65E5\uFF0C\u82F1\u8A9E\u767C\u97F3[\u02C8\u00E6l\u0259n \u02C8m\u00E6\u03B8\u026As\u1E47 \u02C8tj\u028A\u0259\u0279\u026A\u014B]\uFF09\uFF0C\u82F1\u56FD\u6570\u5B66\u5BB6\u3001\u908F\u8F2F\u5B78\u5BB6\uFF0C\u4ED6\u88AB\u89C6\u4E3A\u8BA1\u7B97\u673A\u79D1\u5B66\u4E4B\u7236\u3002 1931\u5E74\u56FE\u7075\u8FDB\u5165\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5B66\u56FD\u738B\u5B66\u9662\uFF0C\u6BD5\u4E1A\u540E\u5230\u7F8E\u56FD\u666E\u6797\u65AF\u987F\u5927\u5B66\u653B\u8BFB\u535A\u58EB\u5B66\u4F4D\uFF0C\u4E8C\u6218\u7206\u53D1\u540E\u56DE\u5230\u5251\u6865\uFF0C\u540E\u66FE\u534F\u52A9\u519B\u65B9\u7834\u89E3\u5FB7\u56FD\u7684\u8457\u540D\u5BC6\u7801\u7CFB\u7EDFEnigma\uFF0C\u5E2E\u52A9\u76DF\u519B\u53D6\u5F97\u4E86\u4E8C\u6218\u7684\u80DC\u5229\u3002 \u56FE\u7075\u5BF9\u4E8E\u4EBA\u5DE5\u667A\u80FD\u7684\u53D1\u5C55\u6709\u8BF8\u591A\u8D21\u732E\uFF0C\u4F8B\u5982\u56FE\u7075\u66FE\u5199\u8FC7\u4E00\u7BC7\u540D\u4E3A\u300A\u673A\u5668\u4F1A\u601D\u8003\u5417\uFF1F\u300B\uFF08Can A Machine Think?\uFF09\u7684\u8BBA\u6587\uFF0C\u5176\u4E2D\u63D0\u51FA\u4E86\u4E00\u79CD\u7528\u4E8E\u5224\u5B9A\u673A\u5668\u662F\u5426\u5177\u6709\u667A\u80FD\u7684\u8BD5\u9A8C\u65B9\u6CD5\uFF0C\u5373\u56FE\u7075\u8BD5\u9A8C\u3002\u81F3\u4ECA\uFF0C\u6BCF\u5E74\u90FD\u6709\u8BD5\u9A8C\u7684\u6BD4\u8D5B\u3002 \u6B64\u5916\uFF0C\u56FE\u7075\u63D0\u51FA\u7684\u8457\u540D\u7684\u56FE\u7075\u673A\u6A21\u578B\u4E3A\u73B0\u4EE3\u8BA1\u7B97\u673A\u7684\u903B\u8F91\u5DE5\u4F5C\u65B9\u5F0F\u5960\u5B9A\u4E86\u57FA\u7840\u3002 \u56FE\u7075\u60A3\u6709\u4E25\u91CD\u7684\u82B1\u7C89\u8FC7\u654F\u75C7\u3002\u4ED6\u4E5F\u662F\u8457\u540D\u7684\u540C\u6027\u604B\u4E4B\u4E00\u3002 \u56FE\u7075\u8FD8\u662F\u4E00\u4F4D\u4E16\u754C\u7EA7\u7684\u957F\u8DD1\u8FD0\u52A8\u5458\u3002\u4ED6\u7684\u9A6C\u62C9\u677E\u6700\u597D\u6210\u7EE9\u662F2\u5C0F\u65F646\u52063\u79D2\uFF0C\u6BD41948\u5E74\u5965\u6797\u5339\u514B\u8FD0\u52A8\u4F1A\u91D1\u724C\u6210\u7EE9\u616211\u5206\u949F\u30021948\u5E74\u7684\u4E00\u6B21\u8DE8\u56FD\u8D5B\u8DD1\u6BD4\u8D5B\u4E2D\uFF0C\u4ED6\u8D62\u4E86\u540C\u5E74\u5965\u8FD0\u4F1A\u94F6\u724C\u5F97\u4E3B\u3002"@zh ,
"Alan Mathison Turing byl v\u00FDznamn\u00FD britsk\u00FD matematik, logik, kryptograf a zakladatel modern\u00ED informatiky."@cs ,
"Egli introdusse la macchina ideale ed il test che portano il suo nome. Fu anche uno dei pi\u00F9 brillanti decrittatori che operavano in Inghilterra, durante la seconda guerra mondiale, per decifrare i messaggi scambiati da diplomatici e militari delle Potenze dell'Asse. Omosessuale, mori suicida a soli 42 anni in seguito ad una gravissima persecuzione omofobica condotta nei suoi confronti."@it ,
"Alan Mathison Turing,, oli brittil\u00E4inen matemaatikko ja logiikan tutkija, joka vuonna 1936 julkaisi formalisoimansa algoritmin ja tietojenk\u00E4sittelytieteess\u00E4 k\u00E4ytetyn Turingin kone -k\u00E4sitteen. H\u00E4nt\u00E4 pidet\u00E4\u00E4n yhten\u00E4 modernin tietojenk\u00E4sittelyn merkitt\u00E4vimmist\u00E4 uranuurtajista. Toisen maailmansodan aikana h\u00E4n johti Saksan laivaston Enigma-salakirjoituskoneen purkuty\u00F6t\u00E4 brittitiedustelun Bletchley Park -tukikohdassa. Sodan j\u00E4lkeen h\u00E4n suunnitteli yhden ensimm\u00E4isist\u00E4 ohjelmoitavista digitaalisista tietokoneista ja my\u00F6s rakensi prototyypin siit\u00E4 Manchesterin yliopistossa. H\u00E4n esitti merkitt\u00E4vi\u00E4 ja luonteenomaisesti provosoivia mielipiteit\u00E4 keskustelussa koneiden ajattelukyvyst\u00E4 ja kehitti Turingin testin. Muita h\u00E4nen tutkimuskohteitaan olivat todenn\u00E4k\u00F6isyyslaskenta, kryptografia, lukuteoria ja algebra. Turing loi mainetta morfogeneesiteorian ideoijana. Sen avulla pyrit\u00E4\u00E4n selitt\u00E4m\u00E4\u00E4n, mill\u00E4 tavoin geenit aiheuttavat eli\u00F6iden rakenteen ja muodon muodostumisen. Esimerkiksi seeprojen raitojen ja gepardien pilkkujen kehittymiseen liittyv\u00E4t seikat kuuluvat morfogeneesin piiriin. Turing oli homoseksuaali, mink\u00E4 vuoksi h\u00E4nt\u00E4 vainottiin. H\u00E4n teki lopulta itsemurhan. H\u00E4nen ansionsa sotasalakirjoituksen parissa tunnustettiin vasta h\u00E4nen kuolemansa j\u00E4lkeen."@fi ,
"\u0410\u0301\u043B\u0430\u043D \u041C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u043E\u043D \u0422\u044C\u044E\u0301\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0433 OBE \u2014 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043C\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043A, \u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u043A, \u043A\u0440\u0438\u043F\u0442\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444, \u0438\u0437\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C \u043C\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043D\u044B \u0422\u044C\u044E\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0433\u0430. \u0412 2009 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u0410\u043B\u0430\u043D \u0422\u044C\u044E\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0433 \u0431\u044B\u043B \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D \u00AB\u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0430\u043C\u044B\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432 \u0433\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0444\u043E\u0431\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0412\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438\u00BB."@ru ,
"Alan Mathison Turing \u2013 angielski matematyk, kryptolog, tw\u00F3rca poj\u0119cia maszyny Turinga i jeden z tw\u00F3rc\u00F3w informatyki."@pl ,
"Alan Mathison Turing,, (\u02C8tj\u028Ar\u026A\u014B) a fost un matematician, logician, criptanalist \u015Fi informatician britanic. Turing este adesea considerat a fi p\u0103rintele informaticii moderne. Cu ma\u015Fina Turing, el a adus o formalizare a conceptului de algoritm \u015Fi calcul. \u00CEn 1999, Time Magazine l-a numit pe Turing unul dintre cei mai importan\u0163i 100 de oameni din secolul XX pentru rolul s\u0103u \u00EEn crearea calculatorului modern, afirm\u00E2nd: \u201ER\u0103m\u00E2ne faptul c\u0103 oricine tasteaz\u0103 la un calculator, oricine deschide o foaie de calcul sau un program de procesare a textului lucreaz\u0103 pe o form\u0103 de ma\u015Fin\u0103 Turing. \u201D \u00CEntre timp, cu testul Turing, a adus o contribu\u0163ie semnificativ\u0103 la dezbaterea privind inteligen\u0163a artificial\u0103: dac\u0103 va fi vreodat\u0103 posibil s\u0103 se spunem c\u0103 o ma\u015Fin\u0103 este con\u015Ftient\u0103 \u015Fi poate g\u00E2ndi. Ulterior, el a lucrat la Laboratorul Na\u0163ional de Fizic\u0103, cre\u00E2nd unul dintre primele proiecte de calculator cu program stocat, ACE, de\u015Fi acesta nu a fost niciodat\u0103 implementat \u00EEntr-o form\u0103 complet\u0103. \u00CEn 1948, s-a mutat la Universitatea Manchester unde a lucrat la Manchester Mark 1, unul dintre primele calculatoare adev\u0103rate din lume. \u00CEn timpul celui de-al doilea r\u0103zboi mondial, Turing a lucrat la Bletchley Park, centrul britanic de criptanaliz\u0103, \u015Fi a condus o vreme Hut 8, sec\u0163iunea responsabil\u0103 pentru criptanaliza comunica\u0163iilor marinei germane. El a dezvoltat o serie de tehnici de spargere a cifrurilor germane, printre care metoda bombe, o ma\u015Fin\u0103 electromecanic\u0103 capabil\u0103 s\u0103 g\u0103seasc\u0103 set\u0103ri pentru ma\u015Fina Enigma. Spre sf\u00E2r\u015Fitul vie\u0163ii sale, Turing a devenit interesat de chimie. A scris o lucrare despre bazele chimice ale morfogenezei \u015Fi a prezis reac\u0163iile chimice oscilante, cum ar fi reac\u0163ia Belousov\u2013Jabotinski, observat\u0103 pentru prima oar\u0103 \u00EEn anii 1960. Turing era homosexual, \u00EEntr-o vreme c\u00E2nd homosexualitatea era considerat\u0103 boal\u0103 mintal\u0103 \u015Fi era ilegal\u0103. Dup\u0103 ce homosexualitatea sa a fost dat\u0103 \u00EEn vileag, a fost anchetat penal \u00EEn 1952, ceea ce a dus la terminarea carierei sale. A murit la scurt timp dup\u0103 aceea prin otr\u0103vire cu cianur\u0103, eveniment considerat oficial sinucidiere, de\u015Fi al\u0163i oameni, printre care mama sa, consider\u0103 c\u0103 circumstan\u0163ele mor\u0163ii sale sunt suspecte. La 10 septembrie 2009, Primul Ministru britanic Gordon Brown a dat o declara\u0163ie larg\u0103 prin care a cerut scuze lui Alan Turing \u00EEn numele guvernului pentru modul \u00EEn care a fost tratat \u00EEn perioada de dup\u0103 r\u0103zboi. Scuzele oficiale au venit \u00EEn urma unei peti\u0163ii online care a primit mii de semn\u0103turi din tot Regatul Unit. Gordon Brown: Mii de oameni s-au adunat s\u0103 cear\u0103 dreptate pentru Alan Turing \u015Fi recunoa\u015Fterea modului groaznic \u00EEn care a fost el tratat. De\u015Fi Turing a fost tratat conform legilor acelor vremi \u015Fi nu putem da timpul \u00EEnapoi, tratamentul primit a fost, desigur, totalmente nedrept \u015Fi m\u0103 bucur c\u0103 am ocazia s\u0103 spun c\u00E2t de r\u0103u \u00EEmi pare mie \u015Fi nou\u0103, tuturor, pentru ceea ce i s-a \u00EEnt\u00E2mplat. [... ] Deci, \u00EEn numele guvernului britanic, \u015Fi \u00EEn numele tuturor celor care tr\u0103iesc liberi datorit\u0103 muncii lui Alan, spun cu m\u00E2ndrie: ne pare r\u0103u, meritai s\u0103 fii tratat mult mai bine."@ro ,
"Alan Mathison Turing var en britisk matematiker som var med og grunnla datavitenskapen. Han er mest ber\u00F8mt for sin turingtest og sin universelle turingmaskin."@no ;
rdfs:comment "Alan Mathison Turing OBE, FRS fou un matem\u00E0tic brit\u00E0nic. Va treballar en camps com la inform\u00E0tica te\u00F2rica, la criptoan\u00E0lisi o la intel\u00B7lig\u00E8ncia artificial. Se'l considera el pare de la inform\u00E0tica moderna. Algunes de les seves principals aportacions a la inform\u00E0tica te\u00F2rica i a la intel\u00B7lig\u00E8ncia artificial van ser la m\u00E0quina de Turing, la computabilitat universal o el test de Turing."@ca ,
"Alan Mathison Turing, f\u00F6dd 23 juni 1912, d\u00F6d 7 juni 1954, var en brittisk matematiker, logiker och kryptoanalytiker. Han studerade vid King's College, Cambridge och sedan vid Princeton 1936-1938. Turing lade en stor del av grunderna f\u00F6r dagens informations- och datorteknologi, och \u00E4r idag mest k\u00E4nd f\u00F6r turingtestet, turingmaskinen och sina insatser i andra v\u00E4rldskriget med att kn\u00E4cka tyskarnas Enigmachiffer."@sv ,
"Alan Mathison Turing was een Britse wiskundige en informaticus avant la lettre."@nl ,
"Alan Mathison Turing,, oli brittil\u00E4inen matemaatikko ja logiikan tutkija, joka vuonna 1936 julkaisi formalisoimansa algoritmin ja tietojenk\u00E4sittelytieteess\u00E4 k\u00E4ytetyn Turingin kone -k\u00E4sitteen. H\u00E4nt\u00E4 pidet\u00E4\u00E4n yhten\u00E4 modernin tietojenk\u00E4sittelyn merkitt\u00E4vimmist\u00E4 uranuurtajista. Toisen maailmansodan aikana h\u00E4n johti Saksan laivaston Enigma-salakirjoituskoneen purkuty\u00F6t\u00E4 brittitiedustelun Bletchley Park -tukikohdassa."@fi ,
"Alan Mathison Turing foi um matem\u00E1tico brit\u00E2nico. Filho de um oficial, logo cedo se interessou pela ci\u00EAncia. A maior parte de seu trabalho foi desenvolvida na \u00E1rea de espionagem e, por isso, somente em 1975 veio a ser considerado o pai da inform\u00E1tica."@pt ,
"Alan Mathison Turing brit matematikus, a modern sz\u00E1m\u00EDt\u00F3g\u00E9ptudom\u00E1ny egyik atyja. Nagy hat\u00E1ssal volt az algoritmus \u00E9s a sz\u00E1m\u00EDt\u00F3g\u00E9pes adatfeldolgoz\u00E1s hivatalos koncepci\u00F3j\u00E1nak kidolgoz\u00E1s\u00E1ra az \u00E1ltala feltal\u00E1lt Turing-g\u00E9p. Szab\u00E1lyba foglalta a ma m\u00E1r sz\u00E9les k\u00F6rben elfogadott Church-Turing-t\u00E9zist, ami alapj\u00E1n tudniillik minden m\u00E1s sz\u00E1m\u00EDt\u00E1si modell \u00E9s m\u00E1s gyakorlati sz\u00E1m\u00EDt\u00E1si modell azonos a Turing-g\u00E9ppel vagy annak egy r\u00E9szegys\u00E9g\u00E9vel. A II."@hu ,
"Alan Mathison Turing fue un matem\u00E1tico, inform\u00E1tico te\u00F3rico, cript\u00F3grafo y fil\u00F3sofo ingl\u00E9s. Es considerado uno de los padres de la Ciencia de la computaci\u00F3n siendo el precursor de la inform\u00E1tica moderna. Proporcion\u00F3 una influyente formalizaci\u00F3n de los conceptos de algoritmo y computaci\u00F3n: la m\u00E1quina de Turing."@es ,
"Alan Mathison Turing [\u02C8\u00E6l\u0259n \u02C8m\u00E6\u03B8\u026As\u0259n \u02C8tj\u028A\u0259\u0279\u026A\u014B] war ein britischer Logiker, Mathematiker und Kryptoanalytiker. Er schuf einen gro\u00DFen Teil der theoretischen Grundlagen f\u00FCr die moderne Informations- und Computertechnologie. Als richtungsweisend erwiesen sich auch seine Beitr\u00E4ge zur theoretischen Biologie. Turing gilt heute als einer der einflussreichsten Theoretiker der fr\u00FChen Computerentwicklung und Informatik."@de ,
"Alan Mathison Turing \u2013 angielski matematyk, kryptolog, tw\u00F3rca poj\u0119cia maszyny Turinga i jeden z tw\u00F3rc\u00F3w informatyki."@pl ,
"Alan Mathison Turing byl v\u00FDznamn\u00FD britsk\u00FD matematik, logik, kryptograf a zakladatel modern\u00ED informatiky."@cs ,
"Alan Mathison Turing est un math\u00E9maticien britannique, auteur de l'article fondateur de la science informatique qui allait donner le coup d'envoi \u00E0 la cr\u00E9ation de l'ordinateur programmable. Il y pr\u00E9sente sa machine de Turing, le premier calculateur universel programmable, et invente les concepts de programmation et de programme. Il est \u00E9galement \u00E0 l'origine de la formalisation des concepts d'algorithme et de calculabilit\u00E9 qui ont profond\u00E9ment marqu\u00E9 cette discipline."@fr ,
"Egli introdusse la macchina ideale ed il test che portano il suo nome. Fu anche uno dei pi\u00F9 brillanti decrittatori che operavano in Inghilterra, durante la seconda guerra mondiale, per decifrare i messaggi scambiati da diplomatici e militari delle Potenze dell'Asse. Omosessuale, mori suicida a soli 42 anni in seguito ad una gravissima persecuzione omofobica condotta nei suoi confronti."@it ,
"\u0410\u0301\u043B\u0430\u043D \u041C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u043E\u043D \u0422\u044C\u044E\u0301\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0433 OBE \u2014 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0439 \u043C\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043A, \u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u043A, \u043A\u0440\u0438\u043F\u0442\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444, \u0438\u0437\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C \u043C\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043D\u044B \u0422\u044C\u044E\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0433\u0430. \u0412 2009 \u0433\u043E\u0434\u0443 \u0410\u043B\u0430\u043D \u0422\u044C\u044E\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0433 \u0431\u044B\u043B \u043F\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043D\u0430\u043D \u00AB\u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0430\u043C\u044B\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432 \u0433\u043E\u043C\u043E\u0444\u043E\u0431\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0412\u0435\u043B\u0438\u043A\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438\u00BB."@ru ,
"Alan Mathison Turing, \u0130ngiliz matematik\u00E7i ve bilgisayar bilimcisi. Bilgisayar biliminin kurucusu say\u0131l\u0131r. Geli\u015Ftirmi\u015F oldugu Turing testi ile makinalar\u0131n ve bilgisayarlar\u0131n d\u00FC\u015F\u00FCnme yetisine sahip olup olamayacaklar\u0131 konusunda bir kriter \u00F6ne s\u00FCrm\u00FC\u015Ft\u00FCr. II. D\u00FCnya Sava\u015F\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Alman \u015Fifrelerinin k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u00E7ok \u00F6nemli bir rol oynad\u0131\u011F\u0131 i\u00E7in sava\u015F kahraman\u0131 say\u0131lm\u0131\u015Ft\u0131r."@tr ,
"Alan Mathison Turing var en britisk matematiker som var med og grunnla datavitenskapen. Han er mest ber\u00F8mt for sin turingtest og sin universelle turingmaskin."@no ,
"Alan Mathison Turing, OBE, FRS (-ing; 23 June 1912 \u2013 7 June 1954), was an English mathematician, logician, cryptanalyst, and computer scientist. He was influential in the development of computer science and provided an influential formalisation of the concept of the algorithm and computation with the Turing machine. In 1999, Time Magazine named Turing as one of the 100 Most Important People of the 20th Century for his role in the creation of the modern computer."@en ,
"\u30A2\u30E9\u30F3\u30FB\u30C1\u30E5\u30FC\u30EA\u30F3\u30B0\uFF08Alan Mathison Turing, 1912\u5E746\u670823\u65E5 - 1954\u5E746\u67087\u65E5\uFF09\u306F\u30A4\u30AE\u30EA\u30B9\u306E\u6570\u5B66\u8005\u3002"@ja ,
"Alan Mathison Turing,, (\u02C8tj\u028Ar\u026A\u014B) a fost un matematician, logician, criptanalist \u015Fi informatician britanic. Turing este adesea considerat a fi p\u0103rintele informaticii moderne. Cu ma\u015Fina Turing, el a adus o formalizare a conceptului de algoritm \u015Fi calcul."@ro ,
"\u0410\u043B\u0430\u043D \u041C\u0430\u0442\u0456\u0441\u043E\u043D \u0422\u044E\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0433 (\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B. Alan Mathison Turing) \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0430\u043D\u0433\u043B\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u043C \u043C\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043A\u043E\u043C, \u043B\u043E\u0433\u0456\u043A\u043E\u043C, \u0442\u0430 \u043A\u0440\u0438\u043F\u0442\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u043E\u043C. \u0422\u044E\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0433 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E \u0432\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0431\u0430\u0442\u044C\u043A\u043E\u043C \u0441\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043D\u043E\u0457 \u0456\u043D\u0444\u043E\u0440\u043C\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043A\u0438. \u0414\u043E \u0432\u0456\u0439\u043D\u0438 \u043D\u0430\u0432\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0441\u044F \u0432 \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u043D\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u041A\u0435\u043C\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0436\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0430\u043C\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043A\u0430\u043D\u0441\u044C\u043A\u043E\u043C\u0456 \u041F\u0440\u0438\u043D\u0441\u0442\u043E\u043D\u0456."@uk ,
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